Internet DRAFT - draft-sakimura-oauth-wmrm

draft-sakimura-oauth-wmrm







OAuth Working Group                                         T. Yamaguchi
Internet-Draft                                               Timee, Inc.
Intended status: Standards Track                        N. Sakimura, Ed.
Expires: 11 May 2024                                  NAT Consulting LLC
                                                               N. Matake
                                                            YAuth.JP LLC
                                                         8 November 2023


                  OAuth 2.0 Web Message Response Mode
                      draft-sakimura-oauth-wmrm-01

Abstract

   This specification defines a new response mode for RFC6749 that uses
   HTML5 Web Messaging (a.k.a window.postMessage()) instead of the
   redirect for the Authorization Response from the Authorization
   Endpoint.  It defines two modes: simple mode and relay mode.  Relay
   mode can be used to protect the access token in the implicit grant
   case by confining it within the origins of authorization server or
   resource server and preventing it from being read by the client.

Status of This Memo

   This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the
   provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79.

   Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering
   Task Force (IETF).  Note that other groups may also distribute
   working documents as Internet-Drafts.  The list of current Internet-
   Drafts is at https://datatracker.ietf.org/drafts/current/.

   Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months
   and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any
   time.  It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference
   material or to cite them other than as "work in progress."

   This Internet-Draft will expire on 11 May 2024.

Copyright Notice

   Copyright (c) 2023 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the
   document authors.  All rights reserved.

   This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal
   Provisions Relating to IETF Documents (https://trustee.ietf.org/
   license-info) in effect on the date of publication of this document.
   Please review these documents carefully, as they describe your rights



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   and restrictions with respect to this document.  Code Components
   extracted from this document must include Revised BSD License text as
   described in Section 4.e of the Trust Legal Provisions and are
   provided without warranty as described in the Revised BSD License.

Table of Contents

   1.  Introduction  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   2
     1.1.  Requirements Language . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   3
   2.  Terms and definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   3
     2.1.  Main Window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   3
     2.2.  Authenticated Window  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   3
     2.3.  Unauthenticated Window  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   3
     2.4.  Message Targeted Window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   3
   3.  Symbols and abbreviated terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   3
   4.  Protocol Flows  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   4
     4.1.  Simple mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   4
       4.1.1.  Simple mode:no prompt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   4
       4.1.2.  Simple mode:with prompt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   5
     4.2.  Relay Mode  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   5
       4.2.1.  Relay mode:no prompt  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   5
       4.2.2.  Simple mode:with prompt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   7
   5.  Authorization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   7
     5.1.  Authorization Request . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   7
     5.2.  Authorization Response  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  12
   6.  Client Metadata . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  15
   7.  IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  16
   8.  Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  16
   9.  Acknowledgements  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  16
   10. Revision History  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  16
   11. Normative References  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  16
   Authors' Addresses  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  17

1.  Introduction

   This specification defines a new response mode for RFC6749 that uses
   HTML5 Web Messaging (a.k.a window.postMessage()) instead of the
   redirect for the Authorization Response from the Authorization
   Endpoint.

   This specification provides two modes

   1.  Simple mode returns the Authorization Response directly to the
       client web page.

   2.  Relay mode does not return the Authorization Response directly to
       the client web page but returns it to a child frame created by
       the client web page via the client web page.



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1.1.  Requirements Language

   The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
   "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this
   document are to be interpreted as described in RFC 2119 [RFC2119].

2.  Terms and definitions

   For the purposes of this specification, the following terms and
   definitions apply.

2.1.  Main Window

   window object that the client created

2.2.  Authenticated Window

   A window object in the iframe created by the Main Window(Section 2.1)
   or its child iframe.

   It is used to relay the Authorization Request from the client to the
   Authorization Server.  The request is expected to have prompt=none
   defined in OpenID Connect Core.

   It is expected to be used when the End User is in the "authenticated"
   state at the Authorization Server so that prompt=none succeeds.
   Authorization Server SHOULD NOT send Set-Cookie header in the
   response.

2.3.  Unauthenticated Window

   A popup window object created by the Main Window(Section 2.1), via
   window.open(), to send the Authorization Request to the Authorization
   Endpoint.

   It is used when the user is not in the Authenticated state on the
   Authorization Server or the client has not received the authorization
   yet.

2.4.  Message Targeted Window

   A window object in the iframe created by the Main Window(Section 2.1)
   that receives Authorization Response in Relay Mode (Section 4.2).

3.  Symbols and abbreviated terms

   Authz  Authorization




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4.  Protocol Flows

   As stated above, this response mode provides two modes.

4.1.  Simple mode

   In the Simple mode, the protocol flows as follows.

4.1.1.  Simple mode:no prompt

   The authorization request and response sequence when using
   Authenticated Window will be like this.

              1.Create                   2.Authz
   +--------+   iframe  +---------------+ Request  +--------------+
   |        +----------->               +---------->              |
   | Main   |           |Authenticated  |          |Authorization |
   | Window |           |Window         |          |Endpoint      |
   |        <-----------+               <----------+              |
   +--------+ 3.Send    +---------------+ 3.Authz  +--------------+
                web message               Response
                as Authz                  via JavaScript code
                Response


                Figure 1: Simple mode (Authenticated Window)

   Below is the description of the each steps in the above sequence
   diagram.

   1.  Main Window creates the Unauthenticated Windows as an iframe to
       send Authorization Request and sets the URI of the Authorization
       Request as the src value of the iframe.

   2.  The Authorization Request that is specified by the src value of
       the iframe of the Unauthenticated Window, which was set by the
       Main Window, is sent to Authorization Endpoint.

   3.  Authorization Server determines if the End User is logged in
       state and checks if it can return the Authorization Response
       without interacting with the User.  If it determines that it can,
       it will render the HTML5 that includes the JavaScript code that
       sends the Authorization Response.

   4.  The Authorization Response is passed to the Main Window from the
       Unauthenticated Window using Web Message through the JavaScript.





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4.1.2.  Simple mode:with prompt

   When using Unauthenticated Window, the Authorization sequence would
   be as follows:

           1.window.open()            2.Authz
+--------+           +---------------+ Request  +--------------+
|        +----------->               +---------->              +-----+
| Main   |           |Unauthenticated|          |Authorization |     |3.User
| Window |           |Window         |          |Endpoint      |     |Interaction
|        <-----------+               <----------+              <-----+
+--------+ 5.Send    +---------------+ 4.Authz  +--------------+
             web message               Response
             as Authz                  via JavaScript code
             Response


            Figure 2: Simple mode (Unauthenticated Window)

   It is almost identical to the sequence that used Authenticated Window
   except:

   1.  The way the window object that is used to send the Authorization
       Request is different. i.e., iframe v.s. window.open().

   2.  End User may interact with the Authorization Server before the
       Authorization Response is being sent.

   3.  The relationship of the window that accesses the Authorization
       Endpoint and the Main Window is different. i.e., window.parent
       v.s. window.opener.

4.2.  Relay Mode

   The protocol flow of the Relay mode will be as follows.

4.2.1.  Relay mode:no prompt

   The authorization sequence that uses Unauthenticated Window will be:












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              +-----------------------+
              |                       |
      +-------> Message Target Window <-------+
      |       |                       |       |
      |       +-----------------------+  7.Send web message as
   1.Create iframe                         Authz Response
      |                                       |
   +--+-----+    2.Create iframe   +--------+-----+         +---------+
   |        +----------------------> Un-          +--------->         |
   | Main   |                      | Authenticated| 3.Authz | Authz   |
   | Window <----------------------+ Window       | Request | Endpoint|
   |        | 5.Send web message   |              |         |         |
   +------+-+   as Relay Request   +--^-------^---+         +---+-----+
          |                           |       |                 |
          +---------------------------+       +-----------------+
                   6.Relay Response             4.Authz Response
                                                  by Javascript code


                Figure 3: Relay Mode (Authenticated Window)

   1.  Create iframe (Message Target Window) through Main Window.  It
       will receive the Authorization Response.

   2.  Create iframe (Unautenticated Window) through Main Window.  The
       Authorization Request URI is set as the src value of the iframe.
       This iframe is used to send the Authorization Request.

   3.  Authorization Request specified in the src value by the Main
       Window is sent to the Authorization Endpoint.

   4.  Authorization Server checks the login status of the End User and
       whether it can return the Authorization Response without the End
       User interaction.  If it is, then it will render the HTML5 that
       includes JavaScript code that sends Relay Request and
       Authorization Response.

   5.  Unauthenticated Window sends Relay Request as a Web Message to
       the Main Window throught the JavaScript code.

   6.  Main Window returns the Relay Response.

   7.  Unauthenticated window obtains the window object of the Message
       Target Window via the MessageEvent object in the Relay Response
       and send Authorization Response as a Web Message.






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4.2.2.  Simple mode:with prompt

   The authorization sequence that uses the Authenticated Window follows
   almost the same sequence.

           +-----------------------+
           |                       |
   +-------> Message Target Window <-------+
   |       |                       |       |
   |       +-----------------------+  7.Send web message as
1.window.open()                         Authz Response
   |                                       |
+--+-----+    2.Create iframe   +--------+-----+         +---------+
|        +----------------------> Un-          +--------->         +---+
| Main   |                      | authenticated| 3.Authz | Authz   |   |3.User
| Window <----------------------+ Window       | Request | Endpoint|   |Interaction
|        | 5.Send web message   |              |         |         <---+
+------+-+   as Relay Request   +--^-------^---+         +---+-----+
       |                           |       |                 |
       +---------------------------+       +-----------------+
                6.Relay Response             4.Authz Response
                                             by Javascript code


             Figure 4: Relay Mode (Authenticated Window)

   The differences are, just like in the Simple Mode:

   1.  The way the window object that is used to send the Authorization
       Request is different. i.e., iframe v.s. window.open().

   2.  End User may interact with the Authorization Server before the
       Authorization Response is being sent.

   3.  The relationship of the window that accesses the Authorization
       Endpoint and the Main Window is different. i.e., window.parent
       v.s. window.opener.

5.  Authorization


5.1.  Authorization Request

   Web Messaging Response Mode defines the following Authorization
   Request parameters.

   response_mode  REQUIRED.  ASCII string "web_message".




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   redirect_uri  REQUIRED.  The origin URI of the URI of the Main
      Window.  If web_message_uri is not specified, Authorization
      Responsewill be sent to the origin specifed by the redirect_uri.

   web_message_uri  OPTIONAL.  The origin URI that Message Target Window
      references.  When it is specified, Authorization Response will not
      be returned to the redirect_uri but Relay Request/Responses are
      used.

   web_message_target  OPTIONAL or REQUIRED.  The DOM id value that
      points to the Message Target Window.  REQUIRED if web_message_uri
      is used.  Authorization Response obtains the window object of
      Message Target Window via Relay Request/Relay Response with the
      Main Window.  If it is not specified, Authorization Responsewill
      be sent to the calling window.

   Main WIndow creates an event listener before sending the
   Authorization Request, and sends Authorization Request that uses
   these parameters to either Authenticated Window or Unauthenticated
   Window.

   The following example depicts the Authorization Request to the
   Unauthenticated Window in the Simple Mode.




























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function connect(request, callback) {
    var authorizationEndpoint = (function(url) {
        var a = document.createElement("a");
        a.setAttribute("href", url);
        return a;
    })("https://as.example.com/authorize");
    authorizationEndpoint.search = buildQueryString(request, {
        "redirect_uri": location.origin,
        "response_mode": "web_message"
    });
    window.addEventListener("message", function(evt) {
        if (evt.origin != "https://as.example.com")
            return;
        if (!evt.data.type)
            return;
        switch (evt.data.type) {
            case "authorization_response":
                evt.source.close();
                (evt.data.error) ? callback(null, evt.data): callback(evt.data, null);
                window.removeEventListener("message", arguments.callee, false);
                break;
            default:
        }
    }, false);
    var unauthentecatedWindow = window.open(authorizationEndpoint.getAttribute("href"), "_new");
    return unauthenticatedWindow;
}

    Figure 5: Registration of the event listener (Unauthenticated
                      Window in the Simple mode)

   Actual authorization request will look like:


   GET /authorize?response_type=token&client_id=s6BhdRkqt3&state=xyz
    &redirect_uri=https%3A%2F%2Fclient%2Eexample%2Ecom
    &response_mode=web_message HTTP/1.1
   Host: as.example.com:443

                      Figure 6: Authorization Request

   Following depicts the Authorization Request to Authenticated Window
   in Relay Mode.








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function getConnectedStatus(request, callback) {
    var authorizationEndpoint = (function(url) {
        var a = document.createElement("a");
        a.setAttribute("href", url);
        return a;
    })("https://as.example.com/authorize");
    authorizationEndpoint.search = buildQueryString(request, {
        "redirect_uri": location.origin,
        "response_mode": "web_message",
        "web_message_uri": "https://api.example.com",
        "web_message_target": "apiFrame"
    });
    window.addEventListener("message", function(evt) {
        if (evt.origin != "https://as.example.com")
            return;
        if (!evt.data.type)
            return;
        switch (evt.data.type) {
            case "relay_request":
                evt.source.postMessage("message", {
                    type: "relay_response"
                }, false);
                (evt.data.error) ? callback(null, evt.data): callback(evt.data, null);
                window.removeEventListener("message", arguments.callee, false);
                break;
            default:
        }
    }, false);
    var authenticatedWindow = (function(url) {
        var iframe = document.getElementById("apiFrame");
        if (!iframe) {
            iframe = document.createElement("iframe");
            iframe.setAttribute("width", 0);
            iframe.setAttribute("height", 0);
        }
        iframe.setAttribute("href", url);
        return iframe.contentWindow;
    })(authorizationEndpoint.getAttribute("href"));
    return authenticatedWindow;
}

      Figure 7: Registration of the event listener that receives
     Authorization Response (Authenticated Window in Relay Mode)

   Actual authorization request will look like:






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   GET /authorize?response_type=token&client_id=s6BhdRkqt3&state=xyz
   &redirect_uri=https%3A%2F%2Fclient%2Eexample%2Ecom
   &response_mode=web_message
   &web_message_uri=https%3A%2F%2Fapi%2Eexample%2Ecom
   &web_message_target=apiFrame HTTP/1.1
   Host: as.example.com:443

           Figure 8: Authorization Request (Authenticated Window)

   Message Target Window in Relay mode creates an event listener to
   receive Authorization Response.


   (function(window, document, undefined) {
       window.addEventListener("message", function(evt) {
           if (evt.origin != "https://as.example.com")
               return;
           if (!evt.data.type)
               return;
           switch (evt.data.type) {
               case "authorization_response":
                   if (evt.source.parent == evt.source) {
                       evt.source.close();
                   }
                   processAuthorizationResponse(evt.data);
                   break;
               default:
           }
       }, false);
   })(this, this.document);

    Figure 9: Receiving Authorization Response in Message Target Window

   Web Messages between Authenticated Window or Unauthenticated Window
   and Main Window or Message Target Window takes the following fields.

     +==========+========+==========+================================+
     | field    | type   | required | description                    |
     +==========+========+==========+================================+
     | type     | string | true     | prepare_authorization_response |
     |          |        |          | OR authorization_response      |
     +----------+--------+----------+--------------------------------+
     | response | object | false    | used when                      |
     |          |        |          | type=authorization_response    |
     +----------+--------+----------+--------------------------------+

                      Table 1: Web Messages Structure




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   Type attribute values are described in the following table.

   +======+===============+===============+======================+=============+
   |mode  |sender         |receiver       |type                  |description  |
   +======+===============+===============+======================+=============+
   |Simple|Authenticated  |Main Window    |authorization_response|response     |
   |Mode  |Window or      |               |                      |including    |
   |      |Unauthenticated|               |                      |Authorization|
   |      |Window         |               |                      |Response     |
   +------+---------------+---------------+----------------------+-------------+
   |Relay |Authenticated  |Main Window    |relay_request         |Request to   |
   |Mode  |Window or      |               |                      |get the      |
   |      |Unauthenticated|               |                      |reference to |
   |      |Window         |               |                      |the window   |
   |      |               |               |                      |object of the|
   |      |               |               |                      |Main Window  |
   +------+---------------+---------------+----------------------+-------------+
   |Relay |Main Window    |Authenticated  |relay_response        |The response |
   |Mode  |               |Window or      |                      |to the       |
   |      |               |Unauthenticated|                      |relay_request|
   |      |               |Window         |                      |             |
   +------+---------------+---------------+----------------------+-------------+
   |Relay |Authenticated  |Message Target |authorization_response|Response that|
   |Mode  |Window or      |Window         |                      |includes     |
   |      |Unauthenticated|               |                      |Authorization|
   |      |Window         |               |                      |Response     |
   +------+---------------+---------------+----------------------+-------------+

                          Table 2: Type attributes


5.2.  Authorization Response

   Authorization Server needs to render the JavaScript code to return
   the Authorization Response when response_mode was web_message at the
   time of Authorization Request at Authorization Endpoint.

   Authorization Server MUST verify the following before returning
   Authorization Response.

   (1)  The origin specified by redirect_uri is white-listed.

   (2)  The origin specified by web_message_uri is white-listed.

   If verified, it MUST return the response including the JavaScript
   code such as:





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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>

<head>
    <title>Authorization Response</title>
</head>

<body>
    <script type="text/javascript">
        (function(window, document, undefined) {
                // Begin : these values rendered by server
                var redirectURI = "https://client.example.com";
                var webMessageRequest = {};
                var authorizationResponse = {
                    type: "authorization_response",
                    response: {
                        code: "SplxlOBeZQQYbYS6WxSbIA",
                        state: "xyz"
                    }
                };
                // End
                var mainWin = (window.opener != window) ? window.opener : window.parent;
                // For relay mode
                if (webMessageRequest["web_message_uri"] && webMessageRequest["web_message_target"]) {
                    window.addEventListener("message", function(evt) {
                            if (evt.origin != redirectURI)
                                return; // replay mode
                            switch (evt.data.type) {
                                case "relay_response":
                                    messageTargetWindow =
                                        evt.source.document.getElementById(webMessageRequest["web_message_target"]);
                                    if (messageTargetWindow) {
                                        messageTargetWindow.postMessage({
                                            type: "authorization_response",
                                            response: authorizationResponse
                                        }, webMessageRequest["web_message_uri"]);
                                    }
                                default:
                            }
                        }
                        mainWin.postMessage({
                            type: "relay_request"
                        }, redirectURI);
                    } else {
                        mainWin.postMessage({
                            type: "authorization_response",
                            response: authorizationResponse
                        }, redirectURI);



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                    }
                })(this, this.document);
    </script>
</body>

</html>


  Figure 10: Authorization Response with web messaging response mode

   If web_message_uri and web_message_target request parameters are
   specified in Authorization Request, window object sent by
   postMessage() is not to be set to window.opener or window.parent but
   to a specific frame, responses such as follows should be returned.


<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>

<head>
    <title>Authorization Response</title>
</head>

<body>
    <script type="text/javascript">
        (function(window, document, undefined) {
                // Begin : these values rendered by server
                var redirectURI = "https://client.example.com";
                var webMessageRequest = {
                    web_message_uri: "https://api.example.com",
                    web_message_target: "apiFrame"
                };
                var authorizationResponse = {
                    type: "authorization_response",
                    response: {
                        code: "SplxlOBeZQQYbYS6WxSbIA",
                        state: "xyz"
                    }
                };
                // End
                var mainWin = (window.opener != window) ? window.opener : window.parent;
                // For relay mode
                if (webMessageRequest["web_message_uri"] && webMessageRequest["web_message_target"]) {
                    window.addEventListener("message", function(evt) {
                            if (evt.origin != redirectURI)
                                return; // replay mode
                            switch (evt.data.type) {
                                case "relay_response":



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                                    messageTargetWindow =
                                        evt.source.document.getElementById(webMessageRequest["web_message_target"]);
                                    if (messageTargetWindow) {
                                        messageTargetWindow.postMessage({
                                            type: "authorization_response",
                                            response: authorizationResponse
                                        }, webMessageRequest["web_message_uri"]);
                                    }
                                default:
                            }
                        }
                        mainWin.postMessage({
                            type: "relay_request"
                        }, redirectURI);
                    } else {
                        mainWin.postMessage({
                            type: "authorization_response",
                            response: authorizationResponse
                        }, redirectURI);
                    }
                })(this, this.document);
    </script>
</body>

</html>


 Figure 11: Authorization Response w/ web messaging response mode and
                          web_message_target

6.  Client Metadata

   The following field is added to RFC7519.

       +==================+=======+===============================+
       | field            | type  | description                   |
       +==================+=======+===============================+
       | web_message_uris | array | List of origins that are      |
       |                  |       | allowed as web_message_uri in |
       |                  |       | the Authorization Request.    |
       +------------------+-------+-------------------------------+

                    Table 3: Client Metadata Addition








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7.  IANA Considerations

   Followings are added to OAuth Dynamic Client Registration Metadata
   Registry.

   *  Client Metadata Name: "web_message_uris"

   *  Client Metadata Description: List of origins that are allowed as
      web_message_uri in the Authorization Request.

   *  Change Controller: IESG

   *  Specification Document(s): This document

8.  Security Considerations

   In addition to the all the security considerations discussed in OAuth
   2.0 [RFC6819], the following security considerations SHOULD be taken
   into account.


9.  Acknowledgements

   Follwoing people contributed to the creation of this document .

10.  Revision History

   -01

   *  Updated authors contacts

   -00

   *  Initial Draft.

11.  Normative References

   [RFC2119]  Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
              Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC2119, March 1997,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc2119>.

   [RFC6819]  Lodderstedt, T., Ed., McGloin, M., and P. Hunt, "OAuth 2.0
              Threat Model and Security Considerations", RFC 6819,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC6819, January 2013,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6819>.





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Internet-Draft                 oauth-wmrm                  November 2023


   [RFC7591]  Richer, J., Ed., Jones, M., Bradley, J., Machulak, M., and
              P. Hunt, "OAuth 2.0 Dynamic Client Registration Protocol",
              RFC 7591, DOI 10.17487/RFC7591, July 2015,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7591>.

   [Web.Messaging]
              Hickson, I., "HTML5 Web Messaging", 19 May 2015,
              <http://www.w3.org/TR/webmessaging/>.

Authors' Addresses

   Toru Yamaguchi
   Timee, Inc.
   Email: toru.yamaguchi@timee.co.jp
   URI:   https://corp.timee.co.jp/


   Nat Sakimura (editor)
   NAT Consulting LLC
   Email: nat@nat.consulting
   URI:   http://nat.sakimura.org/


   Nov Matake
   YAuth.JP LLC
   Email: nov@matake.jp
   URI:   http://matake.jp
























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