Internet Engineering Task Force T. Manderson Internet-Draft ICANN Intended status: Informational March 17, 2013 Expires: September 18, 2013 XML Schemas for Reverse DNS Management draft-manderson-rdns-xml-00 Abstract This document defines an Extensible Markup Language (XML) Schema for Reverse DNS Management in a tightly controlled Representational State Transfer (REST) environment. This document describes a schema that has been developed and deployed by ICANN in a "RESTful" based system for the the last two years (at the time of writing) and is being used by the registries responsible for reverse DNS (rDNS) delegations underneath IN-ADDR.ARPA and IP6.ARPA through an X.509 certificate mediated HTTPS transaction. Status of This Memo This Internet-Draft is submitted to IETF in full conformance with the provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79. Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF). Note that other groups may also distribute working documents as Internet-Drafts. The list of current Internet- Drafts is at http://datatracker.ietf.org/drafts/current/. Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any time. It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference material or to cite them other than as "work in progress." This Internet-Draft will expire on September 18, 2013. Copyright Notice Copyright (c) 2013 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the document authors. All rights reserved. This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal Provisions Relating to IETF Documents (http://trustee.ietf.org/license-info) in effect on the date of publication of this document. Please review these documents carefully, as they describe your rights and restrictions with respect to this document. Manderson Expires September 18, 2013 [Page 1] Internet-Draft Abbreviated Title March 2013 Table of Contents 1. Requirements Language . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 2. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 3. Implementation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 4. IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 5. Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 6. Acknowledgements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 7. References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 7.1. Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 7.2. Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Appendix A. Schema Definition for rDNS updates . . . . . . . . . 7 Appendix B. Schema Definition for rDNS Queue Entries . . . . . . 8 Author's Address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 1. Requirements Language The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this document are to be interpreted as described in RFC 2119 [RFC2119]. 2. Introduction This document defines an Extensible Markup Language (XML) Schema for Reverse DNS Management in a tightly controlled Representational State Transfer (REST) [REST] environment. This document describes a schema that has been developed and deployed by ICANN in a "RESTful" based system for the the last two years (at the time of writing) and is being used by the registries responsible for reverse DNS (rDNS) delegations underneath IN-ADDR.ARPA [RFC1034] and IP6.ARPA [RFC3152] through an X.509 [RFC5280] certificate mediated HTTPS [RFC2818] transaction. As DNSSEC [RFC4033] adoption progresses the necessity to interact with a delegation in the IN-ADDR.ARPA and IP6.APRA zones becomes more frequent given that updates to DS records in the parent zone for child delegations follow the key rollover and expiry of the child zone. The modification of such critical areas at a relative high frequency requires a system that allows the administrative holders of such delegations to make such changes in a secure and trustworthy manner where the chain of trust for submitting the necessary information remains unbroken between the IN-ADDR.ARPA and IP6.APRA zone maintainers and the zone customers. At the request of the Regional Internet Registries to automate reverse DNS updates with IANA, a REST based HTTPS service was deployed that: Manderson Expires September 18, 2013 [Page 2] Internet-Draft Abbreviated Title March 2013 o Provides for a secure authenticated mechanism to update zone data (NS and DS records) o Provides a well-formed data structure for both the IN-ADDR.ARPA and IP6.ARPA zones o Allows for "out of band" acknowledgement and notification of updates 3. Implementation The implemented system allows the entity responsible for its rDNS delegations to effect changes in the reverse DNS zones IN-ADDR.ARPA and IP6.ARPA by submitting an XML document to an atomic RESTful service via a HTTPS [RFC2818] connection. In this service the HTTPS layer provides the end-to-end security of the transaction and it further provides authentication by use of mandatory X.509 [RFC5280] client certificates with a known server certificate issued by a Certificate Authority administered by the service operator. Certificates for use in this system, issued by the system operator, are specific to the entity responsible for the delegations in the zone. Updates are made to the system by using the HTTP [RFC2616] GET, PUT, and DELETE operations over HTTP 1.1 [RFC2616] via HTTPS [RFC2818] only. These operations are sent to a resource Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) in the form of: https://host.example.org// A synthetic example of an XML document (in RelaxNG Compact [RELAXNG] format) submitted to the deployed system might take the following form (including all optional attributes) as per the schema in Appendix A. BLACKHOLE-1.IANA.ORG. BLACKHOLE-2.IANA.ORG. Manderson Expires September 18, 2013 [Page 3] Internet-Draft Abbreviated Title March 2013 33682 5 1 ea8afb5fce7caf381ab101039 33682 5 2 7d44874f1d93aaceb793a88001739a When PUT and DELETE operations are used, the well formed XML is required to be sent with the appropriate content-length headers. The GET operation requires only the URI. One requirement of the system was to allow the separation of update and approval with an out of band notification mechanism. When such options are configured for a customer of the service, submitted updates may be queued for later approval. When a customer has queued updates pending approval, the customer may submit a GET request to retrieve either an individual entry, or a full listing of all queued entries. To fetch a listing of the customer's queue the customer would 'GET' a URI in the form of: https://host.example.org/queuelist To fetch an individual queue entry the customer would 'GET' the canonical URL (as per the schema) for this queue record: https://host.example.org/queue/ Were "identifier" is a system generated and system specific value that identifies this particular queue entry. All XML returned from from queue based operations ('queue' and 'queuelist') would return an XML document following the specification in Appendix B. A synthetic example from a GET of 'queuelist' would be: BLACKHOLE-1.IANA.ORG. Manderson Expires September 18, 2013 [Page 4] Internet-Draft Abbreviated Title March 2013 BLACKHOLE-2.IANA.ORG. 33682 5 1 ea8afb5fce7caf381ab101039 33682 5 2 7d44874f1d93aaceb793a88001739a 4. IANA Considerations This memo includes no request to IANA. This section may be removed by the RFC Editor prior to publication. 5. Security Considerations This document provides an XML schema for facilitating the management of reverse DNS delegations in the IN-ADDR.ARPA and IP6.APRA zones. The schema itself contains no authentication data and all other information contained is considered public data as it is either published in DNS, or propagated to other public information sources like WHOIS. The system which implements this XML schema requires HTTPS to be used and also uses known server and client X.509 certificates for authentication to protect against message modification, message insertion/deletion, man-in-the-middle, and replay attacks. Authorisation for which delegations the X.509 certificate authentication sessions can affect are out of scope of this document, along with any denial of service type attack vectors. 6. Acknowledgements An XML schema was initially provided by APNIC, however necessity required a branch and as such a new namespace and schema has been created. Recognition goes to APNIC for prior efforts in this area. The author acknowledges feedback from a collective made up of various RIR technical folk, however heartfelt thanks goes to Anand Buddhdev of the RIPE-NCC and Robert Loomans of APNIC for being both alpha and beta testers and providing valuable feedback. Manderson Expires September 18, 2013 [Page 5] Internet-Draft Abbreviated Title March 2013 7. References 7.1. Normative References [RFC1034] Mockapetris, P., "Domain names - concepts and facilities", STD 13, RFC 1034, November 1987. [RFC2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997. [RFC2616] Fielding, R., Gettys, J., Mogul, J., Frystyk, H., Masinter, L., Leach, P., and T. Berners-Lee, "Hypertext Transfer Protocol -- HTTP/1.1", RFC 2616, June 1999. [RFC2818] Rescorla, E., "HTTP Over TLS", RFC 2818, May 2000. [RFC3152] Bush, R., "Delegation of IP6.ARPA", BCP 49, RFC 3152, August 2001. [RFC4033] Arends, R., Austein, R., Larson, M., Massey, D., and S. Rose, "DNS Security Introduction and Requirements", RFC 4033, March 2005. [RFC4034] Arends, R., Austein, R., Larson, M., Massey, D., and S. Rose, "Resource Records for the DNS Security Extensions", RFC 4034, March 2005. [RFC5280] Cooper, D., Santesson, S., Farrell, S., Boeyen, S., Housley, R., and W. Polk, "Internet X.509 Public Key Infrastructure Certificate and Certificate Revocation List (CRL) Profile", RFC 5280, May 2008. 7.2. Informative References [RELAXNG] The Organization for the Advancement of Structured Information Standards [OASIS], "RELAX NG Compact Specification", 2002, . [REST] Fielding, R.T., "Architectural Styles and the Design of Network-based Software Architectures", 2000, . Manderson Expires September 18, 2013 [Page 6] Internet-Draft Abbreviated Title March 2013 Appendix A. Schema Definition for rDNS updates The following Schema, used for PUT, GET, and DELETE operations, is an XML document using the RelaxNG Compact [RELAXNG] specification. default namespace = "http://download.research.icann.org/rdns/1.1" # A document may either be a single zone (update) or # a collection of zones (view) start = zone | zonelist | zonereflist # A list of zone names for view only. zonereflist = element zonereflist { attribute version { xsd:decimal { minInclusive="1.1" fractionDigits="1" } }, zoneref* } # A bulk list of zones for view only. zonelist = element zonelist { attribute version { xsd:decimal { minInclusive="1.1" fractionDigits="1" } }, zone* } # A zone reference (accepted by REST engine for query) zoneref = element zoneref { attribute name { text }, attribute href { xsd:anyURI } } # A single zone record zone = element zone { # The zone record's name, eg 10.in-addr.arpa attribute name { text }, # The customer, optional, it is derived from known state. attribute cust { text }?, # The canonical URL for this zone record (optional) attribute href { xsd:anyURI }?, # The address IP version for the zone record (optional) attribute ipversion { "ipv4" | "ipv6" }?, # The administrative state of the zone (optional) attribute state { "active" | "pending" | "error" }?, # The last modified timestamp in UTC (optional) attribute modified { xsd:dateTime }?, # The schema version (optional) Manderson Expires September 18, 2013 [Page 7] Internet-Draft Abbreviated Title March 2013 attribute version { xsd:decimal { minInclusive="1.1" fractionDigits="1" } }?, # A zone NS RRset MUST have at least two NS records nserver, nserver+, # It MAY contain some DS records ds* } # DNS-SEC records ds = element ds { # rdata MUST contain # | | | # as per RFC4034 # element rdata { text } } # A single name server nserver = element nserver { # An nserver entry MUST contain a DNS FQDN # for a NS RR (RFC 1035) element fqdn { text } } Appendix B. Schema Definition for rDNS Queue Entries The XML schema definition below, in RelaxNG Compact [RELAXNG] form is used for queue interaction operations. default namespace = "http://download.research.icann.org/rq/1.0" # A document MAY either be a single queue entry # or a collection of queued entries start = queue | queuelist # A list of zone names for view only. queuelist = element queuelist { attribute version { xsd:decimal { minInclusive="1.0" fractionDigits="0" } }, queue* } Manderson Expires September 18, 2013 [Page 8] Internet-Draft Abbreviated Title March 2013 # A single queued zone record queue = element queue { # The zone record's name, eg 10.in-addr.arpa attribute name { text }, # The customer, optional, derived from known state. attribute cust { text }?, # The canonical URL for this queue record (optional) attribute href { xsd:anyURI }?, # The acknowlgement URL for this queue record (optional) attribute ack { xsd:anyURI }?, # The address IP version for the zone record (optional) attribute ipversion { "ipv4" | "ipv6" }?, # The state of the zone (optional, and for a queue # SHOULD always be pending) attribute state { "pending" }?, # The submitted timestamp (optional) attribute submitted { xsd:dateTime }?, # The HTTP method used to update attribute method { "PUT" | "DELETE" }, # The schema version (1.0) (optional) attribute version { xsd:decimal { minInclusive="1.0" fractionDigits="1" } }?, # A zone NS RRset must have at least two NS records nserver, nserver+, # It MAY contain some DS records ds* } # DNS-SEC records ds = element ds { # rdata MUST contain Flags | Protocol | Algorithm | Public Key # as per RFC4034 # element rdata { text } } # A single name server nserver = element nserver { # An nserver entry MUST contain a DNS FQDN # for a NS RR (RFC 1035) element fqdn { text } } Manderson Expires September 18, 2013 [Page 9] Internet-Draft Abbreviated Title March 2013 Author's Address Terry Manderson ICANN Email: terry.manderson@icann.org Manderson Expires September 18, 2013 [Page 10]