Internet DRAFT - draft-thomson-domain-auth
draft-thomson-domain-auth
GEOPRIV WG M. Thomson
Internet-Draft J. Winterbottom
Expires: December 30, 2005 Nortel
June 28, 2005
Domain Authorization for PIDF-LO
draft-thomson-domain-auth-01.txt
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Copyright Notice
Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2005).
Abstract
This document describes a standard method for digitally signing
Presence Information Data Format Location Object (PIDF-LO) documents
using a subset of the XML Digital Signature specification. A digital
signature enables the user of a signed PIDF-LO document to attribute
that information to an authorized source within the domain of the
target entity. A schema is defined for including a domain
authorization element in the PIDF-LO and a set of XML Path Language
(XPath) filters for selecting the correct elements for signing.
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Table of Contents
1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
1.1 Conventions used in this document . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
2. The Domain Authorization Element . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
2.1 'expires' attribute . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
3. Signature Elements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
3.1 PIDF-LO Document Transform . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
3.2 Algorithms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
3.3 Signature Key Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
4. XML Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
4.1 XML Schema . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
4.2 XPath Filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
5. Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
6. Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
7. IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
7.1 URN Sub-Namespace Registration for
urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:pidf:geopriv10:domain-auth . . . . 17
8. References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Authors' Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Intellectual Property and Copyright Statements . . . . . . . . 19
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1. Introduction
Users of location information may desire to be able to attribute this
information to an authorized entity. This entity may not have
provided the information, but they must be able to vouch for its
accuracy. In most cases this will mean that the trusted entity
resides within the same domain, or access network, as the target
entity.
This specification describes a means by which a domain authority may
assume responsibility for the validity of the location information
provided in a Presence Information Data Format Location Object
(PIDF-LO [I-D.ietf-geopriv-pidf-lo]). A standard form is described
whereby a domain authority may digitally sign the PIDF-LO document.
This signature ensures that a user of the PIDF-LO can verify that the
presentity identified is at the described location within certain
time bounds.
Only selected data are signed within a PIDF, allowing a user freedom
to change other parts of the document without affecting the
signature. A signature only applies to a single tuple element,
allowing separate tuples to be unsigned, or to be signed separately.
Elements such as notes, contact information and the privacy
preferences described in [I-D.ietf-geopriv-pidf-lo] are not signed to
allow for modification. The signed elements are restricted to:
the presentity identifier: the entity attribute of the _presence_
element.
timestamp: the timestamp associated with the location information
location-info: the actual location information
expires: the time at which the signature expires, this datum is added
by this specification
1.1 Conventions used in this document
The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
"SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this
document are to be interpreted as described in [RFC2119].
The term _presentity_ is used as defined in RFC 2778 [RFC2778].
The term _location user_ is used to refer to the entity that is
consuming location information. In the context of RFC 2778
[RFC2778], the location user may be a watcher.
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The term _domain authority_ is used to refer to the entity that
assumes responsibility for the accuracy of the information provided
in the PIDF-LO.
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2. The Domain Authorization Element
This specification describes a new namespace for a domain
authorization element. This element contains the digital signature
described in RFC 3275 [RFC3275] and an expiry time for the signature.
The "domain-auth" element is added to the "tuple" element that
contains the "geopriv" element. Separate "tuple" elements are signed
separately. The XML Schema definition for the "domain-auth" element
is included in Section 4.1.
The digital signature signs the PIDF-LO document that includes only
the "tuple" element that the "domain-auth" element is included
within. Section 3.1 describes the specific means by which the
correct elements are selected.
2.1 'expires' attribute
The "expires" attribute defines the expiry time for the domain
authorization provided. A user of the PIDF-LO document MUST consider
the document to be unsigned beyond the expiry time.
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3. Signature Elements
The XML Signature specification [RFC3275] describes a means to sign
XML documents. The "Signature" element consists of three major
parts:
1. a description of the signed elements, which may be an entire
document, or selected parts of a document
2. a digital signature
3. information on the key used to sign the document
3.1 PIDF-LO Document Transform
Since the content of XML documents is indeterminate based on similar
data sets, RFC 3275 [RFC3275] describes a set of transforms that may
be applied to a document before applying a digital signature.
The input PIDF-LO document MUST be canonicalized using either
Canonical XML ("http://www.w3.org/TR/2001/REC-xml-c14n-20010315") or
Exclusive Canonical XML
("http://www.w3.org/TR/2002/REC-xml-exc-c14n-20020718/") [W3C.REC-
xml-exc-c14n-20020718]. Note that both of these canonicalization
methods remove comments from the source document.
The signature form selected for this document is an enveloped
signature. Therefore the enveloped signature transform
("http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#enveloped-signature") MUST be
applied to the document.
A filter is applied to the input document in order to select the
correct elements for signing. It is RECOMMENDED that the transformed
document is also a valid PIDF-LO. In addition, the transform should
exclude "tuple" elements other than the element that is directly
signed. This ensures that other content may be included in other
"tuple" elements, including other digital signatures.
The following elements MUST be selected:
o the "presence" element, which includes the "entity" attribute
o the "location-info" element and all of its contents
o the "timestamp" element associated with the signed "tuple" element
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o the "domain-auth" element
The minimum set of elements required to ensure that the signed
document is a valid PIDF-LO SHOULD also be included.
The XML Path Language (XPath) filter defined in Section 4.2 meets the
above criteria. For convenience, and to reduce the size of a signed
PIDF-LO document, this transform may be identified by the URN
"urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:pidf:geopriv10:domain-auth#PIDF-LO".
Note that any elements from other namespaces included within the
"domain-auth" element are selected by this XPath filter. This
ensures that additions to this element are covered by the digital
signature.
3.2 Algorithms
As recommended in RFC 3275 [RFC3275], implementations of this
specification MUST provide the following algorithms:
digest algorithm: The SHA1 digest, as identified by the URN
"http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#sha1".
signature algorithm: DSA with SHA1, as identified by the URN
"http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#dsa-sha1".
canonicalization method: Canonical XML [RFC3076], as identified by
the URN "http://www.w3.org/TR/2001/REC-xml-c14n-20010315".
transforms: The enveloped signature transform, as identified by the
URN "http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#enveloped-signature"; and
the transform defined in Section 4.2, as identified by the URN
"urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:pidf:geopriv10:domain-auth#PIDF-LO".
It is also RECOMMENDED that the following are also supported:
signature algorithm: PKCS1 (RSA-SHA1) signature algorithm, as
idenfied by "http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#rsa-sha1".
canonicalization method: Exclusive Canonical XML, as identified by
the URN "http://www.w3.org/TR/2002/REC-xml-exc-c14n-20020718/"
[W3C.REC-xml-exc-c14n-20020718].
3.3 Signature Key Data
RFC 3275 [RFC3275] describes a number of methods for describing the
key used to sign the document. For this specification, the "KeyInfo"
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element MUST be provided in the "Signature" element.
The domain authority MUST also describe a means to retrieve an X.509
certificate that includes the key used to sign the document. This
can be either by including an "X509Certificate" element, or by
referencing another certificate.
A reference to a certificate within the same document may be made
using the "X509SubjectName" element or a fragment identifier URI. A
fragment identifier URI might be applicable where multiple signatures
are applied to different parts of the document. External certificate
sources SHOULD be described by URI only in the "RetrievalMethod"
element. It is RECOMMENDED that the scheme for the RetrievalMethod
URI indicates a secure protocol, such as HTTPS.
The domain authority MAY include additional information in the
"KeyInfo" element that could assist the location user in validating
the certificate. For example a certificate chain and certificate
revocation list may be added. However, this specification does not
specify how the location user validates the certificate.
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4. XML Definitions
4.1 XML Schema
The following XML schema describes the "domain-auth" element. This
schema defines a new namespace:
"urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:pidf:geopriv10:domain-auth".
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<xsd:schema xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
targetNamespace="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:pidf:geopriv10:domain-auth"
xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:pidf:geopriv10:domain-auth"
xmlns:dsig="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#"
elementFormDefault="unqualified"
attributeFormDefault="unqualified">
<xsd:import namespace="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#"/>
<xsd:annotation>
<xsd:documentation>
This schema defines a means for providing authentication to a
PIDF-LO. This schema is also accompanied by a set of
transforms that should be applied to the signed PIDF-LO.
</xsd:documentation>
</xsd:annotation>
<xsd:element name="domain-auth">
<xsd:annotation>
<xsd:documentation>
The domain authorization that is applied to the PIDF-LO.
This element should be included within the scope of a
<tuple> element.
</xsd:documentation>
</xsd:annotation>
<xsd:complexType>
<xsd:complexContent>
<xsd:restriction base="xsd:anyType">
<xsd:sequence>
<xsd:element ref="dsig:Signature"/>
<xsd:any namespace="##other" processContents="lax"
minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
</xsd:sequence>
<xsd:attribute name="expires" use="required"
type="xsd:dateTime">
<xsd:annotation>
<xsd:documentation>
The expiry time associated with the authorization.
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</xsd:documentation>
</xsd:annotation>
</xsd:attribute>
</xsd:restriction>
</xsd:complexContent>
</xsd:complexType>
</xsd:element>
</xsd:schema>
4.2 XPath Filter
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The following XPath transform follows the recommendations in RFC 3275
[RFC3275] to select the elements for signing. This specification
defines a new URN for this transform:
"urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:pidf:geopriv10:domain-auth#PIDF-LO".
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<?xml version="1.0"?>
<dsig:Transform id="PIDF-LO"
Algorithm="http://www.w3.org/TR/1999/REC-xpath-19991116"
xmlns:dsig="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#">
<dsig:XPath
xmlns:pidf="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:pidf"
xmlns:gp="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:pidf:geopriv10"
xmlns:da="urn:urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:pidf:geopriv10:domain-auth">
<!-- Select elements -->
(
<!-- The enclosing presence element -->
((count(self::pidf:presence | here()/ancestor::pidf:presence[1]) = 1)
<!-- The enclosing pidf:tuple element -->
or (count(self::pidf:tuple | here()/ancestor::pidf:tuple[1]) = 1)
<!-- enclosing()/pidf:tuple with the following portions ... -->
or ((count(ancestor::pidf:tuple[1]
| here()/ancestor::pidf:tuple[1]) = 1)
<!-- ... pidf:status, pidf:status/pidf:timestamp[/text()] -->
and (self::pidf:status or ancestor-or-self::pidf:timestamp
<!-- ... gp:geopriv, gp:usage-rules -->
or self::gp:geopriv or self::gp:usage-rules
<!-- ... gp:location-info and descendants -->
or ancestor-or-self::gp:location-info))
<!-- the enclosing da:domain-auth element -->
or (count(self::da:domain-auth
| here()/ancestor::da:domain-auth[1]) = 1)
) or (
<!-- Select attributes and xmlns for those elements -->
(count(self::node() | parent::*/attribute::*
| parent::*/namespace::*)
< (count(self::node()) + count(parent::*/attribute::*)
+ count(parent::*/namespace::*)))
and parent::*[
<!-- Repeat of element selection -->
((self::pidf:presence and (count(ancestor::pidf:presence) = 0))
or (count(self::pidf:tuple | here()/ancestor::pidf:tuple[1]) = 1)
or ((count(ancestor::pidf:tuple[1]
| here()/ancestor::pidf:tuple[1]) = 1)
and (self::pidf:status
or self::gp:geopriv or self::gp:usage-rules))
or (count(self::da:domain-auth
| here()/ancestor::da:domain-auth[1]) = 1))
])
</dsig:XPath>
</dsig:Transform>
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5. Examples
A sample, demonstrating a simple form of the signed PIDF-LO document
is shown below.
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<presence entity="pres:user@example.com"
xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:pidf"
xmlns:gml="http://opengis.net/gml"
xmlns:gp="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:pidf:geopriv10">
<tuple id="pidflo1a786c3">
<status>
<gp:geopriv>
<gp:location-info>
<gml:position>
<gml:Point srsName="urn:EPSG:geographicCRS:4979">
<gml:pos>-34.407 150.88001 34</gml:pos>
</gml:Point>
</gml:position>
</gp:location-info>
<gp:usage-rules>
<gp:retransmission-allowed>no</gp:retransmission-allowed>
<gp:retention-expiry>
2004-12-01T21:28:43+10:00
</gp:retention-expiry>
</gp:usage-rules>
</gp:geopriv>
</status>
<da:domain-auth
expires="2005-05-18T15:28:58.061+10:00"
xmlns:da="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:pidf:geopriv10:domain-auth">
<ds:Signature xmlns:ds="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#">
<ds:SignedInfo>
<ds:CanonicalizationMethod
Algorithm="http://www.w3.org/TR/2001/REC-xml-c14n-20010315"/>
<ds:SignatureMethod
Algorithm="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#rsa-sha1"/>
<ds:Reference URI="">
<ds:Transforms>
<ds:Transform
Algorithm="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#enveloped-signature"/>
<ds:Transform
Algorithm="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:pidf:geopriv10:domain-auth#PIDF-LO"
/>
</ds:Transforms>
<ds:DigestMethod Algorithm="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#sha1"/>
<ds:DigestValue>bKlPmI0oKdmq24c4lV8jlL533K8=</ds:DigestValue>
</ds:Reference>
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</ds:SignedInfo>
<ds:SignatureValue>
iaEl9uK3VjpYci3oF+uyVmB12SA2HEsuJu8TtkwDcJ6f08B6uUll7gqm
UsxBvY9tH8ijJsesKJQf/tKQxhmOrg2TfG7/0MOjagrtJglna5YaH1co
LAMWlhb+iCMHvkAGxB+2cVr2Qsf6Fo0nw8qNHzswB2NwMFq1lCnaxYhY
/fI=
</ds:SignatureValue>
<ds:KeyInfo>
<ds:X509Data>
<ds:X509Certificate>
MIICPjCCAacCBEKCkPQwDQYJKoZIhvcNAQEEBQAwZjELMAkGA1UE
BhMCQVUxDDAKBgNVBAgTA05TVzETMBEGA1UEBxMKV29sbG9uZ29u
ZzEPMA0GA1UEChMGTm9ydGVsMRQwEgYDVQQLEwtJUCBMb2NhdGlv
bjENMAsGA1UEAxMEdGVzdDAeFw0wNTA1MTEyMzEwNDRaFw0wNTA4
MDkyMzEwNDRaMGYxCzAJBgNVBAYTAkFVMQwwCgYDVQQIEwNOU1cx
EzARBgNVBAcTCldvbGxvbmdvbmcxDzANBgNVBAoTBk5vcnRlbDEU
MBIGA1UECxMLSVAgTG9jYXRpb24xDTALBgNVBAMTBHRlc3QwgZ8w
DQYJKoZIhvcNAQEBBQADgY0AMIGJAoGBAMgbk4ZIQqcsJp307Ooj
bgtEeP8dzvyDLAhyGyb/iFBH3cGXJUBTsD+1kSGuK1VA+ENhCbU0
kHHYW0WLd7HbLoUnDcZqE1B5SoLsUA8n9wEW1BvfDj3A03Z+MRMV
+ARWYqMHO8qdwGfIHP3/vrw67vNznZBE+18qk9Mi8EqqqpmfAgMB
AAEwDQYJKoZIhvcNAQEEBQADgYEAtNmqmkcvpaMT+4l3pZ+eJba1
W2qgkjaWScxOUDznbAFW6hk1A9eL+Z91Fr025QPbT8cOiCY10mg5
wf6Yf027Z5354an2eZLiPm33FTu1yhI4XlLNa/BtbdFnuiB4N/Sn
dvm1fy9uWvfiV8ayO/OsyaGjWfM1+z4kwZZH5c9LJMQ=
</ds:X509Certificate>
</ds:X509Data>
</ds:KeyInfo>
</ds:Signature>
</da:domain-auth>
<note>
This note may be changed without affecting the signature.
</note>
<timestamp>2005-05-18T15:03:39.362+10:00</timestamp>
</tuple>
</presence>
Note that the digest and signatures are only included to serve as an
example. Several elements are included in the above example that
should not be signed by the domain authority, as described in
Section 3.1, in particular "usage-rules" and "note-well".
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The transform described in Section 3.1 removes extraneous elements,
resulting in the following PIDF-LO, which only includes the signed
elements (in this example whitespace has been added for readability):
<presence xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:pidf"
xmlns:gml="http://opengis.net/gml"
xmlns:gp="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:pidf:geopriv10"
entity="pres:user@example.com">
<tuple id="pidflo1a786c3">
<status>
<gp:geopriv>
<gp:location-info>
<gml:position>
<gml:Point srsName="urn:EPSG:geographicCRS:4979">
<gml:pos>-34.407 150.88001 34</gml:pos>
</gml:Point>
</gml:position>
</gp:location-info>
<gp:usage-rules>
</gp:usage-rules>
</gp:geopriv>
</status>
<da:domain-auth
xmlns:da="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:pidf:geopriv10:domain-auth"
expires="2005-05-18T15:28:58.061+10:00"></da:domain-auth>
<timestamp>2005-05-18T15:03:39.362+10:00</timestamp>
</tuple>
</presence>
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6. Security Considerations
The security limitations of this specification are no more
significant than those already identified in RFC 3275 [RFC3275]. In
particular the rules *Only What is Signed is Secure*, *Only What is
"Seen" Should be Signed*, and *"See" What is Signed* SHOULD be
applied.
It is RECOMMENDED that where certitude of information is important
that only the signed information is transmitted or stored, that is,
the PIDF-LO document formed by performing the transform described in
Section 3.1. This ensures that no additional information may be
misconstrued as being verifiable. This is particular applicable if
the contents of the PIDF-LO document are displayed on screen.
A degree of trust must exist between the domain authority and the
location user. It is the responsibility of the location user to
verify the identity of the domain authority and assert the
appropriate level of trust. If the location user is unable to
validate the identity of the domain authority for any reason, then
the PIDF-LO document MUST be considered unsigned.
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7. IANA Considerations
7.1 URN Sub-Namespace Registration for
urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:pidf:geopriv10:domain-auth
This document registers a new XML namespace, as per the guidelines in
[RFC3688].
URI: The URI for this namespace is
urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:pidf:geopriv10:domain-auth
Registrant Contact: IETF, GEOPRIV working group, (geopriv@ietf.org),
Martin Thomson (martin.thomson@nortel.com).
XML:
BEGIN
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML Basic 1.0//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml-basic/xhtml-basic10.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<title>GEOPRIV Domain Authorization Extensions</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Domain Authorization Extensions</h1>
<h2>urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:pidf:geopriv10:domain-auth</h2>
<p>See <a href="[[[URL of published RFC]]]">RFCXXXX</a>.</p>
</body>
</html>
END
8. References
[RFC2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997.
[RFC2778] Day, M., Rosenberg, J., and H. Sugano, "A Model for
Presence and Instant Messaging", RFC 2778, February 2000.
[RFC3076] Boyer, J., "Canonical XML Version 1.0", RFC 3076,
March 2001.
[RFC3275] Eastlake, D., Reagle, J., and D. Solo, "(Extensible Markup
Language) XML-Signature Syntax and Processing", RFC 3275,
March 2002.
[RFC3688] Mealling, M., "The IETF XML Registry", BCP 81, RFC 3688,
January 2004.
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[I-D.ietf-geopriv-pidf-lo]
Peterson, J., "A Presence-based GEOPRIV Location Object
Format", draft-ietf-geopriv-pidf-lo-03 (work in progress),
September 2004.
[W3C.REC-xml-exc-c14n-20020718]
3rd, D., Boyer, J., and J. Reagle, "Exclusive XML
Canonicalization Version 1.0", W3C REC REC-xml-exc-c14n-
20020718, July 2002.
Authors' Addresses
Martin Thomson
Nortel
PO Box U87
University of Wollongong, NSW 2500
AU
Phone: +61 2 4254 7515
Email: martin.thomson@nortel.com
URI: http://www.nortel.com/
James Winterbottom
Nortel
PO Box U87
University of Wollongong, NSW 2500
AU
Phone: +61 2 4223 3038
Email: winterb@nortel.com
URI: http://www.nortel.com/
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Intellectual Property Statement
The IETF takes no position regarding the validity or scope of any
Intellectual Property Rights or other rights that might be claimed to
pertain to the implementation or use of the technology described in
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Thomson & Winterbottom Expires December 30, 2005 [Page 19]
Internet-Draft Domain Auth. June 2005
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Thomson & Winterbottom Expires December 30, 2005 [Page 20]
