Network Working Group Internet Engineering Task Force Internet-Draft Telnet Working Group D. Borman, Editor Cray Research, Inc. July 1992 Telnet Authentication: Kerberos Version 4 Status of this Memo This document is an Internet Draft. Internet Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF), its Areas, and its Working Groups. Note that other groups may also distribute working documents as Internet Drafts. Internet Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months. Internet Drafts may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any time. It is not appropriate to use Internet Drafts as reference material or to cite them other than as a "working draft" or "work in progress." Please check the 1id-abstracts.txt listing contained in the internet-drafts Shadow Directories on nic.ddn.mil, nnsc.nsf.net, nic.nordu.net, ftp.nisc.sri.com, or munnari.oz.au to learn the current status of any Internet Draft. 1. Command Names and Codes Authentication Types KERBEROS_V4 1 Suboption Commands AUTH 0 REJECT 1 ACCEPT 2 CHALLENGE 3 RESPONSE 4 2. Command Meanings IAC SB AUTHENTICATION IS AUTH IAC SE This is used to pass the Kerberos ticket to the remote side of the Telnet Working Group Expires January 1993 [Page 1] Internet-Draft Kerberos Version 4 for Telnet July 1992 connection. The first octet of the value is KERBEROS_V4, to indicate the usage of Kerberos version 4. IAC SB AUTHENTICATION REPLY ACCEPT IAC SE This command indicates that the authentication was successful. IAC SB AUTHENTICATION REPLY REJECT IAC SE This command indicates that the authentication was not successful, and if there is any more data in the sub-option, it is an ASCII text message of the reason for the rejection. IAC SB AUTHENTICATION IS CHALLENGE IAC SE IAC SB AUTHENTICATION REPLY RESPONSE IAC SE These two commands are used to perform mutual authentication. They are only used when the AUTH_HOW_MUTUAL bit is set in the second octet of the authentication-type-pair. After successfully sending an AUTH and receiving an ACCEPT, a CHALLENGE is sent. The challenge is a random 8 byte number with the most significant byte first, and the least significant byte last. When the CHALLENGE command is sent, the "encrypted challenge" is the 8-byte-challenge encrypted in the session key. When the CHALLENGE command is re- ceived, the contents are decrypted to get the original 8-byte- challenge, this value is then incremented by one, re-encrypted with the session key, and returned as the "encrypted response" in the RESPONSE command. The receiver of the RESPONSE command de- crypts the "encrypted response", and verifies that the resultant value is the original 8-byte-challenge incremented by one. The "encrypted challenge" value sent/received in the CHALLENGE command is also encrypted with the session key on both sides of the session, to produce a random 8-byte key to be used as the de- fault key for the ENCRYPTION option. 3. Implementation Rules If the second octet of the authentication-type-pair has the AUTH_WHO bit set to AUTH_CLIENT_TO_SERVER, then the client sends the initial AUTH command, and the server responds with either ACCEPT or REJECT. In addition, if the AUTH_HOW bit is set to AUTH_HOW_MUTUAL, and the server responds with ACCEPT, then the client then sends a CHALLENGE, and the server sends a RESPONSE. If the second octet of the authentication-type-pair has the AUTH_WHO Telnet Working Group Expires January 1993 [Page 2] Internet-Draft Kerberos Version 4 for Telnet July 1992 bit set to AUTH_SERVER_TO_CLIENT, then the server sends the initial AUTH command, and the client responds with either ACCEPT or REJECT. In addition, if the AUTH_HOW bit is set to AUTH_HOW_MUTUAL, and the client responds with ACCEPT, then the server then sends a CHALLENGE, and the client sends a RESPONSE. The authenticator (Kerberos Principal) used is of the form "rcmd.host@realm". 4. Examples User "joe" may wish to log in as user "pete" on machine "foo". If "pete" has set things up on "foo" to allow "joe" access to his ac- count, then the client would send IAC SB AUTHENTICATION NAME "pete" IAC SE IAC SB AUTHENTICATION IS KERBEROS_V4 AUTH IAC SE The server would then authenticate the user as "joe" from the ticket information, and since "pete" is allowing "joe" to use his account, the server would send back ACCEPT. If mutual au- thentication is being used, the the client would send a CHALLENGE, and verify the RESPONSE that the server sends back. Client Server IAC DO AUTHENTICATION IAC WILL AUTHENTICATION [ The server is now free to request authentication information. ] IAC SB AUTHENTICATION SEND KERBEROS_V4 CLIENT|MUTUAL KERBEROS_V4 CLIENT|ONE_WAY IAC SE [ The server has requested mutual Version 4 Kerberos authentication. If mutual authentication is not supported, then the server is willing to do one-way authentication. The client will now respond with the name of the user that it wants to log in as, and the Kerberos ticket. ] IAC SB AUTHENTICATION NAME "pete" IAC SE IAC SB AUTHENTICATION IS KERBEROS_V4 CLIENT|MUTUAL AUTH IAC SE [ The server responds with an ACCEPT command to state that the authentication was successful. ] IAC SB AUTHENTICATION REPLY KERBEROS_V4 CLIENT|MUTUAL ACCEPT IAC SE [ Next, the client sends across a CHALLENGE to verify that it is really talking to the right server. ] Telnet Working Group Expires January 1993 [Page 3] Internet-Draft Kerberos Version 4 for Telnet July 1992 IAC SB AUTHENTICATION IS KERBEROS_V4 CLIENT|MUTUAL CHALLENGE xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx IAC SE [ Lastly, the server sends across a RESPONSE to prove that it really is the right server. IAC SB AUTHENTICATION REPLY KERBEROS_V4 CLIENT|MUTUAL RESPONSE yy yy yy yy yy yy yy yy IAC SE Author's Address David A. Borman, Editor Cray Research, Inc. 655F Lone Oak Drive Eagan, MN 55123 Phone: (612) 452-6650 Mailing List: telnet-ietf@CRAY.COM EMail: dab@CRAY.COM Chair's Address The working group can be contacted via the current chair: Steve Alexander INTERACTIVE Systems Corporation 1901 North Naper Boulevard Naperville, IL 60563-8895 Phone: (708) 505-9100 x256 EMail: stevea@isc.com Telnet Working Group Expires January 1993 [Page 4]