GEOPRIV K. Wolf Internet-Draft A. Mayrhofer Expires: May 12, 2008 nic.at Nov 09, 2007 Civic Address Considerations for Austria draft-wolf-civicaddresses-austria-00 Status of this Memo By submitting this Internet-Draft, each author represents that any applicable patent or other IPR claims of which he or she is aware have been or will be disclosed, and any of which he or she becomes aware will be disclosed, in accordance with Section 6 of BCP 79. Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF), its areas, and its working groups. Note that other groups may also distribute working documents as Internet- Drafts. Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any time. It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference material or to cite them other than as "work in progress." The list of current Internet-Drafts can be accessed at http://www.ietf.org/ietf/1id-abstracts.txt. The list of Internet-Draft Shadow Directories can be accessed at http://www.ietf.org/shadow.html. This Internet-Draft will expire on May 12, 2008. Copyright Notice Copyright (C) The IETF Trust (2007). Abstract Providing civic address considerations for individual countries is proposed in RFC4119. This documents provides such considerations for Austria, and proposes a mapping of Austrian address elements to the PIDF Location Object (PIDF-LO). Wolf & Mayrhofer Expires May 12, 2008 [Page 1] Internet-Draft Austrian Civic Addresses Nov 2007 Table of Contents 1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 2. Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 3. Civic Addresses in Austria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 4. Sample Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 5. Address Codes in Austria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 6. Austrian Addresses in PIDF-LO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 6.1. Mapping Austrian Addresses to existing PIDF-LO elements . 9 6.2. Additional PIDF-LO elements for Austria . . . . . . . . . 11 6.3. PIDF-LO elements not to be used in Austria . . . . . . . . 12 6.4. Country Element . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 6.5. A1 Element . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 6.6. A2 Element . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 6.7. Additional Code Element . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 7. Location by Reference with the Austrian Address Code . . . . . 14 8. Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 9. Security & Privacy Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 10. IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 11. Acknowledgements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 12. References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 12.1. Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 12.2. Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Authors' Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Intellectual Property and Copyright Statements . . . . . . . . . . 18 Wolf & Mayrhofer Expires May 12, 2008 [Page 2] Internet-Draft Austrian Civic Addresses Nov 2007 1. Introduction The "Presence Information Data Format Location Object" (PIDF-LO) [2] is an an object format for carrying geographical information on the Internet. PIDF-LO can be used to carry civic address information, and supports a range of "civic address types" (CATypes) to describe individual attributes of an civic address (see Section 2.2.1 of RFC 4119). The list of CATypes is currently under revision (see Secion 3.1 of draft-ietf-geopriv-revised-civic-lo [8]. This document is based on the revised set of CATypes. The Austrian "Gebaeude- und Wohnungsregistergesetz" (building and habitation registry law) is the legal basis for the obligation to provide a registry of civic addresses, buildings and their usable units (subdivisions of buildings). The registry is operated by "Statistik Austria GmbH", a fully governmental owned company. Responsibility for keeping records in the registry up to date is an obligation to the local administration of the individual townships. The data format definition for the individual records is publicly available (data access itself is however restricted). Hence, an uniform address data base for whole Austria is available. Unfortunately, Austrian civic addresses use a much more complex format compared to civic addresses in PIDF-LO. A detailed description of the Austrian civic address data format is contained in section Section 3. A guideline of how to use PIDF-LO for Austrian addresses is necessary in order to avoid misinterpretations. This is especially important if the PIDF-LO is conveyed during an emergency call to a Public Safety Answering Point (PSAP). A precise location information is needed in case of emergency to send out responders without any delay to the correct location of the caller. If every data-provider uses its own address mapping to PIDF-LO, confusion and misunderstandings are bound to happen. However, ideally any PSAP should have full access to the data by Statistik Austria. PSAPs must be able to rely that location information is always provided the same way by all data-providers. To address the idiosyncrasies in Austria, the civic address elements are discussed subsequently. 2. Terminology The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this document are to be interpreted as described in RFC 2119 [1]. Wolf & Mayrhofer Expires May 12, 2008 [Page 3] Internet-Draft Austrian Civic Addresses Nov 2007 3. Civic Addresses in Austria Statistik Austria data describes estates, buildings and usable units [4]. On a single estate there may be any number of buildings. Apartment houses that have more than one staircase, are split up in separate buildings at every staircase. In every building, there may be several usable units. For example, an apartment house may have several apartments, counting as separate usable units. Moreover, one building may have more than one address, but at least one address. Below, the address elements for estates (Table 1), buildings (Table 2) and usable units (Table 3) are shown. Wolf & Mayrhofer Expires May 12, 2008 [Page 4] Internet-Draft Austrian Civic Addresses Nov 2007 +-------------------------+-----------------------------------------+ | Statistik Austria name | Explaination | +-------------------------+-----------------------------------------+ | Adresscode | address identifier | | | | | Gemeindename, | commune name and identifier | | Gemeindekennziffer | | | | | | Ortschaftsname, | village name and identifier | | Ortschaftskennziffer | | | | | | Strassenname, | street name and identifier | | Strassenkennziffer | | | | | | Katastralgemeindename, | commune subdivision name and identifier | | Katastralgemeindenummer | | | | | | Hausnummerntext | text in front of the house number | | | | | Hausnummer - 1. Teil - | first part of the house number, numeric | | Nummer | | | | | | Hausnummer - 1. Teil - | first part of the house number, | | Buchstabe | character | | | | | Hausnummer - | links first and Bis part of house | | Verbindungszeichen Teil | number | | 1 -> Bis | | | | | | Hausnummer - Bis-Nummer | number of bis part of house number | | | | | Hausnummer - | character of bis part of house number | | Bis-Buchstabe | | | | | | Hausnummernbereich | indicates if all house numbers | | | specified or just odd or even numbers | | | are stated | | | | | Grundstuecksnummer | estate identifier | | | | | Postleitzahl | postal code | | | | | Postleitzahlengebiet | postal community code | | | | | Vulgoname | local name | | | | | Hofname | farm name | +-------------------------+-----------------------------------------+ Wolf & Mayrhofer Expires May 12, 2008 [Page 5] Internet-Draft Austrian Civic Addresses Nov 2007 Table 1: Civic Address Elements for Estates +------------------------+------------------------------------------+ | Statistik Austria name | Explaination | +------------------------+------------------------------------------+ | Adressubcode | address subcode | | | | | Objektnummer | object code | | | | | Hausnummer - | links Bis and second part of house | | Verbindungszeichen | number | | Teil Bis -> Teil 2 | | | | | | Hausnummer - 2. Teil - | second part of the house number, numeric | | Nummer | | | | | | Hausnummer - 2. Teil - | second part of the house number, | | Buchstabe | character | | | | | Hausnummer - | links second and third part of house | | Verbindungszeichen | number | | Teil 2-> Teil 3 | | | | | | Hausnummer - 3. Teil - | third part of the house number, numeric | | Nummer | | | | | | Hausnummer - 3. Teil - | third part of the house number, | | Buchstabe | character | | | | | Gebaeudeunterscheidung | for differentiation of buildings, e.g. | | | Maierweg 27 Hotel vers. Maierweg 27 | | | Appartmenthaus | | | | +------------------------+------------------------------------------+ Table 2: Additional Civic Address Elements for Buildings Wolf & Mayrhofer Expires May 12, 2008 [Page 6] Internet-Draft Austrian Civic Addresses Nov 2007 +-----------------------------+-------------------------------------+ | Statistik Austria name | Explaination | +-----------------------------+-------------------------------------+ | Nutzungseinheitenlaufnummer | usable unit code | | | | | Tuernummer | door number | | | | | Topnummer | unit number | | | | | Lagebeschreibung | for verbal description | | | | | Lage | describes if the usable unit is in | | | the basement, mezzanine, attic | | | floor, ... (but not the floor | | | number) | | | | | Stockwerk | floor | | | | +-----------------------------+-------------------------------------+ Table 3: Additional Civic Address Elements for usable units Note: "Floors" in Austria (as in most parts of Europe) are counted differently compared to the US. The "1st floor" in Austria is actually the floor above the floor at street level (2nd floor in US), not considering the fact that in old buildings there might be even more floors between street level and 1st floor, like "mezzanine", "2nd mezzanine". So, an Austrian "1st floor" could well be the "4th floor" according to US nomenclature. According to Statistik Austria [3], 81.5% of Austrian addresses are of the simple type Musterstrasse 1 (Musterstrasse is an example street name). 5% of all addresses have an additional character, like Musterstrasse 1b. 1% of Austrian addresses look like Musterstrasse 21a-23a. For 8% of addresses, an additional separator is necessary, like Musterstrasse 10 Haus 1 Stiege 2 or Musterstrasse 20 Gruppe A Reihe 1 Parzelle 13 or Musterstrasse 30 Weg 1 Parzelle 10. Very seldom, there are so called special addresses (0.03%), for example Musterstrasse gegenueber 3a, meaning this address is actually vis-a- vis of house number 3a. Rather surprisingly, 4.47% of Austrian addresses contain the identifier of the estate since no house number is assigned at all, for example: Musterstrasse GNR 1234, or Musterstrasse GNR .12/4 Kirche (this type of addresses is common for churches) or a real example in Stockerau: Kolomaniwoerth GNR 1583. This identifier is stored by Statistik Austria as Hausnummerntext. Otherwise one could misinterpret this number as a house number, what would be definitely wrong. Wolf & Mayrhofer Expires May 12, 2008 [Page 7] Internet-Draft Austrian Civic Addresses Nov 2007 4. Sample Addresses In order to clarify the Austrian civic address format, this section provides some exemplary addresses: 1234 Musterstadt, Hauptstrasse 1a - 5a Block 1b Haus 2c Stiege 1 Postleitzahl: 1234 Stadt: Musterstadt Strasse: Hauptstrasse Hausnummer - 1. Teil - Nummer: 1 Hausnummer - 1. Teil - Buchstabe: a Hausnummer - Verbindungszeichen Teil 1 -> Bis: - Hausnummer - 2. Teil - Nummer: 5 Hausnummer - 2. Teil - Buchstabe: a Hausnummer - Verbindungszeichen Teil Bis -> Teil 2: Block Hausnummer - 2. Teil - Nummer: 1 Hausnummer - 2. Teil - Buchstabe: b Hausnummer - Verbindungszeichen Teil 2-> Teil 3: Haus Hausnummer - 3. Teil - Nummer: 2 Hausnummer - 3. Teil - Buchstabe: c Gebaeudeunterscheidung: Stiege 1 1234 Musterstadt, Musterstrasse 13 Hotel Postleitzahl: 1234 Stadt: Musterstadt Strasse: Musterstrasse Hausnummer - 1. Teil - Nummer: 13 Gebaeudeunterscheidung: Hotel 6020 Innsbruck, Anichstrasse vor 35 Postleitzahl: 6020 Stadt: Innsbruck Strasse: Anichstrasse Hausnummerntext: vor ("in front of") Hausnummer: 35 6173 Oberperfuss, Riedl 3097 (Pfarrkirche) Postleitzahl: 6173 Stadt: Oberperfuss Strasse: Riedl Hausnummerntext: 3097 (since the estate identifier is 81305 3097 where 81305 is the Katastralgemeindenummer (commune subdivision name) and no house number is assigned) Vulgoname: Pfarrkirche Wolf & Mayrhofer Expires May 12, 2008 [Page 8] Internet-Draft Austrian Civic Addresses Nov 2007 5. Address Codes in Austria Statistik Austria registers 4 codes: Adresscode, Adresssubcode, Objektnummer and the Nutzungseinheitenlaufnummer. The Adresscode (7 digits) is a unique code for an address in Austria. The Adressregister maps the Adresscode to the civic address. If there is a building located at an address, there is also an Adresssubcode (3 digits) assigned. Every building at an address has its own Adresssubcode (assigned sequentially starting with 001, 002, 003 and so on) in order to distinguish between buildings at the same address. Furthermore, every building located in Austria has its own unique code, the Objektnummer (7 digits). This code identifies the building independent of the Adresscode. That's because addresses are subject to change while the building may persist. To differ multiple usable units inside a building, the Nutzungseinheitenlaufnummer (4 digits) is used. This code is also assigned in sequential order for each building. Besides, every address and building is geocoded by Statistik Austria. Hence, if every PIDF-LO location object would carry data in the format of Statistik Austria and every PSAP would use the database of Statistik Austria for mapping, a time saving, definite mapping without irregularities could be achieved. Besides these codes, Statistik Austria maintains reference numbers for communes, localities or streets, to mention just a few. 6. Austrian Addresses in PIDF-LO A good number of Austrian addresses do not fit into the PIDF-LO format, as described in the previous section. There are several options to map Austrian addresses to PIDF-LO. First, one could merge all the Austrian address fields to the existing PIDF-LO elements (by violating the intended purpose of the element and loss of precision). Another way is to define other civic address elements for use by Austrian addresses. An unacceptable option would be to just omit all the address data that does not fit into PIDF-LO. However, that certainly causes wrong addresses (instead of Hauptstrasse 1a - 5a Block 1b Haus 2c Stiege 1 just Hauptstrasse 1a). 6.1. Mapping Austrian Addresses to existing PIDF-LO elements First, there are some common data elements, that can be mapped directly without any problems. The following elements are: Wolf & Mayrhofer Expires May 12, 2008 [Page 9] Internet-Draft Austrian Civic Addresses Nov 2007 country see Section 6.4 A1 see Section 6.5 A2 political district (politscher Bezirk), see Section 6.6 A3 city (Stadt, Gemeinde) A4 Ortschaft (see exception for Vienna below) A6 Strasse LMK Hofname LOC FLR NAM Vulgoname PC BLD UNIT ROOM PLC PCN POBOX SEAT Unfortunately, there are elements, that can not unambiguously be entered. PIDF-LO only defines a single house number element (HNO, numeric part only) and a house number suffix element (HNS). This is unsuitable for the situation in Austria and far too less fields. Statistik Austria knows 14 data fields related to the house number of a building plus another 6 fields for distinction of different usable units inside a building (including the floor, which has a separate field in PIDF-LO). By violating the rules of PIDF-LO, one could simply concatenate all the house number information into the HNO element, even though it is expected to hold numeric part only. Consequently this may cause troubles at the side of the receiver of the location object. Moreover, the price is a loss in precision since the different house number parts cannot be easily separated again. It is recommended, not to use the HNS element for Austrian addresses, since there are addresses that do not have just one suffix. For example, the address Lazarettgasse 13A could be mapped by: 13 A However, the building at Lazarettgasse has the house number 13A-13C. Consequently, just the HNO element should be used: 13A-13C And even for addresses with a house number consisting of a single number and a single prefix, just HNO should be use because of uniformity: Wolf & Mayrhofer Expires May 12, 2008 [Page 10] Internet-Draft Austrian Civic Addresses Nov 2007 13A Addresses with a house number text would look like: vor 1-1A with no HNS element. Last, there is another exception to mention concerning the Austrian capital Vienna (Wien). The city of Vienna is equal to its political district and even the state is called Vienna. Nevertheless, Vienna is separated in 23 districts within the same political district. Consequently, an address in Vienna would look like: AT Wien Wien Wien Innere Stadt or 1 The element A4, holding the city division, must hold the name or the number of the district. 6.2. Additional PIDF-LO elements for Austria In order to create a PIDF-LO document holding all available data from Statistik Austria separately, new elements are necessary. Table 4 lists the additional elements needed for Austrian addresses. Wolf & Mayrhofer Expires May 12, 2008 [Page 11] Internet-Draft Austrian Civic Addresses Nov 2007 +----------------------------------------------------+ | Statistik Austria name | +----------------------------------------------------+ | Katastralgemeindename, Katastralgemeindenummer | | Hausnummerntext | | Hausnummer - 1. Teil - Nummer | | Hausnummer - 1. Teil - Buchstabe | | Hausnummer - Verbindungszeichen Teil 1 -> Bis | | Hausnummer - Bis-Nummer | | Hausnummer - Bis-Buchstabe | | Hausnummernbereich | | Grundstuecksnummer | | Vulgoname | | Hofname | | Hausnummer - Verbindungszeichen Teil Bis -> Teil 2 | | Hausnummer - 2. Teil - Nummer | | Hausnummer - 2. Teil - Buchstabe | | Hausnummer - Verbindungszeichen Teil 2-> Teil 3 | | Hausnummer - 3. Teil - Nummer | | Hausnummer - 3. Teil - Buchstabe | | Gebaeudeunterscheidung | | Tuernummer | | Topnummer | | Lagebeschreibung | | Lage | +----------------------------------------------------+ Table 4: Additional PIDF-LO elements for Austria 6.3. PIDF-LO elements not to be used in Austria The street suffix STS is not used in the data format of Statistik Austria. Consequently, this element can be omitted, since it is always included in the A6 element. This is a common practice in Austria. The following listing shows all PIDF-LO elements that should not be used for representing Austrian addresses: A5 STS HNS PRD POD RD RDBR RDSUBBR PRM POM Wolf & Mayrhofer Expires May 12, 2008 [Page 12] Internet-Draft Austrian Civic Addresses Nov 2007 6.4. Country Element The country element for Austria must be set to AT, since this is the ISO 3166-1 [5] alpha-2 code for Austria. AT The usage of the ISO 3166 code is demanded by RFC 4119 [2] and I-D.ietf-geopriv-revised-civic-lo [8] proposes to use upper case characters only. 6.5. A1 Element As proposed in I-D.ietf-geopriv-revised-civic-lo [8], for the PIDF-LO element A1, the second part of ISO 3166-2 [6] can be used. However, in Austria it is also common to write out the names of the states. Table 5 shows the possible values of the A1 element for Austrian states. +-------------------+--------------------------------+ | Bundesland | second part of ISO 3166-2 code | +-------------------+--------------------------------+ | Burgenland | 1 | | | | | Kaernten | 2 | | | | | Niederoesterreich | 3 | | | | | Oberoesterreich | 4 | | | | | Salzburg | 5 | | | | | Steiermark | 6 | | | | | Tirol | 7 | | | | | Vorarlberg | 8 | | | | | Wien | 9 | +-------------------+--------------------------------+ Table 5: A1 element format for Austria 6.6. A2 Element Names of the Austrian political districts are available at Statistik Austria [7]. These names can be used for the A2 element. Statistik Austria also has a unique code for each political district, which Wolf & Mayrhofer Expires May 12, 2008 [Page 13] Internet-Draft Austrian Civic Addresses Nov 2007 could be used to identify the political district in the A2 element. The district Bruck an der Leitha could be represented by: Bruck an der Leitha or 307 6.7. Additional Code Element The element additional code could be used to hold the codes provided by Statistik Austria. There is an Adresscode, Adressubcode, Objektnummer and a Nutzungseinheitenlaufnummer. These unique codes identify the location. Actually, these codes alone would be enough, which leads to location by reference with address codes, for Austria described in Section 7. If the additional code in a PIDF-LO document is going to hold the codes from Statistik Austria, the following format should be used: AdrCD=1234567;AdrsubCD=123;ObjNr=2333211;NtzLnr=0001 By setting the country element to AT (see Section 6.4), indicating an Austrian address, the Additional Code element is expected to hold codes from Statistik Austria only. When creating PIDF-LO documents using address codes by Statistik Austria, the country and addcode elements are mandatory. 7. Location by Reference with the Austrian Address Code As explained in the previous section, the codes of Statistik Austria alone are enough to describe a location. A PIDF-LO document could therefore just contain the country and the appropriate codes. Consequently it would be possible to just convey an identifier as key to the location information. Therefore, it would be necessary that all potential location recipients have access to the database to resolve the identifier to the location. One way to put this idea to an international and consistent way is to request an URN space for that purpose. Each country may register its own URN for their codes with different meaning. An proposed URN space for the addresscodes provided by Statistik Austria could look like: urn:addresscode:at:statistikaustria.AdrCD.AdrsubCD.ObjNr.NtzLnr For example: urn:addresscode:at:statistikaustria.1234567.004.2333211.0017 Wolf & Mayrhofer Expires May 12, 2008 [Page 14] Internet-Draft Austrian Civic Addresses Nov 2007 8. Example This section shows an example mapping of an Austrian address mapping to the existing PIDF-LO elements. This example is of a simple type, so that no additional elements are used for this case. However, if the civic address elements are needed separately at the side of the receiver, a distinct mapping to separate field would be desirable. AT Wien Wien Wien 9 Lazarettgasse 13A-13C 1090 yes 2007-11-10T12:00:00Z 2007-11-09T12:00:00Z 9. Security & Privacy Considerations RFC 4119 contains general security considerations for handling PIDF- LOs. In addition to that, it has to be considered that data from the Austrian building and habitation unit registry are generally not public, so restrictions as imposed on the original data set MUST also be imposed on the resulting PIDF-LO document. Wolf & Mayrhofer Expires May 12, 2008 [Page 15] Internet-Draft Austrian Civic Addresses Nov 2007 10. IANA Considerations At this stage, this document contains no considerations for IANA. However, if a definition of an "civic address URN" as sketeched out in section Section 7 is to be used, the respective URN namespaces need to be registered with IANA. 11. Acknowledgements The authors wish to thank Gregor Jaenin for contributing insights about the Austrian civic address data format. 12. References 12.1. Normative References [1] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997. [2] Peterson, J., "A Presence-based GEOPRIV Location Object Format", RFC 4119, December 2005. 12.2. Informative References [3] Statistik Austria, "Handbuch Adress-GWR-Online Teil A Theoretisches Handbuch Kapitel 2 Warten von Adressen im Adress- GWR-Online", Jan 2005. [4] Statistik Austria, "Handbuch Adress-GWR-Online Teil C Anhang 2 Merkmalskatalog", Sept 2004. [5] International Organization for Standardization, "Codes for the representation of names of countries and their subdivisions - Part 1: Country codes", ISO Standard 3166-1:1997, 1997. [6] International Organization for Standardization, "Codes for the representation of names of countries and their subdivisions - Part 2: Country subdivision code", ISO Standard 3166-2:1998, 1998. [7] Statistik Austria, "Politische Bezirke, Gebietsstand 2007", Oct 2007. [8] Thomson, M. and J. Winterbottom, "Revised Civic Location Format for PIDF-LO", draft-ietf-geopriv-revised-civic-lo-06 (work in progress), October 2007. Wolf & Mayrhofer Expires May 12, 2008 [Page 16] Internet-Draft Austrian Civic Addresses Nov 2007 Authors' Addresses Karl Heinz Wolf nic.at GmbH Karlsplatz 1/2/9 Wien A-1010 Austria Phone: +43 1 5056416 37 Email: karlheinz.wolf@nic.at URI: http://www.nic.at/ Alexander Mayrhofer nic.at GmbH Karlsplatz 1/2/9 Wien A-1010 Austria Phone: +43 1 5056416 34 Email: alexander.mayrhofer@nic.at URI: http://www.nic.at/ Wolf & Mayrhofer Expires May 12, 2008 [Page 17] Internet-Draft Austrian Civic Addresses Nov 2007 Full Copyright Statement Copyright (C) The IETF Trust (2007). This document is subject to the rights, licenses and restrictions contained in BCP 78, and except as set forth therein, the authors retain all their rights. 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Information on the procedures with respect to rights in RFC documents can be found in BCP 78 and BCP 79. Copies of IPR disclosures made to the IETF Secretariat and any assurances of licenses to be made available, or the result of an attempt made to obtain a general license or permission for the use of such proprietary rights by implementers or users of this specification can be obtained from the IETF on-line IPR repository at http://www.ietf.org/ipr. The IETF invites any interested party to bring to its attention any copyrights, patents or patent applications, or other proprietary rights that may cover technology that may be required to implement this standard. Please address the information to the IETF at ietf-ipr@ietf.org. Acknowledgment Funding for the RFC Editor function is provided by the IETF Administrative Support Activity (IASA). Wolf & Mayrhofer Expires May 12, 2008 [Page 18]