Internet Engineering Task Force C.G. ChazahGroup, Ed.
Internet-Draft Organization ChazahGroup
Intended status: Informational 27 May 2025
Expires: 28 November 2025
SW103K PROTOCOL
draft-rfcxml-rfc-swl-103k-04
Abstract
The SW103k protocol addresses challenges in networks with limited
bandwidth, latency constraints, and data integrity concerns. It
provides compression and decompression to optimize bandwidth
utilization in environments such as IoT, satellite, and mobile
communications.
The protocol operates at the data link layer with a custom frame
format including SW103K and HAVI headers. Key features include:
- Batch processing of 103 packets with compression - Merkle tree-
based integrity verification (merklesw103k root hash) - QoS
mechanisms with 8-bit priority field - Security features including
AES-256-GCM encryption - Physical layer synchronization with +-1us
accuracy
Implementations include Linux kernel modules, FPGA encoders, and
userspace daemons. The protocol supports interoperability with
industrial standards like PROFINET and EtherCAT through custom
mappings.
Status of This Memo
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This Internet-Draft will expire on 28 November 2025.
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Copyright Notice
Copyright (c) 2025 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the
document authors. All rights reserved.
This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal
Provisions Relating to IETF Documents (https://trustee.ietf.org/
license-info) in effect on the date of publication of this document.
Please review these documents carefully, as they describe your rights
and restrictions with respect to this document. Code Components
extracted from this document must include Revised BSD License text as
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provided without warranty as described in the Revised BSD License.
Table of Contents
1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
1.1. Requirements Language . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
2. How it works . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
3. IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
4. Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
5. References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
5.1. Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
5.2. Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Appendix A. Appendix 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Acknowledgements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Contributors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Change Log . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Author's Address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
1. Introduction
**1. Introduction** This document proposes the SWL103K protocol for
interoperable device communication within defined network scopes in
order to ensure interoperability **2. Protocol Features** The
SWL103K protocol SHOULD support data compression for efficient data
exchange in resource-constrained environments. **3. Security
Considerations** Implementations of this protocol MUST NOT store
plaintext passwords in memory. The rapid growth of networked devices
and the emergence of diverse applications have led to the demand for
efficient communication protocols that can accommodate varying
network conditions, scalability, and resource constraints. The
SWL103K protocol presented in this document aims to address these
challenges by providing a robust and adaptable solution for data
exchange in distributed networks. As network environments become
increasingly dynamic and heterogeneous, traditional communication
protocols may struggle to provide optimal performance. The SWL103K
protocol takes a novel approach by integrating innovative techniques
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for data transmission, congestion control, and routing. This ensures
that the protocol remains responsive and reliable, even in scenarios
where network conditions may change unpredictably. This document
outlines the fundamental design principles, key features, and
operational characteristics of the SWL103K protocol. It describes
the protocol's message format, data integrity mechanisms, and how it
handles various network scenarios. By providing a comprehensive
understanding of the SWL103K protocol, this document aims to enable
network engineers, researchers, and implementers to make informed
decisions about its adoption and integration into their respective
systems. The following sections of this document delve into the
specific components of the SWL103K protocol, including its
requirements, design considerations, and operational guidelines.
Additionally, the document provides insights into its security
considerations and interactions with existing protocols. Overall,
the SWL103K protocol aims to enhance the reliability, efficiency, and
adaptability of communication in modern networked environments What
problems does this protocol solve? This protocol solves several
problems related to data transmission, compression, decompression,
and integrity verification. Specifically, it aims to: Efficiently
transmit and manage a large number of small data packets. Compress a
batch of 103 data packets into a single compressed data stream.
Decompress the compressed data back into the original 103 packets.
Calculate and verify the integrity of received data using a
merkelsw103k Tree. Handle various states of the communication
process, including compression and decompression.
1.1. Requirements Language
The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
"SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "NOT RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and
"OPTIONAL" in this document are to be interpreted as described in BCP
14 [RFC2119] [RFC8174] when, and only when, they appear in all
capitals, as shown here.
2. How it works
The provided custom protocol, which appears to be a part of a larger
system or application, aims to address various communication and data
handling challenges. Below are responses to your questions regarding
the abstract understanding of this protocol:
1. Efficiently transmit and manage a large number of small data
packets. Compress a batch of 103 data packets into a single
compressed data stream. Decompress the compressed data back into
the original 103 packets. Calculate and verify the integrity of
received data using a merkelsw103k Tree. Handle various states
of the communication process, including compression and
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decompression. To implement this protocol, you would need to:
Define and initialize a struct sw103k_proto instance to manage
the protocol's state and data. Implement the functions
compressPackets and decompressPackets to handle compression and
decompression of data packets. Handle various protocol states
and operations in the sw103k_proto_parse_pkt function, updating
the protocol instance accordingly. Implement communication logic
to send and receive data packets based on the current protocol
state. Implement functions for integrity verification, such as
constructing a merkelsw103k Tree and comparing hashes. Utilize
this protocol in your application by calling its functions based
on your specific use case. 6. Abstract: How does this
protocol's function compare to other transport protocols? This
protocol appears to be a custom communication and data handling
protocol tailored to specific needs. Unlike widely used
transport protocols like TCP or UDP, which focus on reliable data
transmission or low-level data transfer, this custom protocol
includes features for data compression, decompression, and
integrity verification. The choice of using this protocol would
depend on the specific requirements of the application. TCP, for
example, ensures reliable data delivery, while UDP offers lower
overhead but without guarantees of reliability. This custom
protocol seems to prioritize efficient data compression and
decompression, making it suitable for scenarios where data size
and compression are critical factors. 7. Why might someone
decide to use this instead of something else that already exists?
Someone might choose to use this custom protocol over existing
alternatives if their application requires: Efficient compression
and decompression of data packets. Fine-grained control over
data transmission and compression. Integration of integrity
verification using a merkelsw103k Tree. Customized handling of
communication states and operations. Depending on the specific
use case, existing transport protocols like TCP or UDP may not
provide the desired level of data compression or customizability.
8. What are the security issues raised by using this protocol?
While the provided code includes features for calculating and
verifying packet integrity using a merkelsw103k Tree, it's
essential to consider potential security issues: Data Integrity:
The protocol relies on integrity verification using a
merkelsw103k Tree, but it assumes that the root hash provided is
trustworthy. Any compromise of the root hash could lead to data
integrity issues. (Fixed with data integrity checks) Compression
and Decompression: If not implemented securely, compression and
decompression routines can potentially introduce vulnerabilities,
such as buffer overflows or injection attacks. Authentication
and Authorization: The protocol does not appear to address user
authentication or authorization, which could be crucial for
secure communication. Data Privacy: Depending on the nature of
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the data being transmitted, encryption may be necessary to ensure
data privacy. Implementers should conduct thorough security
assessments and consider encryption, authentication mechanisms,
and protection against common security threats. In summary, the
provided custom protocol offers a tailored solution for data
transmission, compression, and integrity verification. Its use
cases and advantages would depend on the specific requirements of
the application it is being implemented for, but it provides
flexibility and control over these aspects compared to more
standardized transport protocols. Security considerations are
essential when implementing and deploying this protocol in real-
world applications. Below is how we are fixing the security
concerns Threat Modeling: Start by conducting a threat modeling
exercise. Identify potential threats and vulnerabilities in your
protocol. Consider various attack vectors, such as
eavesdropping, tampering, and unauthorized access.
Authentication: Implement strong authentication mechanisms to
ensure that communication parties can verify each other's
identities. This can involve using cryptographic protocols like
TLS/SSL for secure communication. Data Encryption: Encrypt
sensitive data to protect it from eavesdropping. Use well-
established encryption algorithms and ensure that keys are
managed securely. Access Control: Enforce proper access controls
to prevent unauthorized access to resources. Ensure that only
authorized users or devices can interact with the protocol. Data
Integrity: Implement mechanisms to verify the integrity of data
during transmission. This can include using checksums, digital
signatures, or HMAC (Hash-based Message Authentication Code).
Secure Key Management: Properly manage cryptographic keys used
for encryption and authentication. Store keys securely and
rotate them periodically. Secure Coding Practices: Follow secure
coding practices to avoid common vulnerabilities such as buffer
overflows, injection attacks, and format string vulnerabilities.
Error Handling: Implement robust error handling to prevent
information leakage through error messages. Provide generic
error messages to users and log detailed error information for
administrators. Logging and Monitoring: Implement logging and
monitoring to detect and respond to security incidents. Log
relevant security events and regularly review logs for suspicious
activities. Penetration Testing: Conduct penetration testing and
security audits to identify vulnerabilities that may not be
apparent during design and development. Regular Updates: Keep
the protocol and its dependencies up to date. Security
vulnerabilities can be discovered in libraries or components used
by the protocol. Documentation: Provide clear and up-to-date
documentation on security best practices for users and
administrators of the protocol. User Education: Educate users
and administrators about security best practices when using the
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protocol. This includes password hygiene, avoiding suspicious
links or attachments, and recognizing phishing attempts.
Security Review: Consider involving security experts or third-
party security audits to evaluate the protocol's security
posture. Compliance: Ensure that the protocol complies with
relevant security standards and regulations, if applicable.
Incident Response Plan: Develop an incident response plan to
address security breaches or incidents. Define procedures for
identifying, reporting, and mitigating security issues.
* How does this protocol work? The protocol works by defining a set
of states (e.g., CONNECTING, COMPRESSING, DECOMPRESSING) and
operations (e.g., SEND_COMPRESSED_DATA, RECEIVE_COMPRESSED_DATA).
It provides functions for compressing and decompressing data, as
well as for calculating and verifying packet integrity using a
merkelsw103k Tree.
First term: SW103K
Definition is the name of the protocol
Second term: HaviPackets
Definition is the packets name on the transport layer
+=========================+
| Compression Command C |
+=========================+
| Decompression Command D |
+-------------------------+
Table 1
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<CODE BEGINS> file "network_app_protocol.c"
<CODE BEGINS>
#include "network_app_protocol.h"
int main() {
// Initialize your custom protocol and
// perform any necessary setup
struct sw103k_proto mp;
// Initialize mp and set its initial
// state, buffers, etc.
// Example function calls
sendCommand(&mp, "CONNECT");
authenticate(&mp, "networkuser",
"networkpassword");
// Continuously receive and process data
while (1) {
custom_receive(&mp, network_socket);
// Replace 'network_socket' with your
// actual socket
}
// Clean up and exit
// Close sockets, free memory, etc.
return 0;
}
<CODE ENDS>
<CODE ENDS>
Figure 1: Source boiler code
+-----------------------------------------------------+
| Custom Protocol (C Code) |
+-----------------------------------------------------+
| |
| +---------------------+ +----------------+ |
| | Compression | | Decompression | |
| | Functions | | Functions | |
| +---------------------+ +----------------+ |
| | | | |
| | | | |
| +-----v---+ +------v---+ | |
| | Send | | Receive | | |
| | Command | | MP4 Data | | |
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| | Function| | Function | | |
| +---------+ +----------+ | |
| | | | |
| | | | |
| +-----v-------------------v---------v----+ |
| | Main Protocol Handling | |
| | (sw103k_proto_parse_pkt) | |
| +------------------------------------------+ |
| | |
| | |
| +-----v-------------------------------+ |
| | merkelsw103k Tree | |
| | Construction and Integrity | |
| | Verification | |
| +-----------------------------------+ |
| | |
| | |
| +-----v----------------------------------+ |
| | State Management | |
| | and Custom Hash Calculations | |
| +----------------------------------------+ |
| | |
| | |
+--------v------------------------------------+
|
|
+--------v------------------------------------+
| File Handling |
| (Sending and Receiving MP4 Data, File I/O) |
+--------------------------------------------+
|
|
+--------v------------------------------------+
| Custom Hash Functions |
| (Hash Calculation and Combination) |
+--------------------------------------------+
Figure 2: Diagram
3. IANA Considerations
This memo includes no request to IANA.
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4. Security Considerations
This document should not affect the security of the Internet.
5. References
5.1. Normative References
[RFC2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119,
DOI 10.17487/RFC2119, March 1997,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc2119>.
[RFC8174] Leiba, B., "Ambiguity of Uppercase vs Lowercase in RFC
2119 Key Words", BCP 14, RFC 8174, DOI 10.17487/RFC8174,
May 2017, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8174>.
5.2. Informative References
[exampleRefMin]
garith, Initials O.J., "Title", 2006.
[exampleRefOrg]
IEEE 802 working group, "Title LLC", 1984,
<http://www.example.com/>.
Appendix A. Appendix 1
Appendix
Acknowledgements
This work is supported by chazha group
Contributors
Thanks to chazah group ltd
Change Log
Changes in this version (draft-rfcxml-rfc-swl-103k-03):
- Clarified the applicability of the SWL103K protocol to avoid
implying
global deployment.
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- Updated normative language: changed "MUST be implemented by all
network
devices" to a more realistic recommendation for scoped environments.
- Responded to feedback from Area Directors regarding clarity and
protocol
deployment assumptions.
Author's Address
Chazah (editor)
Organization ChazahGroup
Street
City
Phone: Phone
Email: Email chief3@chazahgroup.org
URI: URI chazahgroup.org
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