PKIX Working Group S. Santesson (Microsoft) INTERNET-DRAFT M. Nystrom (RSA Security) Expires August 2004 T. Polk (NIST) February 2004 Internet X.509 Public Key Infrastructure: Qualified Certificates Profile Status of this Memo This document is an Internet-Draft and is in full conformance with all provisions of Section 10 of RFC2026. Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF), its areas, and its working groups. Note that other groups may also distribute working documents as Internet-Drafts. Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any time. It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference material or to cite them other than as "work in progress." The list of current Internet-Drafts can be accessed at http://www.ietf.org/ietf/1id-abstracts.txt The list of Internet-Draft Shadow Directories can be accessed at http://www.ietf.org/shadow.html. Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2002). All Rights Reserved. Abstract This document forms a certificate profile, based on RFC 3280, for identity certificates issued to natural persons. The profile defines specific conventions for certificates that are qualified within a defined legal framework, named Qualified Certificates. The profile does however not define any legal requirements for such Qualified Certificates. The goal of this document is to define a certificate profile that supports issuance of Qualified Certificates independent of local legal requirements. The profile is however not limited to Qualified Certificates and further profiling may facilitate specific local needs. Santesson, Nystrom, & Polk [Page 1] INTERNET DRAFT Qualified Certificates Profile February 2004 Table of Contents 1 Introduction ................................................ 3 1.1 Changes since RFC 3039 ................................... 3 1.2 Definitions .............................................. 4 2 Requirements and Assumptions ................................ 4 2.1 Properties ................................................ 5 2.2 Statement of Purpose ...................................... 5 2.3 Policy Issues ............................................. 6 2.4 Uniqueness of names ....................................... 6 3 Certificate and Certificate Extensions Profile .............. 7 3.1 Basic Certificate Fields .................................. 7 3.1.1 Issuer .................................................. 7 3.1.2 Subject ................................................. 7 3.2 Certificate Extensions .................................... 10 3.2.1 Subject Alternative Name ................................ 10 3.2.2 Subject Directory Attributes ............................ 10 3.2.3 Certificate Policies .................................... 11 3.2.4 Key Usage ............................................... 12 3.2.5 Biometric Information ................................... 12 3.2.6 Qualified Certificate Statements ........................ 13 4 Security Considerations ..................................... 16 5 References .................................................. 17 6 Intellectual Property Rights ................................ 18 A ASN.1 definitions ........................................... 19 A.1 1988 ASN.1 Module (Normative).............................. 19 A.2 1997 ASN.1 Module (Informative)............................ 22 B A Note on Attributes ........................................ 25 C. Example Certificate ........................................ 26 C.1 ASN.1 Structure ........................................... 26 C.1.1 Extensions ............................................... 26 C.1.2 The certificate .......................................... 28 C.2 ASN.1 Dump ................................................ 31 C.3 DER-encoding .............................................. 34 C.4 CA's public key ........................................... 34 Authors' Addresses ............................................. 35 Full Copyright Statement ....................................... 36 Santesson, Nystrom, & Polk [Page 2] INTERNET DRAFT Qualified Certificates Profile February 2004 1 Introduction This specification is one part of a family of standards for the X.509 Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) for the Internet. It is based on RFC 3280, which defines underlying certificate formats and semantics needed for a full implementation of this standard. This profile includes specific mechanisms intended for use with Qualified Certificates. The term Qualified Certificates and the assumptions that affects the scope of this document are discussed in Section 2. Section 3 defines requirements on certificate information content. This profile addresses two fields in the basic certificate as well as five certificate extensions. The certificate fields are the subject and issuer fields. The certificate extensions are subject directory attributes, certificate policies, key usage, a certificate extension for storage of biometric data and a certificate extension for storage of statements related to Qualified Certificates. The certificate extensions are presented in the 1997 Abstract Syntax Notation One (ASN.1), but in conformance with RFC 3280 the 1988 ASN.1 module in Appendix A contains all normative definitions (the 1997 module in Appendix A is informative). In Section 4, some security considerations are discussed in order to clarify the security context in which the standard may be utilized. Section 5 contains the references. Appendix A contains all relevant ASN.1 [X.680] structures that are not already defined in RFC 3280. Appendix B contains a note on attributes. Appendix C contains an example certificate. Appendix D contains authors' addresses and Appendix E contains the IETF Copyright Statement. 1.1 Changes since RFC 3039 This specification obsoletes RFC 3039. This specification differs from RFC 3039 in the following basic areas: * Some editorial clarifications has been made to introductory sections to clarify that this profile is generally applicable to a broad type of certificates even if its prime purpose is to facilitate issuance of Qualified Certificates. * To align with RFC 3280, support for domainComponent and title attribues in subject names are included, and postalAddress is no longer supported. Santesson, Nystrom, & Polk [Page 3] INTERNET DRAFT Qualified Certificates Profile February 2004 * To align with actual usage, support for the title attribute in the subject directory attributes extension is no longer supported. * To better facilitate broad applicability of this profile some constraints on key usage settings in the key usage extension have been removed. * A new qc-Statement reflecting this second version of the profile has been defined in Section 3.2.6.1. This profile obsoletes RFC 3039 but the qc-statement reflecting compliance with RFC 3039 is also defined for backwards compatibility. 1.2 Definitions The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this document are to be interpreted as described in RFC 2119. 2 Requirements and Assumptions The term "Qualified Certificate" is used by the European Directive on Electronic Signature [EU-ESDIR] to refer to a specific type of certificates, with appliance in European electronic signature legislation. This specification is intended to support this class of certificates, but its scope is not limited to this application. Within this standard the term "Qualified Certificate" is used generally, describing a certificate whose primary purpose is to identify a person with high level of assurance, where the certificate meets some qualification requirements defined by an applicable legal framework, such as the European Directive on Electronic Signature [EU-ESDIR]. The actual mechanisms that decide whether a certificate should or should not be considered to be a "Qualified Certificate" in regard to any legislation are outside the scope of this standard. Harmonization in the field of identity certificates issued to natural persons, in particular Qualified Certificates, is essential within several aspects that fall outside the scope of RFC 3280. The most important aspects that affect the scope of this specification are: - Definition of names and identity information in order to identify the associated subject in a uniform way. - Definition of information which identifies the CA and the jurisdiction under which the CA operates when issuing a particular certificate. Santesson, Nystrom, & Polk [Page 4] INTERNET DRAFT Qualified Certificates Profile February 2004 - Definition of key usage extension usage for Qualified Certificates. - Definition of information structure for storage of biometric information. - Definition of a standardized way to store predefined statements with relevance for Qualified Certificates. - Requirements for critical extensions. 2.1 Properties This profile accommodates profiling needs for Qualified Certificates based on the assumptions that: - Qualified Certificates are issued by a CA that makes a statement that the certificate serves the purpose of a Qualified Certificate, as discussed in Section 2.2. - The Qualified Certificate indicates a certificate policy consistent with liabilities, practices and procedures undertaken by the CA, as discussed in Section 2.3. - The Qualified Certificate is issued to a natural person (living human being). - The Qualified Certificate contains a name which may be either based on the real name of the subject or a pseudonym. 2.2 Statement of Purpose This profile defines conventions to declare within a certificate that it serves the purpose of being a Qualified Certificate. This enables the CA to explicitly define this intent. The function of this declaration is thus to assist any concerned entity in evaluating the risk associated with creating or accepting signatures that are based on a Qualified Certificate. This profile defines two complementary ways to include this information: Santesson, Nystrom, & Polk [Page 5] INTERNET DRAFT Qualified Certificates Profile February 2004 - As information defined by a certificate policy included in the certificate policies extension, and - As a statement included in the Qualified Certificates Statements extension. 2.3 Policy Issues Certain policy aspects define the context in which this profile is to be understood and used. It is however outside the scope of this profile to specify any policies or legal aspects that will govern services that issue or utilize certificates according to this profile. It is however an underlying assumption in this profile that a responsible issuing CA will undertake to follow a certificate policy that is consistent with its liabilities, practices and procedures. 2.4 Uniqueness of names Distinguished name is originally defined in X.501 [X.501] as a representation of a directory name, defined as a construct that identifies a particular object from among the set of all objects. The distinguished name MUST be unique for each subject entity certified by the one CA as defined by the issuer name field, during the whole life time of the CA. Santesson, Nystrom, & Polk [Page 6] INTERNET DRAFT Qualified Certificates Profile February 2004 3 Certificate and Certificate Extensions Profile This section defines certificate profiling conventions. The profile is based on the Internet certificate profile RFC 3280 which in turn is based on the X.509 version 3 format. For full implementation of this section implementers are REQUIRED to consult the underlying formats and semantics defined in RFC 3280. ASN.1 definitions relevant for this section that are not supplied by RFC 3280 are supplied in Appendix A. 3.1 Basic Certificate Fields This specification provides additional details regarding the contents of two fields in the basic certificate. These fields are the issuer and subject fields. 3.1.1 Issuer The issuer field SHALL identify the organization responsible for issuing the certificate. The name SHOULD be an officially registered name of the organization. The distinguished name of the issuer SHALL be specified using an appropriate subset of the following attributes: domainComponent; countryName; stateOrProvinceName; organizationName; localityName; and serialNumber. Additional attributes MAY be present but they SHOULD NOT be necessary to identify the issuing organization. A relying party MAY have to consult associated certificate policies and/or the issuer's CPS, in order to determine the semantics of name fields. 3.1.2 Subject The subject field of a certificate compliant with this profile SHALL contain a distinguished name of the subject (see 2.4 for definition of distinguished name). Santesson, Nystrom, & Polk [Page 7] INTERNET DRAFT Qualified Certificates Profile February 2004 The subject field SHALL contain an appropriate subset of the following attributes: domainComponent; countryName; commonName; surname; givenName; pseudonym; serialNumber; title; organizationName; organizationalUnitName; stateOrProvinceName; and localityName. Other attributes MAY also be present; however, the use of other attributes MUST NOT be necessary to distinguish one subject name from another subject name. That is, the attributes listed above are sufficient to ensure unique subject names. Of these attributes, the subject field SHALL include at least one of the following: Choice I: commonName Choice II: givenName Choice III: pseudonym The countryName attribute value specifies a general context in which other attributes are to be understood. The country attribute does not necessarily indicate the subject's country of citizenship or country of residence, nor does it have to indicate the country of issuance. Note: Many X.500 implementations require the presence of countryName in the DIT. In cases where the subject name, as specified in the subject field, specifies a public X.500 directory entry, the countryName attribute SHOULD always be present. The commonName attribute value SHALL, when present, contain a name of the subject. This MAY be in the subject's preferred presentation format, or a format preferred by the CA, or some other format. Pseudonyms, nicknames and names with spelling other than defined by the registered name MAY be used. To understand Santesson, Nystrom, & Polk [Page 8] INTERNET DRAFT Qualified Certificates Profile February 2004 the nature of the name presented in commonName, complying applications MAY have to examine present values of the givenName and surname attributes, or the pseudonym attribute. Note: Many client implementations presuppose the presence of the commonName attribute value in the subject field and use this value to display the subject's name regardless of present givenName, surname or pseudonym attribute values. The surname and givenName attribute types SHALL be used in the subject field if neither the commonName attribute nor the pseudonym attribute is present. In cases where the subject only has a givenName the surname attribute SHALL be omitted. The pseudonym attribute type SHALL, if present, contain a pseudonym of the subject. Use of the pseudonym attribute MUST NOT be combined with use of any of the attributes surname and/or givenName. The serialNumber attribute type SHALL, when present, be used to differentiate between names where the subject field would otherwise be identical. This attribute has no defined semantics beyond ensuring uniqueness of subject names. It MAY contain a number or code assigned by the CA or an identifier assigned by a government or civil authority. It is the CA's responsibility to ensure that the serialNumber is sufficient to resolve any subject name collisions. The title attribute type SHALL, when present, be used to store a designated position or function of the subject within the organization specified by present organizational attributes in the subject field. The association between the title, the subject and the organization is beyond the scope of this document. The organizationName and the organizationalUnitName attribute types SHALL, when present, be used to store the name and relevant information of an organization with which the subject is associated. The type of association between the organization and the subject is beyond the scope of this document. The stateOrProvinceName and the localityName attribute types SHALL, when present, be used to store geographical information with which the subject is associated. If an organizationName value also is present then the stateOrProvinceName and localityName attribute values SHALL be associated with the specified organization. The type of association between the stateOrProvinceName and the localityName and either the subject or the organizationName is beyond the scope of this document. Santesson, Nystrom, & Polk [Page 9] INTERNET DRAFT Qualified Certificates Profile February 2004 Compliant implementations SHALL be able to interpret the attributes named in this section. 3.2 Certificate Extensions This specification provides profiles for two certificate fields: issuer and subject; it also provides profiles for four certificate extensions defined in RFC 3280: subject alternate name, subject directory attributes, certificate policies and key usage. This specification defines two additional extensions: biometric information and qualified certificate statements. 3.2.1 Subject Alternative Name If the subjectAltName extension is present and it contains a directoryName name, then the directoryName MUST follow the conventions specified in section 3.1.2 of this profile. 3.2.2 Subject Directory Attributes The subjectDirectoryAttributes extension MAY contain additional attributes, associated with the subject, as complement to present information in the subject field and the subject alternative name extension. Attributes suitable for storage in this extension are attributes, which are not part of the subject's distinguished name, but which MAY still be useful for other purposes (e.g., authorization). This extension MUST NOT be marked critical. Compliant implementations SHALL be able to interpret the following attributes: dateOfBirth; placeOfBirth; gender; countryOfCitizenship; and countryOfResidence. Other attributes MAY be included according to local definitions. The dateOfBirth attribute SHALL, when present, contain the value of the date of birth of the subject. The manner in which the date of birth is associated with the subject is outside the scope of this document. The date of birth is defined in the GeneralizedTime format Santesson, Nystrom, & Polk [Page 10] INTERNET DRAFT Qualified Certificates Profile February 2004 and SHOULD specify GMT 12.00.00 (noon) down to the granularity of seconds in order to prevent accidental change of date due to time zone adjustments. For example, a birth date of September 27, 1959 is encoded as "19590927120000Z". Compliant certificate parsing applications SHOULD ignore any time data and just present the contained date without any time zone adjustments. The placeOfBirth attribute SHALL, when present, contain the value of the place of birth of the subject. The manner in which the place of birth is associated with the subject is outside the scope of this document. The gender attribute SHALL, when present, contain the value of the gender of the subject. For females the value "F" (or "f") and for males the value "M" (or "m") have to be used. The manner in which the gender is associated with the subject is outside the scope of this document. The countryOfCitizenship attribute SHALL, when present, contain the identifier of at least one of the subject's claimed countries of citizenship at the time that the certificate was issued. If more than one country of citizenship is specified, then each country of citizenship SHOULD be specified through a separate, single-valued countryOfCitizenship attribute. Determination of citizenship is a matter of law and is outside the scope of this document. The countryOfResidence attribute SHALL, when present, contain the value of at least one country in which the subject is resident. If more than one country of residence is specified, then each country of residence SHOULD be specified through a separate, single-valued countryOfResidence attribute. Determination of residence is a matter of law and is outside the scope of this document. 3.2.3 Certificate Policies The certificate policies extension SHALL contain the identifier of at least one certificate policy which reflects the practices and procedures undertaken by the CA. The certificate policy extension MAY be marked critical. Information provided by the issuer stating the purpose of the certificate as discussed in Section 2.2 SHOULD be evident through indicated policies. The certificate policies extension MUST include all policy information needed for certification path validation. If policy information is included in the QCStatements extension (see 3.2.6), then this information SHOULD also be defined by indicated policies. Santesson, Nystrom, & Polk [Page 11] INTERNET DRAFT Qualified Certificates Profile February 2004 Certificate policies MAY be combined with any qualifier defined in RFC 3280. 3.2.4 Key Usage The key usage extension SHALL be present. Key usage settings SHALL be set in accordance with RFC 3280 definitions. Further requirements on key usage settings MAY be defined by local policy and/or local legal requirements. The key usage extension SHOULD be marked critical. 3.2.5 Biometric Information This section defines an extension for storage of biometric information. Biometric information is stored in the form of a hash of a biometric template. The purpose of this extension is to provide means for authentication of biometric information. The biometric information that corresponds to the stored hash is not stored in this extension, but the extension MAY include an URI referencing a file containing this information. If included, this URI does not imply that this is the only way to access this information. It is RECOMMENDED that biometric information in this extension is limited to information types suitable for human verification, i.e., where the decision of whether the information is an accurate representation of the subject is naturally performed by a person. This implies a usage where the biometric information is represented by, for example, a graphical image displayed to the relying party, which MAY be used by the relying party to enhance identification of the subject. This extension MUST NOT be marked critical. biometricInfo EXTENSION ::= { SYNTAX BiometricSyntax IDENTIFIED BY id-pe-biometricInfo } id-pe-biometricInfo OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= {id-pe 2} BiometricSyntax ::= SEQUENCE OF BiometricData BiometricData ::= SEQUENCE { typeOfBiometricData TypeOfBiometricData, hashAlgorithm AlgorithmIdentifier, biometricDataHash OCTET STRING, Santesson, Nystrom, & Polk [Page 12] INTERNET DRAFT Qualified Certificates Profile February 2004 sourceDataUri IA5String OPTIONAL } TypeOfBiometricData ::= CHOICE { predefinedBiometricType PredefinedBiometricType, biometricDataID OBJECT IDENTIFIER } PredefinedBiometricType ::= INTEGER { picture(0), handwritten-signature(1)} (picture|handwritten-signature,...) The predefined biometric type picture, when present, SHALL identify that the source picture is in the form of a displayable graphical image of the subject. The hash of the graphical image SHALL be calculated over the whole referenced image file. The predefined biometric type handwritten-signature, when present, SHALL identify that the source data is in the form of a displayable graphical image of the subject's handwritten signature. The hash of the graphical image SHALL only be calculated over the image data excluding any labels defining the image type. 3.2.6 Qualified Certificate Statements This section defines an extension for inclusion of statements defining explicit properties of the certificate. A statement suitable for inclusion in this extension MAY be a statement by the issuer that the certificate is issued as a Qualified Certificate in accordance with a particular legal system (as discussed in Section 2.2). Other statements suitable for inclusion in this extension MAY be statements related to the applicable legal jurisdiction within which the certificate is issued. As an example this MAY include a maximum reliance limit for the certificate indicating restrictions on CA's liability. Each statement SHALL include an object identifier for the statement and MAY also include optional qualifying data contained in the statementInfo parameter. If the statementInfo parameter is included then the object identifier of the statement SHALL define the syntax and SHOULD define the semantics of this parameter. If the object identifier does not define the semantics, a relying party may have to consult a relevant certificate policy or CPS to determine the exact semantics. This extension may be critical or non-critical. If the extension is critical, this means that all statements included in the extension Santesson, Nystrom, & Polk [Page 13] INTERNET DRAFT Qualified Certificates Profile February 2004 are regarded as critical. qcStatements EXTENSION ::= { SYNTAX QCStatements IDENTIFIED BY id-pe-qcStatements } -- NOTE: This extension does not allow to mix critical and -- non-critical Qualified Certificate Statements. Either all -- statements must be critical or all statements must be -- non-critical. id-pe-qcStatements OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-pe 3 } QCStatements ::= SEQUENCE OF QCStatement QCStatement ::= SEQUENCE { statementId QC-STATEMENT.&Id({SupportedStatements}), statementInfo QC-STATEMENT.&Type ({SupportedStatements}{@statementId}) OPTIONAL } SupportedStatements QC-STATEMENT ::= { qcStatement-1,...} 3.2.6.1 Predefined Statements The certificate statement (id-qcs-pkixQCSyntax-v1), identifies conformance with section 3 of the obsoleted RFC 3039 (Version 1). This statement is provided for identification of old certificates issued in conformance with RFC 3039. This statement MUST NOT be included in certificates issued in accordance with this profile. This profile includes a new qualified certificate statement (identified by the OID id-qcs-pkixQCSyntax-v2), identifying conformance with section 3 of this profile. This Qualified Certificate profile is referred to as version 2 while RFC 3039 is referred to as version 1. qcStatement-1 QC-STATEMENT ::= { SYNTAX SemanticsInformation IDENTIFIED BY id-qcs-pkixQCSyntax-v1 } -- This statement identifies conformance with syntax and -- semantics defined in RFC 3039 (Version 1). This statement may -- optionally contain additional semantics information as -- specified below. qcStatement-2 QC-STATEMENT ::= { SYNTAX SemanticsInformation IDENTIFIED BY id-qcs-pkixQCSyntax-v2 } -- This statement identifies conformance with syntax and -- semantics defined in this Qualified Certificate profile -- (Version 2). This statement may optionally contain Santesson, Nystrom, & Polk [Page 14] INTERNET DRAFT Qualified Certificates Profile February 2004 -- additional semantics information as specified below. SemanticsInformation ::= SEQUENCE { semanticsIdentifier OBJECT IDENTIFIER OPTIONAL, nameRegistrationAuthorities NameRegistrationAuthorities OPTIONAL } (WITH COMPONENTS {..., semanticsIdentifier PRESENT}| WITH COMPONENTS {..., nameRegistrationAuthorities PRESENT}) NameRegistrationAuthorities ::= SEQUENCE SIZE (1..MAX) OF GeneralName The SementicsInformation component identified by id-qcs- pkixQCSyntax-v1 MAY contain a semantics identifier and MAY identify one or more name registration authorities. The semanticsIdentifier component, if present, SHALL contain an OID, defining semantics for attributes and names in basic certificate fields and certificate extensions. The OID may define semantics for all, or for a subgroup of all present attributes and/or names. The NameRegistrationAuthorities component, if present, SHALL contain a name of one or more name registration authorities, responsible for registration of attributes or names associated with the subject. The association between an identified name registration authority and present attributes MAY be defined by a semantics identifier OID, by a certificate policy (or CPS) or some other implicit factors. If a value of type SemanticsInformation is present in a QCStatement where the statementID component is set to id-qcs-pkix-QCSyntax-v1 or id-qcs-pkix-QCSyntax-v2, then at least one of the semanticsIdentifier or nameRegistrationAuthorities fields must be present, as indicated. Note that the statementInfo component need not be present in a QCStatement value even if the statementID component is set to id-qcs- pkix-QCSyntax-v1 or id-qcs-pkix-QCSyntax-v2. Santesson, Nystrom, & Polk [Page 15] INTERNET DRAFT Qualified Certificates Profile February 2004 4 Security Considerations The legal value of a digital signature that is validated with a Qualified Certificate will be highly dependent upon the policy governing the use of the associated private key. Both the private key holder as well as the relying party should make sure that the private key is used only with the consent of the legitimate key holder. Since the public keys are for public use with legal implications for involved parties, certain conditions should exist before CAs issue certificates as Qualified Certificates. The associated private keys must be unique for the subject, and must be maintained under the subject's sole control. That is, a CA should not issue a qualified certificate if the means to use the private key is not protected against unintended usage. This implies that the CA has some knowledge about the subject's cryptographic module. The CA must further verify that the public key contained in the certificate is legitimately representing the subject. CAs should not issue CA certificates with policy mapping extensions indicating acceptance of another CA's policy unless these conditions are met. Combining the nonRepudiation bit in the keyUsage certificate extension with other keyUsage bits may have security implications depending on the context in which the certificate is to be used. Applications validating electronic signatures based on such certificates should determine whether the present key usage combination is appropriate for their use. The ability to compare two qualified certificates to determine if they represent the same physical entity is dependent on the semantics of the subjects' names. The semantics of a particular attribute may be different for different issuers. Comparing names without knowledge of the semantics of names in these particular certificates may provide misleading results. This specification is a profile of RFC 3280. The security considerations section of that document applies to this specification as well. Santesson, Nystrom, & Polk [Page 16] INTERNET DRAFT Qualified Certificates Profile February 2004 5 References Normative references [RFC 2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997. [RFC 2247] Kille, S., Wahl, M., Grimstad, A., Huber, R. and S. Sataluri, "Using Domains in LDAP/X.500 Distinguished Names", RFC 2247, January 1998. [RFC 3280] R. Housley, W. Polk, W. Ford, and D. Solo, "Internet X.509 Public Key Infrastructure: Certificate and Certificate Revocation List (CRL) Profile", RFC 3280, April 2002. [RFC 2985] Nystrom, M. and B. Kaliski, "PKCS #9: Selected Object Classes and Attribute Types Version 2.0", RFC 2985, November 2000. [X.509] ITU-T Recommendation X.509 (2000) | ISO/IEC 9594-8:2001, Information technology - Open Systems Interconnection - The Directory: Public-key and attribute certificate frameworks [X.520] ITU-T Recommendation X.520 (2001) | ISO/IEC 9594-6:2001, Information Technology - Open Systems Interconnection - The Directory: Selected Attribute Types, 2001. [X.680] ITU-T Recommendation X.680 (2002) | ISO/IEC 8824-1:2002), Information Technology - Abstract Syntax Notation One, 2002. [ISO 3166] ISO 3166-1:1997, Codes for the representation of names of countries, 1997. Informative references [X.501] ITU-T recommendation X.501 (2001) | ISO/IEC 9594-2:2001, Information Technology - Open Systems Interconnection - The Directory: Models, 2001. [EU-ESDIR] Directive 1999/93/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 13 December 1999 on a Community framework for electronic signatures, 1999. Santesson, Nystrom, & Polk [Page 17] INTERNET DRAFT Qualified Certificates Profile February 2004 6 Intellectual Property Rights The IETF takes no position regarding the validity or scope of any intellectual property or other rights that might be claimed to pertain to the implementation or use of the technology described in this document or the extent to which any license under such rights might or might not be available; neither does it represent that it has made any effort to identify any such rights. Information on the IETF's procedures with respect to rights in standards-track and standards related documentation can be found in BCP-11. Copies of claims of rights made available for publication and any assurances of licenses to be made available, or the result of an attempt made to obtain a general license or permission for the use of such proprietary rights by implementors or users of this specification can be obtained from the IETF Secretariat. The IETF invites any interested party to bring to its attention any copyrights, patents or patent applications, or other proprietary rights which may cover technology that may be required to practice this standard. Please address the information to the IETF Executive Director. Santesson, Nystrom, & Polk [Page 18] INTERNET DRAFT Qualified Certificates Profile February 2004 A. ASN.1 definitions As in RFC 3280, ASN.1 modules are supplied in two different variants of the ASN.1 syntax. Appendix A.1 is in the 1988 syntax, and does not use macros. However, since the module imports type definitions from modules in RFC 3280 which are not completely in the 1988 syntax, the same comments as in RFC 3280 regarding its use applies here as well; i.e., Appendix A.1 may be parsed by an 1988 ASN.1-parser by removing the definitions for the UNIVERSAL types and all references to them in RFC 3280's 1988 modules. Appendix A.2 is in the 1997 syntax. In case of discrepancies between these modules, the 1988 module is the normative one. A.1 1988 ASN.1 Module (Normative) PKIXqualified88 {iso(1) identified-organization(3) dod(6) internet(1) security(5) mechanisms(5) pkix(7) id-mod(0) id-mod-qualified-cert(31) } DEFINITIONS EXPLICIT TAGS ::= BEGIN -- EXPORTS ALL -- IMPORTS GeneralName FROM PKIX1Implicit88 {iso(1) identified-organization(3) dod(6) internet(1) security(5) mechanisms(5) pkix(7) id-mod(0) id-pkix1-implicit(19)} AlgorithmIdentifier, DirectoryString, AttributeType, id-pkix, id-pe FROM PKIX1Explicit88 {iso(1) identified-organization(3) dod(6) internet(1) security(5) mechanisms(5) pkix(7) id-mod(0) id-pkix1-explicit(18)}; -- Locally defined OIDs -- Arc for QC personal data attributes id-pda OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-pkix 9 } -- Arc for QC statements Santesson, Nystrom, & Polk [Page 19] INTERNET DRAFT Qualified Certificates Profile February 2004 id-qcs OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-pkix 11 } -- Personal data attributes id-pda-dateOfBirth AttributeType ::= { id-pda 1 } DateOfBirth ::= GeneralizedTime id-pda-placeOfBirth AttributeType ::= { id-pda 2 } PlaceOfBirth ::= DirectoryString id-pda-gender AttributeType ::= { id-pda 3 } Gender ::= PrintableString (SIZE(1)) -- "M", "F", "m" or "f" id-pda-countryOfCitizenship AttributeType ::= { id-pda 4 } CountryOfCitizenship ::= PrintableString (SIZE (2)) -- ISO 3166 Country Code id-pda-countryOfResidence AttributeType ::= { id-pda 5 } CountryOfResidence ::= PrintableString (SIZE (2)) -- ISO 3166 Country Code -- Certificate extensions -- Biometric info extension id-pe-biometricInfo OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= {id-pe 2} BiometricSyntax ::= SEQUENCE OF BiometricData BiometricData ::= SEQUENCE { typeOfBiometricData TypeOfBiometricData, hashAlgorithm AlgorithmIdentifier, biometricDataHash OCTET STRING, sourceDataUri IA5String OPTIONAL } TypeOfBiometricData ::= CHOICE { predefinedBiometricType PredefinedBiometricType, biometricDataOid OBJECT IDENTIFIER } PredefinedBiometricType ::= INTEGER { picture(0), handwritten-signature(1)} (picture|handwritten-signature) -- QC Statements Extension -- NOTE: This extension does not allow to mix critical and -- non-critical Qualified Certificate Statements. Either all -- statements must be critical or all statements must be Santesson, Nystrom, & Polk [Page 20] INTERNET DRAFT Qualified Certificates Profile February 2004 -- non-critical. id-pe-qcStatements OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-pe 3} QCStatements ::= SEQUENCE OF QCStatement QCStatement ::= SEQUENCE { statementId OBJECT IDENTIFIER, statementInfo ANY DEFINED BY statementId OPTIONAL} -- QC statements id-qcs-pkixQCSyntax-v1 OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-qcs 1 } -- This statement identifies conformance with syntax and -- semantics defined in RFC 3039 (Version 1). This statement may -- optionally contain additional semantics information as specified -- below. id-qcs-pkixQCSyntax-v2 OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-qcs 2 } -- This statement identifies conformance with syntax and -- semantics defined in this Qualified Certificate profile -- (Version 2). This statement may optionally contain -- additional semantics information as specified below. SemanticsInformation ::= SEQUENCE { semanticsIndentifier OBJECT IDENTIFIER OPTIONAL, nameRegistrationAuthorities NameRegistrationAuthorities OPTIONAL } -- At least one field shall be present NameRegistrationAuthorities ::= SEQUENCE SIZE (1..MAX) OF GeneralName END Santesson, Nystrom, & Polk [Page 21] INTERNET DRAFT Qualified Certificates Profile February 2004 A.2 1997 ASN.1 Module (Informative) PKIXqualified97 {iso(1) identified-organization(3) dod(6) internet(1) security(5) mechanisms(5) pkix(7) id-mod(0) id-mod-qualified-cert-97(35) } DEFINITIONS EXPLICIT TAGS ::= BEGIN -- EXPORTS ALL -- IMPORTS informationFramework, certificateExtensions, selectedAttributeTypes, authenticationFramework, upperBounds, id-at FROM UsefulDefinitions {joint-iso-itu-t(2) ds(5) module(1) usefulDefinitions(0) 3 } ub-name FROM UpperBounds upperBounds GeneralName FROM CertificateExtensions certificateExtensions ATTRIBUTE, AttributeType FROM InformationFramework informationFramework DirectoryString FROM SelectedAttributeTypes selectedAttributeTypes AlgorithmIdentifier, Extension, EXTENSION FROM AuthenticationFramework authenticationFramework id-pkix, id-pe FROM PKIX1Explicit88 { iso(1) identified-organization(3) dod(6) internet(1) security(5) mechanisms(5) pkix(7) id-mod(0) id-pkix1-explicit(18) }; -- Locally defined OIDs -- Arc for QC personal data attributes id-pda OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-pkix 9 } -- Arc for QC statements id-qcs OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-pkix 11 } -- Personal data attributes Santesson, Nystrom, & Polk [Page 22] INTERNET DRAFT Qualified Certificates Profile February 2004 id-pda-dateOfBirth AttributeType ::= { id-pda 1 } id-pda-placeOfBirth AttributeType ::= { id-pda 2 } id-pda-gender AttributeType ::= { id-pda 3 } id-pda-countryOfCitizenship AttributeType ::= { id-pda 4 } id-pda-countryOfResidence AttributeType ::= { id-pda 5 } -- Certificate extensions id-pe-biometricInfo OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-pe 2 } id-pe-qcStatements OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-pe 3 } -- QC statements id-qcs-pkixQCSyntax-v1 OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-qcs 1 } id-qcs-pkixQCSyntax-v2 OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-qcs 2 } -- Personal data attributes dateOfBirth ATTRIBUTE ::= { WITH SYNTAX GeneralizedTime ID id-pda-dateOfBirth } placeOfBirth ATTRIBUTE ::= { WITH SYNTAX DirectoryString {ub-name} ID id-pda-placeOfBirth } gender ATTRIBUTE ::= { WITH SYNTAX PrintableString (SIZE(1) ^ FROM("M"|"F"|"m"|"f")) ID id-pda-gender } countryOfCitizenship ATTRIBUTE ::= { WITH SYNTAX PrintableString (SIZE (2)) (CONSTRAINED BY { -- ISO 3166 codes only -- }) ID id-pda-countryOfCitizenship } countryOfResidence ATTRIBUTE ::= { WITH SYNTAX PrintableString (SIZE (2)) (CONSTRAINED BY { -- ISO 3166 codes only -- }) ID id-pda-countryOfResidence } -- Certificate extensions -- Biometric info extension biometricInfo EXTENSION ::= { SYNTAX BiometricSyntax IDENTIFIED BY id-pe-biometricInfo } Santesson, Nystrom, & Polk [Page 23] INTERNET DRAFT Qualified Certificates Profile February 2004 BiometricSyntax ::= SEQUENCE OF BiometricData BiometricData ::= SEQUENCE { typeOfBiometricData TypeOfBiometricData, hashAlgorithm AlgorithmIdentifier, biometricDataHash OCTET STRING, sourceDataUri IA5String OPTIONAL, ... -- For future extensions -- } TypeOfBiometricData ::= CHOICE { predefinedBiometricType PredefinedBiometricType, biometricDataOid OBJECT IDENTIFIER } PredefinedBiometricType ::= INTEGER { picture(0), handwritten-signature(1)} (picture|handwritten-signature,...) -- QC Statements Extension -- NOTE: This extension does not allow to mix critical and -- non-critical Qualified Certificate Statements. Either all -- statements must be critical or all statements must be -- non-critical. qcStatements EXTENSION ::= { SYNTAX QCStatements IDENTIFIED BY id-pe-qcStatements } QCStatements ::= SEQUENCE OF QCStatement QCStatement ::= SEQUENCE { statementId QC-STATEMENT.&id({SupportedStatements}), statementInfo QC-STATEMENT.&Type ({SupportedStatements}{@statementId}) OPTIONAL } QC-STATEMENT ::= CLASS { &id OBJECT IDENTIFIER UNIQUE, &Type OPTIONAL } WITH SYNTAX { [SYNTAX &Type] IDENTIFIED BY &id } qcStatement-1 QC-STATEMENT ::= { SYNTAX SemanticsInformation IDENTIFIED BY id-qcs-pkixQCSyntax-v1} -- This statement identifies conformance with syntax and -- semantics defined in RFC 3039 (Version 1). This statement -- may optionally contain additional semantics information -- as specified below. qcStatement-2 QC-STATEMENT ::= { SYNTAX SemanticsInformation Santesson, Nystrom, & Polk [Page 24] INTERNET DRAFT Qualified Certificates Profile February 2004 IDENTIFIED BY id-qcs-pkixQCSyntax-v2} -- This statement identifies conformance with syntax and -- semantics defined in this Qualified Certificate profile -- (Version 2). This statement may optionally contain -- additional semantics information as specified below. SemanticsInformation ::= SEQUENCE { semanticsIdentifier OBJECT IDENTIFIER OPTIONAL, nameRegistrationAuthorities NameRegistrationAuthorities OPTIONAL }(WITH COMPONENTS {..., semanticsIdentifier PRESENT}| WITH COMPONENTS {..., nameRegistrationAuthorities PRESENT}) NameRegistrationAuthorities ::= SEQUENCE SIZE (1..MAX) OF GeneralName -- The following information object set is defined to constrain the -- set of attributes applications are required to recognize as QCSs. SupportedStatements QC-STATEMENT ::= { qcStatement-1 | qcStatement-2 , ... -- For future extensions -- } END B. A Note on Attributes This document defines several new attributes, both for use in the subject field of issued certificates and in the subjectDirectoryAttributes extension. A complete definition of these new attributes (including matching rules), along with object classes to support them in LDAP-accessible directories, can be found in [PKCS 9]. Santesson, Nystrom, & Polk [Page 25] INTERNET DRAFT Qualified Certificates Profile February 2004 C. Example Certificate This section contains the ASN.1 structure, an ASN.1 dump, and the DER-encoding of a certificate issued in conformance with this profile. The example has been developed with the help of the OSS ASN.1 compiler. The certificate has the following characteristics: 1. The certificate is signed with RSA and the SHA-1 hash algorithm 2. The issuer's distinguished name is O=GMD - Forschungszentrum Informationstechnik GmbH; C=DE 3. The subject's distinguished name is CN=Petra M. Barzin, O=GMD - Forschungszentrum Informationstechnik GmbH, C=DE 4. The certificate was issued on May 1, 2000 and will expire on November 1, 2000 5. The certificate contains a 1024 bit RSA key 6. The certificate includes a critical key usage extension exclusively indicating non-repudiation 7. The certificate includes a certificate policy identifier extension indicating the practices and procedures undertaken by the issuing CA (object identifier 1.3.36.8.1.1). The certificate policy object identifier is defined by TeleTrust, Germany. It is required to be set in a certificate conformant to the German digital signature law. 8. The certificate includes a subject directory attributes extension containing the following attributes: surname: Barzin given name: Petra date of birth: October, 14th 1971 place of birth: Darmstadt country of citizenship:Germany gender: Female 9. The certificate includes a qualified statement certificate extension indicating that the naming registration authority's name as "municipality@darmstadt.de". 10. The certificate includes, in conformance with RFC 3280, an authority key identifier extension. C.1 ASN.1 Structure C.1.1 Extensions Since extensions are DER-encoded already when placed in the structure to be signed, they are for clarity shown here in the value notation defined in [X.680]. C.1.1.1 The subjectDirectoryAttributes extension petrasSubjDirAttrs AttributesSyntax ::= { Santesson, Nystrom, & Polk [Page 26] INTERNET DRAFT Qualified Certificates Profile February 2004 { type id-pda-countryOfCitizenship, values { PrintableString : "DE" } }, { type id-pda-gender, values { PrintableString : "F" } }, { type id-pda-dateOfBirth, values { GeneralizedTime : "197110140000Z" } }, { type id-pda-placeOfBirth, values { DirectoryString : utf8String : "Darmstadt" } } } C.1.1.2 The keyUsage extension petrasKeyUsage KeyUsage ::= {nonRepudiation} C.1.1.3 The certificatePolicies extension petrasCertificatePolicies CertificatePoliciesSyntax ::= { { policyIdentifier {1 3 36 8 1 1} } } C.1.1.4 The qcStatements extension petrasQCStatement QCStatements ::= { { statementId id-qcs-pkixQCSyntax-v1, statementInfo SemanticsInformation : { nameRegistrationAuthorities { rfc822Name : "municipality@darmstadt.de" } } }} Santesson, Nystrom, & Polk [Page 27] INTERNET DRAFT Qualified Certificates Profile February 2004 C.1.1.5 The authorityKeyIdentifier extension petrasAKI AuthorityKeyIdentifier ::= { keyIdentifier '000102030405060708090A0B0C0D0E0FFEDCBA98'H } C.1.2 The certificate The signed portion of the certificate is shown here in the value notation defined in [X.680]. Note that extension values are already DER encoded in this structure. Some values have been truncated for readability purposes. { version v3, serialNumber 1234567890, signature { algorithm { 1 2 840 113549 1 1 5 }, parameters RSAParams : NULL }, issuer rdnSequence : { { { type { 2 5 4 6 }, value PrintableString : "DE" } }, { { type { 2 5 4 10 }, value UTF8String : "GMD - Forschungszentrum Informationstechnik GmbH" } } }, validity { notBefore utcTime : "000501100000Z", notAfter utcTime : "001101100000Z" }, subject rdnSequence : { { { Santesson, Nystrom, & Polk [Page 28] INTERNET DRAFT Qualified Certificates Profile February 2004 type { 2 5 4 6 }, value PrintableString : "DE" } }, { { type { 2 5 4 10 }, value UTF8String : "GMD Forschungszentrum Informationstechnik GmbH" } }, { { type { 2 5 4 4 }, value UTF8String : "Barzin" }, { type { 2 5 4 42 }, value UTF8String : "Petra" } } }, subjectPublicKeyInfo { algorithm { algorithm { 1 2 840 113549 1 1 1 }, parameters RSAParams : NULL }, subjectPublicKey '00110000 10000001 10000111 00000010 1000 ...'B }, extensions { { extnId { 2 5 29 9 }, -- subjectDirectoryAttributes extnValue '305B301006082B06010505070904310413024445300F0 ...'H }, { extnId { 2 5 29 15 }, -- keyUsage critical TRUE, extnValue '03020640'H }, { extnId { 2 5 29 32 }, -- certificatePolicies extnValue '3009300706052B24080101'H }, { extnId { 2 5 29 35 }, -- authorityKeyIdentifier Santesson, Nystrom, & Polk [Page 29] INTERNET DRAFT Qualified Certificates Profile February 2004 extnValue '30168014000102030405060708090A0B0C0D0E0FFEDCBA98'H }, { extnId { 1 3 6 1 5 5 7 1 3 }, -- qcStatements extnValue '302B302906082B06010505070B01301D301B81196D756 ...'H } } } Santesson, Nystrom, & Polk [Page 30] INTERNET DRAFT Qualified Certificates Profile February 2004 C.2 ASN.1 dump This section contains an ASN.1 dump of the signed portion of the certificate. Some values has been truncated for readability purposes. TBSCertificate SEQUENCE: tag = [UNIVERSAL 16] constructed; length = 631 version : tag = [0] constructed; length = 3 Version INTEGER: tag = [UNIVERSAL 2] primitive; length = 1 2 serialNumber CertificateSerialNumber INTEGER: tag = [UNIVERSAL 2] primitive; length = 4 1234567890 signature AlgorithmIdentifier SEQUENCE: tag = [UNIVERSAL 16] constructed; length = 13 algorithm OBJECT IDENTIFIER: tag = [UNIVERSAL 6] primitive; length = 9 { 1 2 840 113549 1 1 5 } parameters OpenType: NULL: tag = [UNIVERSAL 5] primitive; length = 0 NULL issuer Name CHOICE rdnSequence RDNSequence SEQUENCE OF: tag = [UNIVERSAL 16] constructed; length = 72 RelativeDistinguishedName SET OF: tag = [UNIVERSAL 17] constructed; length = 11 AttributeTypeAndValue SEQUENCE: tag = [UNIVERSAL 16] constructed; length = 9 type OBJECT IDENTIFIER: tag = [UNIVERSAL 6] primitive; length = 3 { 2 5 4 6 } value OpenType: PrintableString: tag = [UNIVERSAL 19] primitive; length = 2 "DE" RelativeDistinguishedName SET OF: tag = [UNIVERSAL 17] constructed; length = 57 AttributeTypeAndValue SEQUENCE: tag = [UNIVERSAL 16] constructed; length = 55 type OBJECT IDENTIFIER: tag = [UNIVERSAL 6] primitive; length = 3 { 2 5 4 10 } value OpenType : UTF8String: tag = [UNIVERSAL 12] primitive; length = 48 0x474d44202d20466f72736368756e67737a656e7472756d2049... validity Validity SEQUENCE: tag = [UNIVERSAL 16] constructed; length = 30 notBefore Time CHOICE Santesson, Nystrom, & Polk [Page 31] INTERNET DRAFT Qualified Certificates Profile February 2004 utcTime UTCTime: tag = [UNIVERSAL 23] primitive; length = 13 000501100000Z notAfter Time CHOICE utcTime UTCTime: tag = [UNIVERSAL 23] primitive; length = 13 001101100000Z subject Name CHOICE rdnSequence RDNSequence SEQUENCE OF: tag = [UNIVERSAL 16] constructed; length = 101 RelativeDistinguishedName SET OF: tag = [UNIVERSAL 17] constructed; length = 11 AttributeTypeAndValue SEQUENCE: tag = [UNIVERSAL 16] constructed; length = 9 type OBJECT IDENTIFIER: tag = [UNIVERSAL 6] primitive; length = 3 { 2 5 4 6 } value OpenType: PrintableString: tag = [UNIVERSAL 19] primitive; length = 2 "DE" RelativeDistinguishedName SET OF: tag = [UNIVERSAL 17] constructed; length = 55 AttributeTypeAndValue SEQUENCE: tag = [UNIVERSAL 16] constructed; length = 53 type OBJECT IDENTIFIER: tag = [UNIVERSAL 6] primitive; length = 3 { 2 5 4 10 } value OpenType: UTF8String: tag = [UNIVERSAL 12] primitive; length = 46 0x474d4420466f72736368756e67737a656e7472756d20496e66... RelativeDistinguishedName SET OF: tag = [UNIVERSAL 17] constructed; length = 29 AttributeTypeAndValue SEQUENCE: tag = [UNIVERSAL 16] constructed; length = 13 type OBJECT IDENTIFIER: tag = [UNIVERSAL 6] primitive; length = 3 { 2 5 4 4 } value OpenType: UTF8String: tag = [UNIVERSAL 12] primitive; length = 6 0x4261727a696e AttributeTypeAndValue SEQUENCE: tag = [UNIVERSAL 16] constructed; length = 12 type OBJECT IDENTIFIER: tag = [UNIVERSAL 6] primitive; length = 3 { 2 5 4 42 } value OpenType: UTF8String: tag = [UNIVERSAL 12] primitive; length = 5 0x5065747261 subjectPublicKeyInfo SubjectPublicKeyInfo SEQUENCE: tag = [UNIVERSAL 16] constructed; length = 157 Santesson, Nystrom, & Polk [Page 32] INTERNET DRAFT Qualified Certificates Profile February 2004 algorithm AlgorithmIdentifier SEQUENCE: tag = [UNIVERSAL 16] constructed; length = 13 algorithm OBJECT IDENTIFIER: tag = [UNIVERSAL 6] primitive; length = 9 { 1 2 840 113549 1 1 1 } parameters OpenType: NULL: tag = [UNIVERSAL 5] primitive; length = 0 NULL subjectPublicKey BIT STRING: tag = [UNIVERSAL 3] primitive; length = 139 0x0030818702818100b8488400d4b6088be48ead459ca19ec717aaf3d1d... extensions : tag = [3] constructed; length = 233 Extensions SEQUENCE OF: tag = [UNIVERSAL 16] constructed; length = 230 Extension SEQUENCE: tag = [UNIVERSAL 16] constructed; length = 100 extnId OBJECT IDENTIFIER: tag = [UNIVERSAL 6] primitive; length = 3 { 2 5 29 9 } extnValue OCTET STRING: tag = [UNIVERSAL 4] primitive; length = 93 0x305b301006082b06010505070904310413024445300f06082b060... Extension SEQUENCE: tag = [UNIVERSAL 16] constructed; length = 14 extnId OBJECT IDENTIFIER: tag = [UNIVERSAL 6] primitive; length = 3 { 2 5 29 15 } critical BOOLEAN: tag = [UNIVERSAL 1] primitive; length = 1 TRUE extnValue OCTET STRING: tag = [UNIVERSAL 4] primitive; length = 4 0x03020640 Extension SEQUENCE: tag = [UNIVERSAL 16] constructed; length = 18 extnId OBJECT IDENTIFIER: tag = [UNIVERSAL 6] primitive; length = 3 { 2 5 29 32 } extnValue OCTET STRING: tag = [UNIVERSAL 4] primitive; length = 11 0x3009300706052b24080101 Extension SEQUENCE: tag = [UNIVERSAL 16] constructed; length = 31 extnId OBJECT IDENTIFIER: tag = [UNIVERSAL 6] primitive; length = 3 { 2 5 29 35 } extnValue OCTET STRING: tag = [UNIVERSAL 4] primitive; length = 24 Santesson, Nystrom, & Polk [Page 33] INTERNET DRAFT Qualified Certificates Profile February 2004 0x30168014000102030405060708090a0b0c0d0e0ffedcba98 Extension SEQUENCE: tag = [UNIVERSAL 16] constructed; length = 57 extnId OBJECT IDENTIFIER: tag = [UNIVERSAL 6] primitive; length = 8 { 1 3 6 1 5 5 7 1 3 } extnValue OCTET STRING: tag = [UNIVERSAL 4] primitive; length = 45 0x302b302906082b06010505070b01301d301b81196d756e6963697... C.3 DER-encoding This section contains the full, DER-encoded certificate, in hex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s public RSA key This section contains the DER-encoded public RSA key of the CA who signed the example certificate. It is included with the purpose of simplifying verifications of the example certificate. 30818902818100ad1f35964b3674c807b9f8a645d2c8174e514b69a4b46a7382 915abbc44eccede914dae8fcc023abcea9c53380e641795cb0dda664b872fc10 Santesson, Nystrom, & Polk [Page 34] INTERNET DRAFT Qualified Certificates Profile February 2004 9f9bbb852bf42d994f634c681608e388dce240b558513e5b60027bd1a07cef9c 9b6db37c7e1f1abd238eed96e4b669056b260f55e83f14e6027127c9deb3ad18 afcd3f8a5f5bf50203010001 Authors' Addresses Stefan Santesson Microsoft Denmark Tuborg Boulevard 12 DK-2900 Hellerup Denmark EMail: stefans@microsoft.com Tim Polk NIST Building 820, Room 426 Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA EMail: wpolk@nist.gov Magnus Nystrom RSA Security Box 10704 S-121 29 Stockholm Sweden EMail: magnus@rsasecurity.com Santesson, Nystrom, & Polk [Page 35] INTERNET DRAFT Qualified Certificates Profile February 2004 Full Copyright Statement Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2004). All Rights Reserved. This document and translations of it may be copied and furnished to others, and derivative works that comment on or otherwise explain it or assist in its implementation may be prepared, copied, published and distributed, in whole or in part, without restriction of any kind, provided that the above copyright notice and this paragraph are included on all such copies and derivative works. In addition, the ASN.1 modules presented in Appendices A and B may be used in whole or in part without inclusion of the copyright notice. However, this document itself may not be modified in any way, such as by removing the copyright notice or references to the Internet Society or other Internet organizations, except as needed for the purpose of developing Internet standards in which case the procedures for copyrights defined in the Internet Standards process shall be followed, or as required to translate it into languages other than English. The limited permissions granted above are perpetual and will not be revoked by the Internet Society or its successors or assigns. This document and the information contained herein is provided on an "AS IS" basis and THE INTERNET SOCIETY AND THE INTERNET ENGINEERING TASK FORCE DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY WARRANTY THAT THE USE OF THE INFORMATION HEREIN WILL NOT INFRINGE ANY RIGHTS OR ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. Santesson, Nystrom, & Polk [Page 36]