Internet DRAFT - draft-apthorp-ical-tasks

draft-apthorp-ical-tasks







Network Working Group                                         A. Apthorp
Internet-Draft                                               DHL Express
Updates: 5545 (if approved)                                     C. Daboo
Intended status: Standards Track                              Apple Inc.
Expires: 10 November 2021                                    M. Douglass
                                            Bedework Commercial Services
                                                              9 May 2021


                      Task Extensions to iCalendar
                      draft-apthorp-ical-tasks-02

Abstract

   This document defines extensions to the Internet Calendaring and
   Scheduling Core Object Specification (iCalendar) (RFC5545) to provide
   improved status tracking, scheduling and specification of tasks.

   It also defines how Calendaring Extensions to WebDAV (CalDAV) (RFC
   4791) servers can be extended to support certain automated task
   management behaviours.

Status of This Memo

   This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the
   provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79.

   Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering
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   Drafts is at https://datatracker.ietf.org/drafts/current/.

   Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months
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   material or to cite them other than as "work in progress."

   This Internet-Draft will expire on 10 November 2021.

Copyright Notice

   Copyright (c) 2021 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the
   document authors.  All rights reserved.

   This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal
   Provisions Relating to IETF Documents (https://trustee.ietf.org/
   license-info) in effect on the date of publication of this document.
   Please review these documents carefully, as they describe your rights



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   and restrictions with respect to this document.  Code Components
   extracted from this document must include Simplified BSD License text
   as described in Section 4.e of the Trust Legal Provisions and are
   provided without warranty as described in the Simplified BSD License.

Table of Contents

   1.  Acknowledgements  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   3
   2.  Introduction  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   3
     2.1.  Terms and Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   4
   3.  Task Architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   5
   4.  Task Architecture Elements  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   7
   5.  Architecture Foundations  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   8
   6.  Task Extensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   8
   7.  Task Specification  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   9
     7.1.  CONCEPT for task type identification  . . . . . . . . . .   9
     7.2.  Task Context and Relationships  . . . . . . . . . . . . .  10
     7.3.  Task Domain Data Handling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  10
   8.  Task Deadlines, Milestones and Time Planning  . . . . . . . .  11
   9.  Task Scheduling and Assignment  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  11
   10. Status Reporting  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  11
     10.1.  Improved granularity in status reporting information . .  12
     10.2.  Relating comments to status  . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  12
     10.3.  Comments associated to reasons and status changes  . . .  12
     10.4.  Task Alerts and Notifications  . . . . . . . . . . . . .  12
     10.5.  Automated Status Changes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  13
   11. New Property Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  13
     11.1.  Group  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  13
     11.2.  Reason . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  14
     11.3.  Modified . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  14
     11.4.  Sub-State  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  15
   12. New Parameter Values  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  15
     12.1.  Redefined VTODO Participant Status . . . . . . . . . . .  16
   13. New Properties  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  16
     13.1.  Estimated Duration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  16
     13.2.  Task Mode  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  17
   14. Property Extensions and Clarifications  . . . . . . . . . . .  18
     14.1.  The ATTENDEE property  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  18
     14.2.  Redefined COMMENT Property Parameter List  . . . . . . .  19
     14.3.  Redefined STATUS Property  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  19
   15. CalDAV Support for Task Mode  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  20
     15.1.  CALDAV:supported-task-mode-set Property  . . . . . . . .  21
   16. Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  22
   17. IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  22
     17.1.  Initialization of the Status registry  . . . . . . . . .  22
     17.2.  Update of the Status registry  . . . . . . . . . . . . .  22
     17.3.  Sub-State value registry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  23
     17.4.  Task Mode value registry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  23



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     17.5.  Participation Statuses registry  . . . . . . . . . . . .  24
     17.6.  Properties registry  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  24
     17.7.  Parameters registry  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  24
   18. Normative References  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  25
   19. Informative References  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  25
   Appendix A.  Examples of Task State Lifecycle . . . . . . . . . .  26
     A.1.  Simple Case Status Change . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  26
     A.2.  Example for multiple Attendees  . . . . . . . . . . . . .  27
     A.3.  Example of Failure  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  28
   Appendix B.  Change log . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  29
   Appendix C.  Working Notes  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  29
     C.1.  Advertising tasks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  29
     C.2.  Subscribing to task updates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  29
   Authors' Addresses  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  30

1.  Acknowledgements

   The authors would like to thank the members of the Calendaring and
   Scheduling Consortium technical committees and the following
   individuals for contributing their ideas, support and comments:

   John Chaffee, Marten Gajda, Ken Murchison

   The authors would also like to thank CalConnect, the Calendaring and
   Scheduling Consortium, for advice with this specification.

2.  Introduction

   This document specifies extensions to the existing Internet
   Calendaring and Scheduling Core Object Specification (iCalendar)
   [RFC5545], and associated protocols, in order to enhance the
   structured communication and execution of tasks.  The enhancements
   allow for the communication, time planning and scheduling of tasks by
   and between automated systems (e.g. in smart power grids, business
   process management systems) as well as for human centered tasks.

   A "task" is a representation of an item of work assigned to an
   individual or organization.  In the iCalendar Object Model [RFC5545]
   the representation of tasks is by "VTODO" calendar components.  Tasks
   can be identified in a number of situations, either informally as ad-
   hoc tasks in personal "to-do" lists or more formally in:

   *  Business processes - ranging from repetitive workflows to adaptive
      cases and trouble ticketing

   *  Project Management - whether for large scale construction projects
      or collaborative software development




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   The extensions specified here are defined in the context of an
   overall architecture for task calendaring and scheduling.

2.1.  Terms and Definitions

   The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
   "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "NOT RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and
   "OPTIONAL" in this document are to be interpreted as described in BCP
   14 [RFC2119] [RFC8174] when, and only when, they appear in all
   capitals, as shown here.

   Terms defined in this specification include:

   Assignee  A calendar user assigned to perform a given task.  An
      assignee is equivalent to an attendee of an event.

   Calendar User (CU)  A person or software system that accesses or
      modifies calendar information.

   Calendar User Agent (CUA)  This may be

      1.  Software with which the calendar user communicates with a
          calendar service or local calendar store to access calendar
          information.

      2.  Software that gathers calendar data on the Calendar User's
          behalf.

   Candidate  A calendar user who might be able to perform a given task,
      prior to actually being assigned the task, e.g., a dispatcher has
      a list of taxi drivers (candidates) from which one will be
      selected to pick-up a passenger.

   Organizer  A calendar user who creates a calendar item, requests
      free/busy information, or published free/busy information.  It is
      an Organizer who invites Attendees [RFC5545].

   Observer  A calendar user interested in a calendar component, e.g., a
      manager may have interest in all tasks that have not been
      completed.

   Resource  A resource in the scheduling context is any shared entity
      that can be scheduled by a calendar user, but does not control its
      own attendance status.  Resources can be of "Location",
      "Equipment", or "Role" type.

   Task  A representation of an item of work that can be assigned to one
      or more task actor assignees.  In [RFC5545], these are "VTODO"



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      calendar components, which are groupings of component properties
      and possibly "VALARM" calendar components that represent an
      action-item or assignment.

3.  Task Architecture

   A reference architecture for task calendaring and scheduling is
   defined in order to identify the key logical elements involved in
   task management and the interfaces between them to enable
   interoperability.  The logical elements identified here establish an
   appropriate separation of concerns and clarify the responsibilities
   of different elements.  However, the architecture does not prescribe
   a binding or packaging of elements, i.e., software systems may be
   developed where some elements are tightly bound and the interfaces
   between bound elements are not exposed.  The task architecture is
   also described in [TARCH].



































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     Task        +-------+
     Trigger             |
   +---------------------V---------------------+    +-----------+
   |           Task Generating System          |    |           |
   |        +-------------------------+        |    |           |
   |        |            O            |        |    |           |
   |        |           /|\           |        |    |           |
   |        |           / \           |        |    |           |
   |        |      Task Organizer     |        <---->           |
   |        +-^--------^--------------+        |    |           |
   |          |        |                       |    |           |
   | +--------V-+ +----V-----+    +----------+ |    |           |
   | |   Task   | | Process  |    |   Task   | |    |           |
   | |Assignment| |  Logic   <---->  Domain  | |    |           |
   | |  Rules   | |          |    |   Data   | |    |           |
   | +----------+ +----------+    +----------+ |    |           |
   |                                           |    |           |
   +------^----------+-----^-------------------+    |           |
          |          |     |                        |           |
     Availability  Task   Task                      |           |
          |          |   Status                     |           |
          |          |     |                        |           |
   +------v----------v-----+-------------------+    |           |
   |      Calendar and Scheduling System       |    | Directory |
   | +---------+  +---------+                  |    |  Service  |
   | |         |  |  Task   |                  <---->           |
   | |Schedule |  |  Lists  |                  |    |           |
   | |         |  |         |                  |    |           |
   | +---------+  +---------+      Server      |    |           |
   +-------------------------------------------+    |           |
   |                               Client      |    |           |
   | +----------------------+    +-----------+ |    |           |
   | |       Calendar       |    |   Task    | |    |           |
   | |      User Agent      +----> Specific  | <---->           |
   | |                      |    |Application| |    |           |
   | +----------------------+    +-----------+ |    |           |
   |                                           |    |           |
   +-----^---------^--------+---------+--------+    |           |
         |         |        |         |             |           |
   +-----V---------V--------V---------V--------+    |           |
   |                Task Actors                |    |           |
   |     O         O        O         O        |    |           |
   |    /|\       /|\      /|\       /|\       +---->           |
   |    / \       / \      / \       / \       |    |           |
   |          Candidate(s)        Observer(s)  |    |           |
   | Assignee(s)       Resource(s)             |    |           |
   +-------------------------------------------+    +-----------+




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4.  Task Architecture Elements

   The following logical elements form the task architecture that this
   specification is based on:

   Task Actors  Various calendar users that may be involved in the
      monitoring or performing of a task.  The set of actors includes:
      Organizers, Observers, Resources, Assignees, and Candidates.

   Task Organizer  The Organizer of a task.

   Task Domain Data  This is any domain specific data that may be acted
      on or provides context to it in performing a task.

   Task Specific Application  A task specific application renders the
      data concerning the task (including task domain data) for
      presentation and manipulation by a task actor.

   Process Logic  Determines under what conditions a task (or tasks) is
      generated and the actions to take on completion, or some other
      status event occurring (or not) on the task.

   Task Trigger  This is some event that gives rise to the generation of
      a task according to Process Logic.  Task triggers can come from
      many different sources including, for example; a task being
      requested through the calendaring system, a status change in the
      progression of a business process being managed by a business
      process management or ERP system.

   Task Assignment Rules  Govern how actors are assigned to a task.  A
      range of different assignment patterns [WfRP] may be considered,
      including the two general cases:

      1.  Delegation to a named actor or group of actors

      2.  Advertising to a pool of actors for self-selection

      In either case the assignment may be made based on a variety of
      criteria including, name, availability, skills, capacity, etc.

   Task Generating System  A system that creates and assigns tasks in
      response to some initiating event (task trigger).  Task creation
      is according to Process Logic with task assignment determined by
      Task Assignment Rules.  This system also tracks the status of
      tasks and will initiate further actions based upon the status.  A
      task generating system can take many forms, for example; Business
      Process Management System, Project Management System, Bug Tracking
      System, Building Control System.  A Task Generating System may



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      also be a human.  In iCalendar terms the Task Generating System is
      the organizer.

   Human Task Generation  Task creation, assignment and tracking
      coordinated by a human organizer is a special case of a task
      generating system.  In this case Task Assignment Rules and Process
      Logic may be either explicit or tacit.

   Directory Service  A software system that stores and provides access
      to information providing details of task actors that may
      participate or be interested in a task.

   Calendar and Scheduling System  A software system that stores,
      publishes and synchronizes calendar data such as events, tasks and
      journal entries for actors.  In the context of tasks this includes
      schedules (i.e. allocated time and availability to perform tasks)
      and task lists.  A calendar and scheduling system typically
      consists of server and client software components.

   It is not within the scope of this document to specify how Process
   Logic or Task Assignment Rules are codified.  Such logic and rules
   may be codified in a variety of ways, including traditional
   programming languages (e.g.  C++, Java) or process modelling
   languages (e.g.  BPMN [BPMN]).

5.  Architecture Foundations

   The key standards that enable interoperability between the logical
   elements of the architecture are the Internet Calendaring and
   Scheduling Core Object Specification (iCalendar) [RFC5545] and
   associated protocols.  Task and task status are represented by the
   iCalendar "VTODO" component.  Protocols include, in particular, the
   iCalendar Transport-Independent Interoperability Protocol (iTIP)
   [RFC5546] for task assignment and scheduling, and Calendaring
   Extensions to WebDAV (CalDAV) [RFC4791] for client server
   communication.

   Additionally, this specification uses definitions from Support for
   iCalendar Relationships [I-D.ietf-calext-ical-relations].  The LINK,
   REFID, RELATED-TO and CONCEPT properties enable context and a rich
   set of relationships between tasks and other iCalendar components to
   be specified.

6.  Task Extensions

   In order to support the task architecture described in Section 3,
   this document defines a number of extensions to the current iCalendar
   standards in the areas of:



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   Task Specification  improved ability to specify domain specific tasks

   Task Deadlines, Milestones and Time Planning  clarification of
      deadlines and extension for task duration to support task time
      planning

   Task Scheduling and Assignment  ensure support for common pattens of
      scheduling and assigning tasks

   Task Status Tracking  improved granularity in status tracking
      information and alerting task actors to pending or actual task
      status changes

   These extensions are supported mainly by additions to the properties
   and parameters used within the "VTODO" component.

7.  Task Specification

   The specification of tasks must be semantically explicit in order for
   them to be managed within the context of a business process or
   project, and be understood by both humans and IT systems.  The
   current VTODO component only provides for simple ad-hoc tasks or 'to
   do' lists, and is therefore extended by this specification as
   follows:

   Task type  explicitly what type of task is to be performed is
      identified.

   Task context and relationships  how a specific task relates to other
      tasks and other objects that need to be understood for the
      effective execution of a task.

   Task specific data  the form and content of domain data provided as
      input to a task and/or that may be output from a task.

   Organizer and attendee  recognizes that a task organizer or attendee
      can be an automated system.

7.1.  CONCEPT for task type identification

   The CONCEPT property is used to identify the type of task, for
   example;

   CONCEPT:http://example.com/task/delivery







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7.2.  Task Context and Relationships

   The LINK property specifies a link to external information, which may
   be context to the task.  For example:

   LINK;REL=SOURCE:http://example.com/package/1234567890

   LINK;REL=describedby:mid:752142.1414823874.307E5@mx123.example.com

   The external information may be data to be manipulated in performing
   the task.  See section 3.1.3 Task Domain Data Handling.

   REFID is used to identify a key allowing the association of tasks
   that are related to the same object and retrieval of a task based on
   this key.  This may be, for example, to identify the tasks associated
   with a given project without having to communicate the task structure
   of the project, or all tasks associated to a specific package.

   REFID:Manhattan

   REFID:1234567890

   Extensions [Doug114] to the RELATED-TO property allow temporal
   relationships between tasks as found in project management to be
   specified as well as parent / child relationships and dependencies
   (DEPENDS-ON).  Tasks (VTODOs) may also be related to other calendar
   components; for example to a VEVENT to block time to perform a task.

7.3.  Task Domain Data Handling

   Provide support for task specific input and output data (including
   updates) beyond the standard iCalendar properties.  It is envisaged
   that standard calendar user agents will be able to launch task
   specific applications by passing task specific data.

   The LINK property can be used to 'attach' the domain specific data to
   the task.  For example, it might be a URI pointing to a web page
   where the status of the task can be directly manipulated.

   LINK;REL="vacation-system";VALUE=URI:http://example.com/
   vacation-approval?id=1234

   Or it might be used for attachments specific to the task, for example
   an electronic copy of a signature taken to confirm delivery of a
   package.

   LINK;REL="electronic-signature";VALUE=URI:http://example.com/
   delivery/sig1234.jpg



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8.  Task Deadlines, Milestones and Time Planning

   Deadlines for starting and finishing a task are defined by the
   DTSTART, DUE and DURATION properties.  DTSTART represents the
   earliest start time for beginning work on a task.  DUE, or DTSTART +
   DURATION represent the latest finish time for a task.  Thus these
   properties define a "window" within which a task has to be performed.
   However, there is currently no way to indicate how long the task is
   expected to take.  This document defines a new property, ESTIMATED-
   DURATION, to allow the estimated time that a task should take to be
   specified separately from the deadlines for starting and finishing a
   task.  This supports time planning by enabling calendar user agents
   to display when tasks should occur and therefore allow calendar users
   to visualize when tasks should be performed and allocate time to
   them.

   A task that has intermediary deadlines (i.e., milestones) SHOULD be
   expressed by child VTODO components (i.e., sub-tasks associated with
   each of the milestones) in conjunction with the RELATED-TO property
   to relate the parent and child tasks.

9.  Task Scheduling and Assignment

   This specification supports the two distinct models of assigning
   actors to tasks, i.e., 1) strictly one assignee per task or 2) task
   assignment to multiple assignees.  In this regard one or many
   ATTENDEES may be specified against a task depending upon the model
   applied by the task organizer.

   In addition a number of different patterns of resource or assignee
   identification are anticipated.  The specific Task Assignment Rules
   are the responsibility of the Task Organizer.

   Communication of task assignment or delegation to one or more actors
   who are allocated to a task by the organizer is directly supported by
   iTIP, i.e., all included ATTENDEES in an iTIP REQUEST are expected to
   perform the task.

   The offering or advertising of a task to one or more (potential)
   actors where only one or a subset of the candidates may accept the
   task will be addressed by a new VPOLL mode (See Appendix B) [VPOLL].

10.  Status Reporting








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10.1.  Improved granularity in status reporting information

   This document defines new status parameters that can be applied to
   the VTODO status (STATUS) property, as well as the participant status
   (PARTSTAT) parameter.  These new parameters provide additional
   information on why (REASON) and when (MODIFIED) a status has changed.
   In addition to these parameters new status values are specified to
   provide for task suspension, failure and preparation.

10.2.  Relating comments to status

   The GROUP parameter is used with the STATUS or ATTENDEE properties to
   relate an associated COMMENT property.  The COMMENT property can then
   be used to include additional human readable information about why
   the associated STATUS or ATTENDEE property changed.

   STATUS;REASON="http://example.com/reason/delivery-failed";
    SUBSTATE=ERROR;MODIFIED=20130212T120000Z;GROUP=G1:FAILED
   COMMENT;MODIFIED=20130226T110451Z;GROUP=G1:Breakdown
   ATTENDEE;PARTSTAT=FAILED;MODIFIED=20130226T1104510Z;GROUP=G2:
   REASON="http://example.com/reason/van-break-down":
    mailto:xxx@example.com
   COMMENT;MODIFIED=20130226T110451Z;GROUP=G2:Puncture

10.3.  Comments associated to reasons and status changes

   Reasons may be associated directly with a comment, allowing for
   multiple reasons associated with a status to each have a comment
   associated with them [EDISTS].

   CONCEPT:http://example.com/task/delivery
   STATUS;SUBSTATE=ERROR;MODIFIED=20130212T120000Z;GROUP=G1:FAILED
   COMMENT;MODIFIED=20130226T110451Z;GROUP=G1:Out of time
   COMMENT;REASON="http://example.com/reason/traffic";
    MODIFIED=20130226T110451Z;GROUP=G1:Traffic Accident on E44
   COMMENT;REASON="http://example.com/reason/closed";
    MODIFIED=20130226T110451Z;GROUP=G1:Arrived after office hours

10.4.  Task Alerts and Notifications

   Different needs to alert or notify task actors of pending or actual
   task status changes are recognized:

   Alarms  Alarms (VLARM components) operate in the calendar user agent
      space to notify the task actor of a pending task state for a task
      they are assigned to or are interested in.  Note: there is no
      constraint in the current standards on the propagation of alarms




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      specified on calendar objects by organizers to individual
      attendees.

   Escalations  An escalation or notification to the ATTENDEE,
      ORGANIZER, or other task actor may be required if a deadline
      associated with a task is exceeded or for some other reason.
      Process Logic identifying when and who to propagate escalations to
      is the responsibility of the Task Generating System, e.g., a BPMS.

   Notifications  Task actors (observers) not directly involved in
      performing a task but with a known interest in a given task's
      status can be identified by the ASSOCIATE property [Doug214]
      against certain components e.g.  ALARM, to identify which task
      events the stakeholder/party is interested in.  Notifications on
      shared calendars will allow task actors to register an interest in
      changes to tasks within a calendar (see Appendix A).

10.5.  Automated Status Changes

   A new property, TASK-MODE, is introduced to instruct servers to apply
   automated operations for changing the status of a task.

11.  New Property Parameters

11.1.  Group

   Parameter name  GROUP

   Purpose  This parameter allows the association of different (usually)
      multiply occurring properties.

   Format Definition  This parameter is defined by the following
      notation:

   groupparam       = "GROUP" "=" text
                      *("," text)

   Description  The value of this parameter is free-form text that
      creates an identifier for associated properties.  All properties
      that use the same GROUP value are associated through that value.
      For example, multiple comments and an attendee may be associated
      with a status value.

   Example  The following is an example of this property.

   GROUP=G1





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11.2.  Reason

   Parameter name  REASON

   Purpose  To indicate the reason for a change in status of a task or
      attendee participation status.

   Format Definition  This parameter is defined by the following
      notation:

   reasonparam      = "REASON" "=" DQUOTE uri DQUOTE
                      *("," DQUOTE uri DQUOTE)

   Description  This property parameter allows the change in status of a
      task or participant status to be qualified by the reason for the
      change with a codified reason.  Typically reasons are defined
      within the context of the task type and therefore SHOULD include
      the name-space of the authority defining the task.  Common reason
      codes are IANA registered and do not have a name-space prefix.

   Example  

   STATUS;REASON="http://example.com/reason/delivered-on-time";
   MODIFIED=20130212T120000Z;GROUP=G1:COMPLETED
   ATTENDEE;REASON="x-example-reason:out-of-office";
    PARTSTAT=DECLINED;MODIFIED=20130212T120000Z;
    GROUP=123:mailto:cyrus@example.com

11.3.  Modified

   Parameter name  MODIFIED

   Purpose  To specify the time and date of when the status of a task or
      attendee participant status changed.

   Format Definition  This parameter is defined by the following
      notation:

   modifiedparam    = "MODIFIED" "=" date-time

   Description  The modified parameter allows the specification of the
      date time of when a status (STATUS) or participant status
      (PARTSTAT) changed.  It MUST be specified in the UTC time format.
      The value of MODIFIED SHOULD be set at the time when the
      associated status (either STATUS or PARTSTAT)is changed.
      Therefore either a client or server may set the value of MODIFIED
      depending on which is updating the value of STATUS or PARTSTAT.
      For backwards compatibility if the server detects that MODIFIED



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      should have changed but wasn't (for example the client doesn't
      support MODIFIED) then the server MAY set MODIFIED
      retrospectively.

   Example  

   STATUS;REASON=""http://example.com/reason/delivered-on-time";
    MODIFIED=20130212T120000Z;GROUP=G1:COMPLETED

11.4.  Sub-State

   Parameter name  SUBSTATE

   Purpose  To provide additional granularity of task status for e.g.
      IN-PROCESS.

   Format Definition  This parameter is defined by the following
      notation:

   substateparam    = "SUBSTATE" "="
                       ( "OK"        ; everything is fine(the default)
                       / "ERROR"     ; something is wrong (the REASON
                       ; code explains why)
                       / "SUSPENDED" ; waiting on some other task to
                       ; complete or availability of a
                       ; resource (REASON code explains
                       ; why)
                       / x-name      ; Experimental type
                       / iana-token) ; Other IANA-registered type

   Description  The sub-state parameter allows additional qualification
      and granularity of states to be recorded, in particular for the
      IN-PROCESS state.  It allows individual sub-states to be recorded
      without the need to define and publish a sub-task associated with
      a parent task purely to track that a particular state has been
      reached.  This property also allows parallel states to be
      expressed e.g. that a task has been suspended at whatever state it
      has reached.

   Example  

   STATUS;REASON="http://example.com/reason/no-one-home";
    SUBSTATE=ERROR:FAILED
   STATUS;REASON="http://example.com/reason/paint-drying";
    SUBSTATE=SUSPENDED:IN-PROCESS

12.  New Parameter Values




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12.1.  Redefined VTODO Participant Status

   Participant status parameter type values are defined in [RFC5545].
   This specification redefines that type to include the new value
   FAILED for VTODO iCalendar components.

   Format Definition  This property parameter is extended by the
      following notation:

   partstat-todo    /= *("FAILED")  ; To-do cannot be completed

   Example  

   ATTENDEE;REASON="http://example.com/reason/not-enough-time";
    PARTSTAT=FAILED:mailto:jsmith@example.com

13.  New Properties

13.1.  Estimated Duration

   Property Name  ESTIMATED-DURATION

   Purpose  This property specifies the estimated positive duration of
      time the corresponding task will take to complete.

   Value Type  DURATION

   Property Parameters  IANA and non-standard property parameters can be
      specified on this property.

   Conformance  This property can be specified in "VTODO" calendar
      components.

   Format Definition  This property is defined by the following
      notation:

   est-duration  = "ESTIMATED-DURATION" durparam ":" dur-value CRLF
                   ;consisting of a positive duration of time.

   durparam      = *(";" other-param)

   Description  In a "VTODO" calendar component the property MAY be used
      to specify the estimated duration for the to-do, with or without
      an explicit time window in which the event should be started and
      completed.  When present, DTSTART and DUE/DURATION represent the
      window in which the task can be performed.  ESTIMATED-DURATION
      SHOULD be passed from ORGANIZER to ATTENDEE in iTIP [RFC5546]
      messages.



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   Example  The following is an example of this property that specifies
      an interval of time of exactly one hour:

   ESTIMATED-DURATION:PT1H

13.2.  Task Mode

   Property Name  TASK-MODE

   Purpose  This property specifies automatic operations that servers
      apply to tasks based on changes in attendee status (PARTSTAT).

   Value Type  TEXT

   Property Parameters  IANA and non-standard property parameters can be
      specified on this property.

   Conformance  This property can be specified zero or more times in a
      "VTODO" calendar component.

   Format Definition  This property is defined by the following
      notation:

   task-mode   = "TASK-MODE taskmodeparam ":" taskvalue
                 *("," taskvalue) CRLF

   taskvalue   = "AUTOMATIC-COMPLETION" ; set STATUS completed
                   ;if all attendees have completed
                   / "AUTOMATIC-FAILURE"
                   / "SERVER"
                   / "CLIENT"
                   / iana-token
                   / x-name

   taskmodeparam      = *(";" other-param)

   Description  In a "VTODO" calendar component this property MAY be
      used to indicate to servers how they can automatically change the
      state of the task based on iTIP replies from Attendees.  For
      example, the server can automatically set the overall task status
      (STATUS) to COMPLETED when every attendee has marked their own
      status (PARTSTAT) as COMPLETED, or the server could mark the task
      as FAILED if its DUE date passes without it being completed.
      TASK-MODE processing is performed on the organizer's copy of the
      task.

   The property value is a list of one or more IANA registered tokens
   that defines modes to be used for the task.  This specification



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   defines three modes which are described in the following sub-
   sections.

   Examples  

   TASK-MODE:AUTOMATIC-COMPLETION,AUTOMATIC-FAILURE
   TASK-MODE:SERVER
   TASK-MODE:AUTOMATIC-FAILURE

   AUTOMATIC-COMPLETION Task Mode  The task mode value "AUTOMATIC-
      COMPLETION" indicates to the server that it can change the "VTODO"
      component's STATUS property value to "COMPLETED" as soon as all
      ATTENDEEs in the task have replied with a "PARTSTAT" parameter set
      to "COMPLETED".

   AUTOMATIC-FAILURE Task Mode  The task mode value "AUTOMATIC-FAILURE"
      indicates to the server that it SHOULD change the "VTODO"
      component's STATUS property value to "FAILED" if either:

      *  the PARTSTAT of one ATTENDEE is set to FAILED; or

      *  the current time is past the effective due date of the
         component and the task has not yet been completed.

   Note: The effective due date is either the "DUE" property value or
   the combination of the "DTSTART" and "DURATION" property values.

   CLIENT Task Mode  The task mode value "CLIENT" is an instruction to
      the server to honour the status set by the client.

   SERVER Task Mode  The task mode value "SERVER" indicates to the
      server that it can change the "VTODO" component's STATUS property
      value to an appropriate value, based on implementation defined
      "business rules", as ATTENDEE responses are processed or as
      deadlines related to the task pass.

      The server can add this property to a "VTODO" component to
      indicate to the client that it will be managing the status.

14.  Property Extensions and Clarifications

14.1.  The ATTENDEE property

   The Attendee property is defined in [RFC5545].  This specification
   extends that property to include new parameters to indicate the
   reason for a participant status change (See Appendix A) and sub-
   states.




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   Format Definition  This property is defined by the following
      notation:

   attendee   = "ATTENDEE" attparam ":" cal-address CRLF

   attparam   /= *(
                   ;
                   ; The following are OPTIONAL,
                   ; but MUST NOT occur more than once.
                   ;
                   (";" reasonparam)
                   (";" modifiedparam)
                   (";" substateparam)
                   )

   Example: The following are examples of this property's use for tasks:

   ATTENDEE;PARTSTAT=DECLINED;MODIFIED=20130212T120000Z;GROUP=G1;
    REASON="http://example.com/reason/too-busy":mailto:xxx@example.com

   ATTENDEE;PARTSTAT=IN-PROCESS;MODIFIED=20130212T120000Z;
    SUBSTATE=X-EXAMPLE-STEP-1:mailto:xxx@example.com

14.2.  Redefined COMMENT Property Parameter List

   The Comment property is defined in [RFC5545].

   Format Definition  The "COMMENT" property parameter list is augmented
      as follows:

   commparam    /= *(
                   ; The following are OPTIONAL,
                   ; but MUST NOT occur more than once.
                   (";" reasonparam) /
                   (";" modifiedparam)
                   )

14.3.  Redefined STATUS Property

   The Status property is defined in [RFC5545].  This specification
   extends that property to include new parameters to indicate the
   reason for a status change as well as new values associated with
   VTODO iCalendar components (See Appendix A for examples of the task
   state lifecycle).

   Format Definition  The "STATUS" property parameter list is augmented
      as follows:




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   statparam      /= *(
                       ; The following are OPTIONAL,
                       ; but MUST NOT occur more than once.
                       ;
                       (";" reasonparam)
                       (";" modifiedparam)
                       (";" substateparam) /
                       )

   statvalue-todo = / "PENDING"    ;Indicates a to-do has been
                   ;created and accepted, but has not
                   ;yet started.
                   / "FAILED"       ;Indicates to-do has failed.
                   ;Extended status values for
                   ;"VTODO".

   Description:

   PENDING - A task has been created but has not yet started and is
   ready to start subject to other dependencies (e.g. preceding task or
   DTSTART).  This is the default state.

   FAILED - task has failed and may need some follow-up from the
   organizer to re-schedule or cancel

   Example: The following is an example of this property for a "VTODO"
   calendar component:

   STATUS;REASON="http://example.com/reason/delivery-failed";
    SUBSTATE=ERROR;MODIFIED=20130212T120000Z;GROUP=G1:FAILED

15.  CalDAV Support for Task Mode

   The CalDAV [RFC4791] calendar access protocol allows clients and
   servers to exchange iCalendar data.  With the introduction of the
   "TASK-MODE" property in this specification, different automated task
   management behaviours may be delegated to the server by the Task
   Organizer depending upon the value of "TASK-MODE".

   In order for a CalDAV client to know what task modes are available, a
   CalDAV server advertises a CALDAV:supported-task-mode-set WebDAV
   property on calendar home or calendar collections if it supports the
   use of the "TASK-MODE" property as described in this specification.
   The server can advertise a specific set of supported task modes by
   including one or more CALDAV:supported-task-mode XML elements within
   the CALDAV:supported-task-mode-set XML element.  If no
   CALDAV:supported-task-mode XML elements are included in the WebDAV




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   property, then clients can try any task mode, but need to be prepared
   for a failure when attempting to store the calendar data.

   Clients MUST NOT attempt to store iCalendar data containing "TASK-
   MODE" elements if the CALDAV:supported-task-mode-set WebDAV property
   is not advertised by the server.

   The server SHOULD return an HTTP 403 response with a DAV:error
   element containing a CALDAV:supported-task-mode XML element, if a
   client attempts to store iCalendar data with an "TASK-MODE" element
   value not supported by the server.

   It is possible for a "TASK-MODE" value to be present in calendar data
   on the server being accessed by a client that does not support the
   "TASK-MODE" property.  It is expected that existing clients, unaware
   of "TASK-MODE", will fail gracefully by ignoring the calendar
   property.

15.1.  CALDAV:supported-task-mode-set Property

   Name  supported-task-mode-set

   Namespace  urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:caldav

   Purpose  Enumerates the set of supported iCalendar "TASK-MODE"
      element values supported by the server.

   Protected  This property MUST be protected and SHOULD NOT be returned
      by a PROPFIND allprop request (as defined in Section 14.2 of
      [RFC4918]).

   Description  See above.

   Definition  

   <!ELEMENT supported-task-mode-set(supported-task-mode*)>
   <!ELEMENT supported-task-mode (#PCDATA)>
   <!-- PCDATA value: string - case insensitive but
   uppercase preferred -->

   Example  

   <C:supported-task-mode-set xmlns:C="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:caldav">
     <C:supported-task-mode>AUTOMATIC-COMPLETION</C:supported-task-mode>
     <C:supported-task-mode>AUTOMATIC-FAILURE</C:supported-task-mode>
     <C:supported-task-mode>SERVER</C:supported-task-mode>
     <C:supported-task-mode>CLIENT</C:supported-task-mode>
   </C:supported-task-mode-set>



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16.  Security Considerations

   This specification introduces no new security considerations beyond
   those identified in [RFC5545].

17.  IANA Considerations

17.1.  Initialization of the Status registry

   This specification updates [RFC5545] by adding a Status value
   registry to the iCalendar Elements registry and initializing it as
   per [RFC5545].

                  +--------------+---------+-----------+
                  | Name         | Status  | Reference |
                  +==============+=========+===========+
                  | CANCELLED    | Current | [RFC5545] |
                  +--------------+---------+-----------+
                  | COMPLETED    | Current | [RFC5545] |
                  +--------------+---------+-----------+
                  | CONFIRMED    | Current | [RFC5545] |
                  +--------------+---------+-----------+
                  | DRAFT        | Current | [RFC5545] |
                  +--------------+---------+-----------+
                  | FINAL        | Current | [RFC5545] |
                  +--------------+---------+-----------+
                  | IN-PROCESS   | Current | [RFC5545] |
                  +--------------+---------+-----------+
                  | NEEDS-ACTION | Current | [RFC5545] |
                  +--------------+---------+-----------+
                  | TENTATIVE    | Current | [RFC5545] |
                  +--------------+---------+-----------+

                  Table 1: Initial Status Value Registry

17.2.  Update of the Status registry

   This specification further updates the Status registry with
   additional values defined in this document.












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              +---------+---------+-------------------------+
              | Value   | Status  | Reference               |
              +=========+=========+=========================+
              | PENDING | Current | This Spec, Section 14.3 |
              +---------+---------+-------------------------+
              | FAILED  | Current | This Spec, Section 14.3 |
              +---------+---------+-------------------------+

                   Table 2: Updated Status Value Registry

17.3.  Sub-State value registry

   The following table has been used to initialize the Sub-State
   registry.

             +-----------+---------+-------------------------+
             | Substate  | Status  | Reference               |
             +===========+=========+=========================+
             | OK        | Current | This Spec, Section 11.4 |
             +-----------+---------+-------------------------+
             | ERROR     | Current | This Spec, Section 11.4 |
             +-----------+---------+-------------------------+
             | SUSPENDED | Current | This Spec, Section 11.4 |
             +-----------+---------+-------------------------+

                        Table 3: Sub-State registry

17.4.  Task Mode value registry

   The following table has been used to initialize the Task Mode
   registry.

       +----------------------+---------+-------------------------+
       | Task Mode            | Status  | Reference               |
       +======================+=========+=========================+
       | AUTOMATIC-COMPLETION | Current | This Spec, Section 13.2 |
       +----------------------+---------+-------------------------+
       | AUTOMATIC-FAILURE    | Current | This Spec, Section 13.2 |
       +----------------------+---------+-------------------------+
       | CLIENT               | Current | This Spec, Section 13.2 |
       +----------------------+---------+-------------------------+
       | SERVER               | Current | This Spec, Section 13.2 |
       +----------------------+---------+-------------------------+

                    Table 4: Task Mode Value Registry






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17.5.  Participation Statuses registry

   The following table has been used to update the Participation
   Statuses registry.

              +--------+---------+-------------------------+
              | Value  | Status  | Reference               |
              +========+=========+=========================+
              | FAILED | Current | This Spec, Section 12.1 |
              +--------+---------+-------------------------+

                 Table 5: Participation Statuses Registry

17.6.  Properties registry

   The following table has been used to update the Properties registry.

        +--------------------+---------+-------------------------+
        | Property           | Status  | Reference               |
        +====================+=========+=========================+
        | ATTENDEE           | Current | This Spec, Section 14.1 |
        +--------------------+---------+-------------------------+
        | COMMENT            | Current | This Spec, Section 14.2 |
        +--------------------+---------+-------------------------+
        | ESTIMATED_DURATION | Current | This Spec, Section 13.1 |
        +--------------------+---------+-------------------------+
        | STATUS             | Current | This Spec, Section 14.3 |
        +--------------------+---------+-------------------------+
        | TASK-MODE          | Current | This Spec, Section 13.2 |
        +--------------------+---------+-------------------------+

                   Table 6: Updated Properties Registry

17.7.  Parameters registry

   The following table has been used to update the Parameters registry.

             +-----------+---------+-------------------------+
             | Parameter | Status  | Reference               |
             +===========+=========+=========================+
             | REASON    | Current | This Spec, Section 11.2 |
             +-----------+---------+-------------------------+
             | MODIFIED  | Current | This Spec, Section 11.3 |
             +-----------+---------+-------------------------+
             | SUBSTATE  | Current | This Spec, Section 11.4 |
             +-----------+---------+-------------------------+

                    Table 7: Ipdated Parameters Registry



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18.  Normative References

   [RFC2119]  Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
              Requirement Levels", RFC 2119, IETF RFC 2119,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC2119, March 1997,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc2119>.

   [RFC4791]  Daboo, C., Desruisseaux, B., and L. Dusseault,
              "Calendaring Extensions to WebDAV (CalDAV)", RFC 4791,
              IETF RFC 4791, DOI 10.17487/RFC4791, March 2007,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc4791>.

   [RFC4918]  Dusseault, L., Ed., "HTTP Extensions for Web Distributed
              Authoring and Versioning (WebDAV)", RFC 4918, IETF RFC
              4918, DOI 10.17487/RFC4918, June 2007,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc4918>.

   [RFC5545]  Desruisseaux, B., Ed., "Internet Calendaring and
              Scheduling Core Object Specification (iCalendar)", RFC
              5545, IETF RFC 5545, DOI 10.17487/RFC5545, September 2009,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5545>.

   [RFC5546]  Daboo, C., Ed., "iCalendar Transport-Independent
              Interoperability Protocol (iTIP)", RFC 5546, IETF RFC
              5546, DOI 10.17487/RFC5546, December 2009,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5546>.

   [RFC8174]  Leiba, B., "Ambiguity of Uppercase vs Lowercase in RFC
              2119 Key Words", RFC 8174, IETF RFC 8174,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC8174, May 2017,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8174>.

   [I-D.ietf-calext-eventpub-extensions]
              Douglass, M., "Event Publishing Extensions to iCalendar",
              I-D.ietf-calext-eventpub-extensions, IETF I-D.ietf-calext-
              eventpub-extensions, March 2021.

   [I-D.ietf-calext-ical-relations]
              Douglass, M., "Support for iCalendar Relationships", I-
              D.ietf-calext-ical-relations, IETF I-D.ietf-calext-ical-
              relations, December 2020.

19.  Informative References

   [BPMN]     "Business Process Model and Notation", OMG BPMN 2.0.2,
              January 2014,
              <https://www.omg.org/spec/BPMN/2.0.2/About-BPMN/>.




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   [I-D.york-vpoll]
              York, E., Daboo, C., and M. Douglass, "VPOLL: Consensus
              Scheduling Component for iCalendar", I-D.york-vpoll,
              IETF I-D.york-vpoll, February 2017.

   [TARCH]    "Apthorp, A., Daboo, C., Douglass, M., CalConnect, Task
              Architecture V1.0,", CalConnect Task Architecture V1.0.

   [EDISTS]   "UN Economic Commission for Europe, UN/EDIFACT, D14.A, STS
              STATUS, April 30,
              2014,http://www.unece.org/fileadmin/DAM/trade/untdid/d14a/
              trsd/trsdsts.htm", UN/EDIFACT, D14.A.

   [WfRP]     "Russell, N., ter Hofstede, A.H.M., Edmond, T., van der
              Aalst,W.M.P., Workflow Resource Patterns, Eindhoven
              University of Technology, 2004,", WfRP.

   [WSCal]    "Considine, T., Douglass, M., WS-Calendar Version 1.0,
              OASIS, 30 July 2011,", OASIS WS-Calendar V1.0.

   [WSHT]     "Ings, D., Clement, L., Koenig, D., Mehta, V., Mueller,
              R., Rangaswamy, R., Rowley, M., Trickovic, I., Web
              Services - Human Task Version 1.1 (WS-HumanTask), OASIS,
              17 August 2010,", OASIS WS-HT V1.1.

Appendix A.  Examples of Task State Lifecycle

A.1.  Simple Case Status Change

      +---+--------------+--------------+---------------------------+
      |   | STATUS       | PARTSTAT     | Action                    |
      +===+==============+==============+===========================+
      | 1 | -            | -            | Organizer draft           |
      +---+--------------+--------------+---------------------------+
      | 2 | NEEDS-ACTION | NEEDS-ACTION | Organizer sends iTIP      |
      |   |              |              | request                   |
      +---+--------------+--------------+---------------------------+
      | 3 | NEEDS-ACTION | ACCEPTED     | Attendee reply            |
      +---+--------------+--------------+---------------------------+
      | 4 | PENDING      | ACCEPTED     | Task accepted but waiting |
      |   |              |              | on some "trigger" to      |
      |   |              |              | start (e.g. another task  |
      |   |              |              | has to finish first)      |
      +---+--------------+--------------+---------------------------+
      | 5 | IN-PROCESS   | IN-PROCESS   | Attendee reply now        |
      |   |              |              | working on the task       |
      +---+--------------+--------------+---------------------------+
      | 6 | IN-PROCESS   | COMPLETED    | Attendee reply completed  |



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      +---+--------------+--------------+---------------------------+
      | 7 | COMPLETED    | COMPLETED    | Organizer changes overall |
      |   |              |              | state                     |
      +---+--------------+--------------+---------------------------+

            Table 8: Example of status changes in assigning and
                    performing a task with one attendee.

A.2.  Example for multiple Attendees

   Example of status changes in assigning and performing a task with two
   attendees (A1 and A2).

   +----+--------------+--------------+--------------+----------------+
   |    | STATUS       | PARTSTAT     | PARTSTAT     | Action         |
   |    |              | (A1)         | (A2)         |                |
   +====+==============+==============+==============+================+
   | 1  | -            | -            | -            | Organizer      |
   |    |              |              |              | draft.         |
   +----+--------------+--------------+--------------+----------------+
   | 2  | NEEDS-ACTION | NEEDS-ACTION | NEEDS-ACTION | Organizer      |
   |    |              |              |              | sends iTIP     |
   |    |              |              |              | request.       |
   +----+--------------+--------------+--------------+----------------+
   | 4  | NEEDS-ACTION | ACCEPTED     | NEEDS-ACTION | Attendee 1     |
   |    |              |              |              | reply.         |
   +----+--------------+--------------+--------------+----------------+
   | 5  | NEEDS-ACTION | ACCEPTED     | ACCEPTED     | Attendee 2     |
   |    |              |              |              | reply.         |
   +----+--------------+--------------+--------------+----------------+
   | 6  | PENDING      | ACCEPTED     | ACCEPTED     | Task accepted  |
   |    |              |              |              | but waiting on |
   |    |              |              |              | some"trigger"  |
   |    |              |              |              | to start (e.g. |
   |    |              |              |              | another task   |
   |    |              |              |              | has to finish  |
   |    |              |              |              | first)         |
   +----+--------------+--------------+--------------+----------------+
   | 7  | IN-PROCESS   | ACCEPTED     | IN-PROCESS   | Attendee 2     |
   |    |              |              |              | reply now      |
   |    |              |              |              | working on the |
   |    |              |              |              | task.          |
   +----+--------------+--------------+--------------+----------------+
   | 8  | IN-PROCESS   | IN-PROCESS   | IN-PROCESS   | Attendee 1     |
   |    |              |              |              | reply now      |
   |    |              |              |              | working on the |
   |    |              |              |              | task.          |
   +----+--------------+--------------+--------------+----------------+



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   | 9  | IN-PROCESS   | COMPLETED    | IN-PROCESS   | Attendee 1     |
   |    |              |              |              | reply          |
   |    |              |              |              | Completed      |
   |    |              |              |              | (overall       |
   |    |              |              |              | status still   |
   |    |              |              |              | IN-PROCESS).   |
   +----+--------------+--------------+--------------+----------------+
   | 10 | IN-PROCESS   | COMPLETED    | COMPLETED    | Attendee 2     |
   |    |              |              |              | reply          |
   |    |              |              |              | Completed      |
   +----+--------------+--------------+--------------+----------------+
   | 11 | COMPLETED    | COMPLETED    | COMPLETED    | Organizer      |
   |    |              |              |              | changes        |
   |    |              |              |              | overall state  |
   |    |              |              |              | once both      |
   |    |              |              |              | attendees are  |
   |    |              |              |              | finished.      |
   +----+--------------+--------------+--------------+----------------+

                 Table 9: Example for multiple Attendees

   Note: The logic for determining the status change to the VTODO is
   determined by the task organizer based on the ATTENDEE status and
   other business logic.

A.3.  Example of Failure

   Example of status changes for a task that fails.

    +---+--------------+--------------+------------------------------+
    |   | STATUS       | PARTSTAT     | Action                       |
    +===+==============+==============+==============================+
    | 1 | -            | -            | Organizer draft              |
    +---+--------------+--------------+------------------------------+
    | 2 | NEEDS-ACTION | NEEDS-ACTION | Organizer sends iTIP request |
    +---+--------------+--------------+------------------------------+
    | 3 | NEEDS-ACTION | ACCEPTED     | Attendee reply               |
    +---+--------------+--------------+------------------------------+
    | 4 | IN-PROCESS   | IN-PROCESS   | Attendee reply now working   |
    |   |              |              | on the task                  |
    +---+--------------+--------------+------------------------------+
    | 5 | IN-PROCESS   | FAILED       | Attendee reply task failed   |
    +---+--------------+--------------+------------------------------+
    | 6 | FAILED       | FAILED       | Organizer changes overall    |
    |   |              |              | state                        |
    +---+--------------+--------------+------------------------------+

                       Table 10: Example of Failure



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Appendix B.  Change log

   V02. 2021-05-05 MD

   *  Redo in asciidoc

   *  Change STRUCTURED-CATEGORY to CONCEPT

   *  Add GROUP parameter definition

   V01. 2015-08-23 AA

   *  Highlighted use of ESTIMATED-DURATION for time planning.

   *  Corrected PARTSTAT example section 5.1.  Changed DECLINED to
      FAILED.

   *  Replaced Task Mode AUTOMATIC-STATUS with CLIENT and SERVER modes.
      Also, clarified that task mode processing is only done on the
      organizer's copy.

   *  Clarified responsibility for setting MODIFIED.

   *  CalDAV support added.

   *  Updated normative references.

Appendix C.  Working Notes

C.1.  Advertising tasks

   Use VPOLL for advertising a task to a pool of possible ATTENDEEs and
   then select the respondent to assign one or more assignees.

   Introduce POLL-MODE:ASSIGNMENT

   Need to indicate number of assignees required.

   Potentially different types of response e.g.  ACCEPT or DECLINE, or a
   weighting e.g. 0 - 100

   Take into FREEBUSY discussion.

C.2.  Subscribing to task updates

   Stakeholders should have the ability to subscribe to categories /
   types of tasks on an ongoing basis.  Reference calendarserver.org
   notifications draft



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Authors' Addresses

   Adrian Apthorp
   DHL Express

   Email: aapthorp@theiet.org


   Cyrus Daboo
   Apple Inc.

   Email: cyrus@daboo.name


   Michael Douglass
   Bedework Commercial Services

   Email: mdouglass@bedework.com

































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