SIDR G. Huston Internet-Draft APNIC Intended status: Standards Track S. Weiler Expires: April 29, 2011 SPARTA, Inc. G. Michaelson APNIC S. Kent BBN October 26, 2010 Resource Certificate PKI (RPKI) Trust Anchor Locator draft-ietf-sidr-ta-05 Abstract This document defines a Trust Anchor Locator for the Resource Certificate Public Key Infrastructure (RPKI). Status of this Memo This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79. Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF). Note that other groups may also distribute working documents as Internet-Drafts. The list of current Internet- Drafts is at http://datatracker.ietf.org/drafts/current/. Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any time. It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference material or to cite them other than as "work in progress." This Internet-Draft will expire on April 29, 2011. Copyright Notice Copyright (c) 2010 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the document authors. All rights reserved. This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal Provisions Relating to IETF Documents (http://trustee.ietf.org/license-info) in effect on the date of publication of this document. Please review these documents carefully, as they describe your rights and restrictions with respect to this document. Code Components extracted from this document must include Simplified BSD License text as described in Section 4.e of Huston, et al. Expires April 29, 2011 [Page 1] Internet-Draft RPKI Trust Anchor Locator October 2010 the Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without warranty as described in the Simplified BSD License. Table of Contents 1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 1.1. Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 2. Trust Anchor Locator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 2.1. Trust Anchor Locator Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 2.2. TA Certificate Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 2.3. Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 3. Relying Party Use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 4. Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 5. IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 6. Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 7. References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 7.1. Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 7.2. Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Authors' Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Huston, et al. Expires April 29, 2011 [Page 2] Internet-Draft RPKI Trust Anchor Locator October 2010 1. Introduction This document defines a Trust Anchor Locator (TAL) for the Resource Certificate Public Key Infrastructure (RPKI) [ID.sidr-arch]. This format may be used to distribute trust anchor material using a mix of out-of-band and online means. Procedures used by relying parties (RPs) to verify RPKI signed objects SHOULD support this format to facilitate interoperability between creators of Trust Anchor (TA) material and RPs. 1.1. Terminology The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this document are to be interpreted as described in RFC 2119. 2. Trust Anchor Locator 2.1. Trust Anchor Locator Format This document does not propose a new format for TA material. A TA in the RPKI TA is represented by a self-signed X.509 CA certificate, a format commonly used in PKIs and widely supported by RP software. This document specifies a format for data used to retrieve and verify the authenticity of a TA, in a very simple fashion. That data is referred to as "Trust Anchor Locator" (TAL). The motivation for defining the TAL is to enable selected data in the trust anchor to change, without needing to effect re-distribution of the trust anchor per se. In the RPKI, certificates contain extensions that represent Internet Number Resources (INRs) [RFC3779]. The set of INRs associated with an entity likely will change over time. Thus, if one were to use the common PKI convention of distributing a TA to RPs in a secure fashion, this procedure would need to be repeated whenever the INR set for the TA changed. By distributing the TAL (in a secure fashion), instead of the TA, this problem is avoided, i.e., the TAL is constant so long as the TA's public key and its location does not change. The TAL is analogous to the TrustAnchorInfo data structure adopted as a PKIX standard [RFC5914]. That standard could be used to represent the TALAD, if one defined an rsync URI extension for that data structure. However, the TAL format was adopted by RPKI implementors prior to the PKIX TA work, and the RPKI implementer community has elected to utilize the TAL format, rather than define the requisite extension. Huston, et al. Expires April 29, 2011 [Page 3] Internet-Draft RPKI Trust Anchor Locator October 2010 The TAL is an ordered sequence of a rsync URI [RFC5781], and a base 64-encoded DER-encoded X.509 [X.509] subjectPublicKeyInfo [RFC5280]. The sequence separator is an ASCII line break sequence, namely the CR LF character pair. The CR character is OPTIONAL. 2.2. TA Certificate Considerations The rsync URI MUST reference a single object. It MUST NOT reference a directory or any other form of collection of objects. The referenced object MUST be a self-signed CA certificate that conforms to the RPKI certificate profile [ID.sidr-res-certs]. This certificate is the trust anchor in certification path discovery [RFC4158] and validation [RFC5280][RFC3779]. The validity interval of this certificate SHOULD reflect the anticipated period of stability the particular set of Internet Number Resources (INRs) that are associated with the putative TA. The INR [RFC3779] extension(s) of this certificate MUST contain a non-empty set of number resources. It MUST NOT use the "inherit" form of the INR extension(s). The INR set described in this certificate is the set of number resources for which the issuing entity is offering itself to be a putative trust anchor in the RPKI [ID.sidr-arch]. The public key used to verify the CA certificate MUST be the same as the subjectPublicKeyInfo in the CA certificate and in the Trust Anchor Material. The self-signed CA certificate MUST use a stable key. This key MUST NOT change when the certificate is reissued due to changes in the INR extension(s), when the certificate is renewed prior to expiration or for any reason other than a key change. The self-signed CA certificate MUST be published at a stable URI. When the self-signed CA certificate is re-issued for any reason, the replacement CA certificate MUST be accessible using the same URI. Becuase this is a self-signed certificate, there is no corresponding Certificate Revocation List that can be used to revoke this CA certificate, nor is there a manifest [ID.sidr-rpki-manifests] that lists this CA certificate. If an entity wishes to withdraw a self-signed CA certificate as a putative Trust Anchor, for any reason, including key rollover, the entity MUST remove the object from the location referenced in the TAL. Huston, et al. Expires April 29, 2011 [Page 4] Internet-Draft RPKI Trust Anchor Locator October 2010 The entity that issues the self-signed CA certificate SHOULD issue a subordinate CA certificate that contains the same INRs via the use of the "inherit" option in the INR extensions of the subordinate certificate. This allows the entity that issues the self-signed CA certificate to keep the corresponding private key of this certificate off-line, while issuing all relevant child certificates under the immediate subordinate certificate. This measure also allows the CRL issued by the self-signed CA to be used revoke the subordinate certificate in the event of suspected key compromise of this potentially more vulnerable online operational key pair. 2.3. Example rsync://rpki.example.org/rpki/hedgehog/root.cer MIIBIjANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAAOCAQ8AMIIBCgKCAQEAovWQL2lh6knDx GUG5hbtCXvvh4AOzjhDkSHlj22gn/1oiM9IeDATIwP44vhQ6L/xvuk7W6 Kfa5ygmqQ+xOZOwTWPcrUbqaQyPNxokuivzyvqVZVDecOEqs78q58mSp9 nbtxmLRW7B67SJCBSzfa5XpVyXYEgYAjkk3fpmefU+AcxtxvvHB5OVPIa BfPcs80ICMgHQX+fphvute9XLxjfJKJWkhZqZ0v7pZm2uhkcPx1PMGcrG ee0WSDC3fr3erLueagpiLsFjwwpX6F+Ms8vqz45H+DKmYKvPSstZjCCq9 aJ0qANT9OtnfSDOS+aLRPjZryCNyvvBHxZXqj5YCGKtwIDAQAB 3. Relying Party Use In order to use the TAL to retrieve and validate a (putative) TA, an RP SHOULD: 1. Retrieve the object referenced by the URI contained in the TAL. 2. Confirm that the retrieved object is a current, self-signed RPKI CA certificate that conforms to the profile as specified in [ID.sidr-res-certs]. 3. Confirm that the public key in the TAL matches the public key in the retrieved object. 4. Perform other checks, as appropriate, to ensure that the RP is willing to trust the entity publishing this self-signed CA certificate to be a trusted point of authority relating to the validity or otherwise of attestations made in the context of the RPKI relating to all resources described in the INR extension of this certificate. An RP SHOULD perform these functions for each instance of TAL that it is holding for this purpose every time the RP performs a re- synchronization across the local repository cache. In any case, an RP also SHOULD perform these functions prior to the expiration of the Huston, et al. Expires April 29, 2011 [Page 5] Internet-Draft RPKI Trust Anchor Locator October 2010 locally cached copy of the retrieved self-signed CA certificate referenced by the TAL. 4. Security Considerations Compromise of a trust anchor private key permits unauthorized parties to masquerade as a trust anchor, with potentially severe consequences. Reliance on an inappropriate or incorrect trust anchor has similar potentially severe consequences. This trust anchor locator does not directly provide a list of resources covered by the referenced self-signed CA certificate. Instead, the RP is referred to the TA itself and the INR extension(s) within this certificate. This provides necessary operational flexibility, but it also allows the certificate issuer to claim to be authoritative for any resource. Relying parties should either have great confidence in the issuers of such certificates that they are configuring as trust anchors, or they should issue their own self- signed certificate as a trust anchor and, in doing so, impose constraints on the subordinate certificates. For more information on this approach, see [ID.reynolds-rpki-ltamgmt]. 5. IANA Considerations [This document specifies no IANA actions.] 6. Acknowledgments This approach to TA material was originally described by Robert Kisteleki. The authors acknowledge the contributions of Rob Austein and Randy Bush, who assisted with earlier versions of this document and with helpful review comments. 7. References 7.1. Normative References [ID.sidr-res-certs] Huston, G., Michaelson, G., and R. Loomans, "A Profile for X.509 PKIX Resource Certificates", Work in progress: Internet Drafts draft-ietf-sidr-res-certs-17.txt, September 2009. Huston, et al. Expires April 29, 2011 [Page 6] Internet-Draft RPKI Trust Anchor Locator October 2010 [RFC3779] Lynn, C., Kent, S., and K. Seo, "X.509 Extensions for IP Addresses and AS Identifiers", RFC 3779, June 2004. [RFC5280] Cooper, D., Santesson, S., Farrell, S., Boeyen, S., Housley, R., and W. Polk, "Internet X.509 Public Key Infrastructure Certificate and Certificate Revocation List (CRL) Profile", RFC 5280, May 2008. [RFC5781] Weiler, S., Ward, D., and R. Housley, "The rsync URI Scheme", RFC 5781, February 2010. [X.509] ITU-T, "Recommendation X.509: The Directory - Authentication Framework", 2000. 7.2. Informative References [ID.reynolds-rpki-ltamgmt] Reynolds, M. and S. Kent, "Local Trust Anchor Management for the Resource Public Key Infrastructure", Work in progress: Internet Drafts draft-reynolds-rpki-ltamgmt-01.txt, September 2010. [ID.sidr-arch] Lepinski, M. and S. Kent, "An Infrastructure to Support Secure Internet Routing", Work in progress: Internet Drafts draft-ietf-sidr-arch-11.txt, September 2010. [ID.sidr-rpki-manifests] Austein, R., Huston, G., Kent, S., and M. Lepinski, "Manifests for the Resource Public Key Infrastructure", draft-ietf-sidr-rpki-manifests (work in progress), May 2010. [RFC4158] Cooper, M., Dzambasow, Y., Hesse, P., Joseph, S., and R. Nicholas, "Internet X.509 Public Key Infrastructure: Certification Path Building", RFC 4158, September 2005. [RFC5914] Housley, R., Ashmore, S., and C. Wallace, "Trust Anchor Format", RFC 5914, June 2010. Huston, et al. Expires April 29, 2011 [Page 7] Internet-Draft RPKI Trust Anchor Locator October 2010 Authors' Addresses Geoff Huston APNIC Email: gih@apnic.net URI: http://www.apnic.net Samuel Weiler SPARTA, Inc. 7110 Samuel Morse Drive Colombia, Maryland 21046 USA Email: weiler@sparta.com George Michaelson Asia Pacific Network Information Centre Email: ggm@apnic.net URI: http://www.apnic.net Stephen Kent BBN Technologies 10 Moulton St. Cambridge, MA 02138 USA Email: kent@bbn.com Huston, et al. Expires April 29, 2011 [Page 8]