Network Working Group F. Templin Internet-Draft Nokia Expires: March 10, 2004 T. Gleeson Cisco Systems K.K. M. Talwar D. Thaler Microsoft Corporation September 10, 2003 Intra-Site Automatic Tunnel Addressing Protocol (ISATAP) draft-ietf-ngtrans-isatap-15.txt Status of this Memo This document is an Internet-Draft and is in full conformance with all provisions of Section 10 of RFC2026. Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF), its areas, and its working groups. Note that other groups may also distribute working documents as Internet-Drafts. Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any time. It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference material or to cite them other than as "work in progress." The list of current Internet-Drafts can be accessed at http:// www.ietf.org/ietf/1id-abstracts.txt. The list of Internet-Draft Shadow Directories can be accessed at http://www.ietf.org/shadow.html. This Internet-Draft will expire on March 10, 2004. Copyright Notice Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2003). All Rights Reserved. Abstract This document specifies an Intra-Site Automatic Tunnel Addressing Protocol (ISATAP) that connects IPv6 hosts and routers within IPv4 sites. ISATAP treats the site's IPv4 unicast infrastructure as a link layer for IPv6. ISATAP enables intra-site automatic IPv6-in-IPv4 tunneling whether globally assigned or private IPv4 addresses are used. Templin, et al. Expires March 10, 2004 [Page 1] Internet-Draft ISATAP September 2003 Table of Contents 1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 2. Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 3. Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 4. Basic IPv6 Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 5. Automatic Tunneling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 6. Neighbor Discovery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 7. Address Autoconfiguration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 8. IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 9. Security considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 10. Acknowledgements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Authors' Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 A. Major Changes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 B. Rationale for Interface Identifier Construction . . . . . . . 14 C. Deployment Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 D. Other Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Intellectual Property and Copyright Statements . . . . . . . . 17 Templin, et al. Expires March 10, 2004 [Page 2] Internet-Draft ISATAP September 2003 1. Introduction This document presents a simple approach called the Intra-Site Automatic Tunnel Addressing Protocol (ISATAP) that enables incremental deployment of IPv6 [RFC2460] within IPv4 [RFC0791] sites. ISATAP allows dual-stack nodes that do not share a link with an IPv6 router to automatically tunnel packets to the IPv6 next-hop address through IPv4, i.e., the site's IPv4 infrastructure is treated as a link layer for IPv6. Specific details for the operation of IPv6 and automatic tunneling using ISATAP are given, including an interface identifier format that embeds an IPv4 address. This format supports IPv6 address configuration and simple link-layer address mapping. Also specified is the operation of IPv6 Neighbor Discovery and deployment/security considerations. 2. Requirements The keywords MUST, MUST NOT, REQUIRED, SHALL, SHALL NOT, SHOULD, SHOULD NOT, RECOMMENDED, MAY, and OPTIONAL, when they appear in this document, are to be interpreted as described in [RFC2119]. This document also makes use of internal conceptual variables to describe protocol behavior and external variables that an implementation must allow system administrators to change. The specific variable names, how their values change, and how their settings influence protocol behavior are provided to demonstrate protocol behavior. An implementation is not required to have them in the exact form described here, so long as its external behavior is consistent with that described in this document. 3. Terminology The terminology of [RFC2460] applies to this document. The following additional terms are defined: site: same as defined in [RFC3582], which is intended to be equivalent to "enterprise" as defined in [RFC1918]. link, on-link, off-link: same as defined in ([RFC2461], section 2.1). underlying link: a link layer that supports IPv4 (for ISATAP), and MAY also support IPv6 natively. Templin, et al. Expires March 10, 2004 [Page 3] Internet-Draft ISATAP September 2003 ISATAP interface: an interface configured over one or more underlying links. advertising ISATAP interface: same meaning as "advertising interface" in ([RFC2461], section 6.2.2). ISATAP address: an address with an on-link prefix assigned on an ISATAP interface and with an interface identifier constructed as specified in Section 4.1. 4. Basic IPv6 Operation ISATAP interfaces automatically tunnel IPv6 packets using the site's IPv4 infrastructure as a link layer for IPv6, i.e., IPv6 treats the site's IPv4 infrastructure as a Non-Broadcast, Multiple Access (NBMA) link layer, with properties similar to [RFC2491]. The following ISATAP-specific considerations are noted for basic IPv6 operation: 4.1 Interface Identifiers and Unicast Addresses ISATAP interface identifiers use "modified EUI-64" format ([RFC3513], section 2.5.1) and are formed by appending an IPv4 address assigned to an underlying link to the 32-bit string '00-00-5E-FE'. Appendix B includes non-normative rationale for this construction rule. IPv6 global and local-use ([RFC3513], sections 2.5.4, 2.5.6) ISATAP addresses are constructed as follows: | 64 bits | 32 bits | 32 bits | +------------------------------+---------------+----------------+ | global/local unicast prefix | 0000:5EFE | IPv4 Address | +------------------------------+---------------+----------------+ 4.2 ISATAP Interface Configuration ISATAP interfaces are configured over one or more underlying links that support IPv4 for tunneling within a site; each IPv4 address assigned to an underlying link is seen as a link-layer address for ISATAP. 4.3 Multicast and Anycast ISATAP interfaces recognize an IPv6 node's required addresses ([RFC3513], section 2.8), including certain multicast/anycast Templin, et al. Expires March 10, 2004 [Page 4] Internet-Draft ISATAP September 2003 addresses. Mechanisms for multicast/anycast emulation on ISATAP interfaces (e.g., MARS [RFC2022], etc.) are out of scope. 5. Automatic Tunneling The common tunneling mechanisms specified in ([MECH], sections 2 and 3) are used, with the following noted considerations for ISATAP: 5.1 Tunnel MTU and Fragmentation ISATAP automatic tunnel interfaces may be configured over multiple underlying links with diverse maximum transmission units (MTUs). The minimum MTU for IPv6 interfaces is 1280 bytes ([RFC2460], Section 5), but the following considerations apply for ISATAP interfaces: o Nearly all IPv4 nodes connect to physical links with MTUs of 1500 bytes or larger (e.g., Ethernet) o Sub-IPv4 layer encapsulations (e.g., VPN) may occur on some paths o Commonly-deployed VPN interfaces use an MTU of 1400 bytes To maximize efficiency and minimize IPv4 fragmentation for the predominant deployment case, LinkMTU ([RFC2461], Section 6.3.2) for the ISATAP interface SHOULD be set to no more than 1380 bytes (1400 minus 20 bytes for IPv4 encapsulation). LinkMTU MAY be set to larger values when a dynamic link layer MTU discovery mechanism is used or when a static MTU assignment is used and the anticipated/measured level of fragmentation in the site's IPv4 network is deemed acceptable. When a dynamic link layer MTU discovery mechanism is not used, the ISATAP interface MUST NOT encapsulate IPv6 packets with the Don't Fragment (DF) bit set in the encapsulating IPv4 header. 5.2 Handling IPv4 ICMP Errors ARP failures and persistent ICMPv4 errors SHOULD be processed as link-specific information indicating that a path to a neighbor has failed ([RFC2461], section 7.3.3). 5.3 Local-Use IPv6 Unicast Addresses The specification in ([MECH], section 3.7) is not used; the specification in Section 4.1 is used instead. Templin, et al. Expires March 10, 2004 [Page 5] Internet-Draft ISATAP September 2003 5.4 Ingress Filtering The specification in ([MECH], section 3.9) is used. Additionally, packets received on an ISATAP interface with an ISATAP network-layer (IPv6) source address that does not embed the link-layer (IPv4) source address in the interface identifier are silently discarded. 6. Neighbor Discovery The specification in ([MECH], section 3.8) applies only to configured tunnels. [RFC2461] provides the following guidelines for non-broadcast multiple access (NBMA) link support: "Redirect, Neighbor Unreachability Detection and next-hop determination should be implemented as described in this document. Address resolution and the mechanism for delivering Router Solicitations and Advertisements on NBMA links is not specified in this document." ISATAP interfaces SHOULD implement Redirect, Neighbor Unreachability Detection, and next-hop determination exactly as specified in [RFC2461]. Address resolution and the mechanisms for delivering Router Solicitations and Advertisements are not specified by [RFC2461]; instead, they are specified in the following sections of this document. 6.1 Address Resolution and Neighbor Unreachability Detection ISATAP addresses are resolved to link-layer (IPv4) addresses by a static computation, i.e., the last four octets are treated as an IPv4 address. Hosts SHOULD perform an initial reachability confirmation by sending Neighbor Solicitation (NS) message(s) and receiving a Neighbor Advertisement (NA) message as specified in ([RFC2461], section 7.2). Unless otherwise specified in a future document, solicitations are sent to the target's unicast address. Hosts SHOULD additionally perform Neighbor Unreachability Detection (NUD) as specified in ([RFC2461], section 7.3). Routers MAY perform these reachability confirmation and NUD procedures, but this might not scale in all environments. All ISATAP nodes MUST send solicited neighbor advertisements ([RFC2461], section 7.2.4). Templin, et al. Expires March 10, 2004 [Page 6] Internet-Draft ISATAP September 2003 6.2 Duplicate Address Detection Duplicate Address Detection ([RFC2462], section 5.4) is not required for ISATAP addresses, since duplicate address detection is assumed to have been already performed for the IPv4 addresses from which they derive. 6.3 Router and Prefix Discovery The following sections describe mechanisms to support the router and prefix discovery process ([RFC2461], section 6): 6.3.1 Conceptual Data Structures ISATAP nodes use the conceptual data structures Prefix List and Default Router List exactly as in ([RFC2461], section 5.1). ISATAP adds a new conceptual data structure "Potential Router List" (PRL) and the following new configuration variable: PrlRefreshInterval Time in seconds between successive refreshments of the PRL after initialization. It SHOULD be no less than 3,600 seconds. The designated value of all 1's (0xffffffff) represents infinity. Default: 3,600 seconds A PRL is associated with every ISATAP interface and supports the mechanisms specified in Section 6.3.4. Each entry in the PRL ("PRL(i)") has an associated timer ("TIMER(i)"), and an IPv4 address ("V4ADDR(i)") that represents a site border router's advertising ISATAP interface. When a node enables an ISATAP interface, it initializes the PRL with IPv4 addresses. The addresses MAY be discovered via a DHCPv4 [RFC2131] option for ISATAP, manual configuration, or an unspecified alternate method (e.g., DHCPv4 vendor-specific option, etc.). When no other mechanisms are available, a DNS fully-qualified domain name (FQDN) [RFC1035] established by an out-of-band method (e.g., DHCPv4, manual configuration, etc.) MAY be used. The FQDN is resolved into IPv4 addresses for the PRL through a static host file, a site-specific name service, querying a DNS server within the site, or an unspecified alternate method. There are no mandatory rules for the selection of a FQDN, but manual configuration MUST be supported. When DNS is used, client resolvers use the IPv4 transport. After initialization, nodes periodically refresh the PRL (i.e., using one or more of the methods described above) after PrlRefreshInterval. Templin, et al. Expires March 10, 2004 [Page 7] Internet-Draft ISATAP September 2003 6.3.2 Validation of Router Advertisements Messages The specification in ([RFC2461], section 6.1.2) is used. 6.3.3 Router Specification Routers with advertising ISATAP interfaces behave the same as described in ([RFC2461], section 6.2). As permitted by ([RFC2461], section 6.2.6), advertising ISATAP interfaces SHOULD send unicast RA messages to a soliciting host's unicast address when the solicitation's source address is not the unspecified address. 6.3.4 Host Specification Hosts behave the same as described in ([RFC2461], section 6.3) with the following additional considerations for ISATAP: 6.3.4.1 Soliciting Router Advertisements Hosts solicit Router Advertisements (RAs) by sending Router Solicitations (RSs) to advertising ISATAP interfaces in the PRL. The manner of selecting PRL(i)'s for solicitation is up to the implementation. Hosts add the following variable to support the solicitation process: MinRouterSolicitInterval Minimum time in seconds between successive solicitations of the same advertising ISATAP interface. It SHOULD be no less than 900 seconds. Default: 900 seconds RS messages use a link-local unicast address from the ISATAP interface as the IPv6 source address. 6.3.4.2 Router Advertisement Processing RAs received from a member of the PRL (i.e., RAs with an ISATAP IPv6 source address that embeds V4ADDR(i) for some PRL(i)) are processed exactly as specified in ([RFC2461], section 6.3.4). Additionally, hosts reset TIMER(i) to schedule the next solicitation event (see: Section 6.3.4.1). Let "MIN_LIFETIME" be the minimum value in the Router Lifetime or the lifetime(s) encoded in options included in the RA message. Then, TIMER(i) is reset as follows: TIMER(i) = MAX((0.5 * MIN_LIFETIME), MinRouterSolicitInterval) RAs received from a router other than a member of the PRL are Templin, et al. Expires March 10, 2004 [Page 8] Internet-Draft ISATAP September 2003 processed as specified in ([RFC2461], section 6.3.4) except that any RA contents ([RFC2461], section 6.2.3) that would alter ISATAP link parameters are silently ignored. In particular, non-zero values in the Router Lifetime, M and O flags, Cur Hop Limit, Reachable Time, and Retrans Timer as well as prefix options with the L and/or A bits set are ignored. If the MTU option is present, the option's value SHOULD be stored in a per-neighbor cache entry for the source of the RA; it MUST NOT be copied into LinkMTU for the ISATAP link. 7. Address Autoconfiguration Hosts invoke stateless address autoconfiguration under the conditions specified in ([RFC2462], sections 5.5). Hosts invoke stateful address autoconfiguration under the conditions specified in ([RFC2462], section 5.5). When DHCPv6 [RFC3315] is used, hosts send messages to the "All_DHCP_Relay_Agents_and_Servers" multicast address ([RFC3315], sections 1.2 and 1.3). Sending implementations map the "All_DHCP_Relay_Agents_and_Servers" multicast address to a link-layer (IPv4) address by selecting V4ADDR(i) for some PRL(i). When the site supports the DHCPv6 service, the server/relay function MUST be deployed equally on each router that is a member of the PRL. 8. IANA Considerations The IANA is advised to specify construction rules for IEEE EUI-64 addresses formed from the Organizationally Unique Identifier (OUI) "00-00-5E" in the IANA "ethernet-numbers" registry. The non-normative text in Appendix B is offered as an example specification. 9. Security considerations ISATAP site border routers MUST implement IPv6 and IPv4 ingress filtering and in particular MUST discard any packets originating from outside of the site that use an IP address from the site as the source address. Additionally, site border routers MUST implement ip-protocol-41 filtering by not allowing packets for that protocol in and out of the site. Finally, site border routers MUST NOT forward any packets with local-use source or destination addresses outside of the site ([RFC3513], section 2.5.6). Even with IPv4 and IPv6 ingress filtering, reflection attacks can originate from compromised nodes within an ISATAP site that spoof IPv6 source addresses. Security mechanisms for reflection attack mitigation SHOULD be used in routers with advertising ISATAP interfaces. At a minimum, site border routers SHOULD log potential Templin, et al. Expires March 10, 2004 [Page 9] Internet-Draft ISATAP September 2003 source address spoofing cases. Site administrators maintain a list of IPv4 addresses representing advertising ISATAP interfaces and make them available via one or more of the mechanisms described in Section 6.3.1. The list can include IPv4 anycast address(es) but administrators are advised to consider operational implications of anycast (e.g., see: [RFC1546]). ISATAP addresses do not support privacy extensions for stateless address autoconfiguration [RFC3041]. 10. Acknowledgements Portions of this work were derived from SRI International internal funds and government contracts. Government sponsors include Monica Farah-Stapleton and Russell Langan (U.S. Army CECOM ASEO), and Dr. Allen Moshfegh (U.S. Office of Naval Research). SRI International sponsors include Dr. Mike Frankel, J. Peter Marcotullio, Lou Rodriguez, and Dr. Ambatipudi Sastry. The following are acknowledged for providing peer review input: Jim Bound, Rich Draves, Cyndi Jung, Ambatipudi Sastry, Aaron Schrader, Ole Troan, Vlad Yasevich. The following additional individuals are acknowledged for their contributions: Rich Draves, Alain Durand, Nathan Lutchansky, Karen Nielsen, Mohan Parthasarathy, Art Shelest, Pekka Savola, Margaret Wasserman, Brian Zill. The authors also acknowledge the work of Quang Nguyen [VET] under the guidance of Dr. Lixia Zhang that proposed very similar ideas to those that appear in this document. This work was first brought to the authors' attention on September 20, 2002. Normative References [MECH] Gilligan, R. and E. Nordmark, "Basic Transition Mechanisms for IPv6 Hosts and Routers", draft-ietf-v6ops-mech-v2-00 (work in progress), February 2003. [RFC0791] Postel, J., "Internet Protocol", STD 5, RFC 791, September 1981. [RFC2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997. [RFC2460] Deering, S. and R. Hinden, "Internet Protocol, Version 6 (IPv6) Specification", RFC 2460, December 1998. Templin, et al. Expires March 10, 2004 [Page 10] Internet-Draft ISATAP September 2003 [RFC2461] Narten, T., Nordmark, E. and W. Simpson, "Neighbor Discovery for IP Version 6 (IPv6)", RFC 2461, December 1998. [RFC2462] Thomson, S. and T. Narten, "IPv6 Stateless Address Autoconfiguration", RFC 2462, December 1998. [RFC3513] Hinden, R. and S. Deering, "Internet Protocol Version 6 (IPv6) Addressing Architecture", RFC 3513, April 2003. Informative References [RFC1035] Mockapetris, P., "Domain names - implementation and specification", STD 13, RFC 1035, November 1987. [RFC1546] Partridge, C., Mendez, T. and W. Milliken, "Host Anycasting Service", RFC 1546, November 1993. [RFC1918] Rekhter, Y., Moskowitz, R., Karrenberg, D., Groot, G. and E. Lear, "Address Allocation for Private Internets", BCP 5, RFC 1918, February 1996. [RFC2022] Armitage, G., "Support for Multicast over UNI 3.0/3.1 based ATM Networks", RFC 2022, November 1996. [RFC2131] Droms, R., "Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol", RFC 2131, March 1997. [RFC2491] Armitage, G., Schulter, P., Jork, M. and G. Harter, "IPv6 over Non-Broadcast Multiple Access (NBMA) networks", RFC 2491, January 1999. [RFC3041] Narten, T. and R. Draves, "Privacy Extensions for Stateless Address Autoconfiguration in IPv6", RFC 3041, January 2001. [RFC3315] Droms, R., Bound, J., Volz, B., Lemon, T., Perkins, C. and M. Carney, "Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol for IPv6 (DHCPv6)", RFC 3315, July 2003. [RFC3582] Abley, J., Black, B. and V. Gill, "Goals for IPv6 Site-Multihoming Architectures", RFC 3582, August 2003. [VET] Nguyen, Q., "http://irl.cs.ucla.edu/vet/report.ps", spring 1998. Templin, et al. Expires March 10, 2004 [Page 11] Internet-Draft ISATAP September 2003 Authors' Addresses Fred L. Templin Nokia 313 Fairchild Drive Mountain View, CA 94110 US Phone: +1 650 625 2331 EMail: ftemplin@iprg.nokia.com Tim Gleeson Cisco Systems K.K. Shinjuku Mitsu Building 2-1-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku Tokyo 163-0409 Japan EMail: tgleeson@cisco.com Mohit Talwar Microsoft Corporation One Microsoft Way Redmond, WA> 98052-6399 US Phone: +1 425 705 3131 EMail: mohitt@microsoft.com Dave Thaler Microsoft Corporation One Microsoft Way Redmond, WA 98052-6399 US Phone: +1 425 703 8835 EMail: dthaler@microsoft.com Appendix A. Major Changes changes from version 14 to version 15: o several editorial changes o revised Security; IANA considerations Templin, et al. Expires March 10, 2004 [Page 12] Internet-Draft ISATAP September 2003 o revised Section 6.3.4.2 o added new section on ingress filtering o revised stateful autoconfiguration and moved to new section o removed overly-restrictive text at end of Section 6.3.4.1 changes from version 13 to version 14: o removed applicability statement; applicability TBD by v6ops o updated deployment/site admin sections; moved to appendices o new text on "L" bit in prefix options in section 7.3.4.2 o removed extraneous text in Security Considerations o fixed "layering bug" in section 7.3.4.3 o revised "ISATAP address" definition o updated references for RFC 3315; 3513 changes from earlier versions to version 13: o Revised ISATAP interface/link terminology o Returned to using symbolic reference names o Revised MTU section; moved non-normative MTU text to separate document o Added multicast/anycast subsection o Revised PRL initialization o Updated neighbor discovery, security consideration sections o Rearranged/revised sections 5, 6, 7 o Added stateful autoconfiguration mechanism o Normative references to RFC 2491, RFC 2462 o Moved non-normative MTU text to appendix C o clarified address resolution, Neighbor Unreachability Detection Templin, et al. Expires March 10, 2004 [Page 13] Internet-Draft ISATAP September 2003 o specified MTU/MRU requirements o Addressed operational issues identified in 05 based on discussion between co-authors o Clarified ambiguous text per comments from Hannu Flinck; Jason Goldschmidt o Moved historical text in section 4.1 to Appendix B in response to comments from Pekka Savola o Identified operational issues for anticipated deployment scenarios o Included reference to Quang Nguyen work Appendix B. Rationale for Interface Identifier Construction ISATAP specifies an EUI64-format address construction for the Organizationally-Unique Identifier (OUI) owned by the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA). This format (given below) is used to construct both native EUI64 addresses for general use and modified EUI-64 format interface identifiers for IPv6 unicast addresses: |0 2|2 3|3 3|4 6| |0 3|4 1|2 9|0 3| +------------------------+--------+--------+------------------------+ | OUI ("00-00-5E"+u+g) | TYPE | TSE | TSD | +------------------------+--------+--------+------------------------+ Where the fields are: OUI IANA's OUI: 00-00-5E with 'u' and 'g' bits (3 octets) TYPE Type field; specifies use of (TSE, TSD) (1 octet) TSE Type-Specific Extension (1 octet) TSD Type-Specific Data (3 octets) And the following interpretations are specified based on TYPE: TYPE (TSE, TSD) Interpretation ---- ------------------------- 0x00-0xFD RESERVED for future IANA use 0xFE (TSE, TSD) together contain an embedded IPv4 address 0xFF TSD is interpreted based on TSE as follows: Templin, et al. Expires March 10, 2004 [Page 14] Internet-Draft ISATAP September 2003 TSE TSD Interpretation --- ------------------ 0x00-0xFD RESERVED for future IANA use 0xFE TSD contains 24-bit EUI-48 intf id 0xFF RESERVED by IEEE/RAC Thus, if TYPE=0xFE, TSE is an extension of TSD. If TYPE=0xFF, TSE is an extension of TYPE. Other values for TYPE (thus, other interpretations of TSE, TSD) are reserved for future IANA use. The above specification is compatible with all aspects of EUI64, including support for encapsulating legacy EUI-48 interface identifiers (e.g., an IANA EUI-48 format multicast address such as: '01-00-5E-01-02-03' is encapsulated as: '01-00-5E-FF-FE-01-02-03'). But, the specification also provides a special TYPE (0xFE) to indicate an IPv4 address is embedded. Thus, when the first four octets of an IPv6 interface identifier are: '00-00-5E-FE' (note: the 'u/l' bit MUST be 0) the interface identifier is said to be in "ISATAP format" and the next four octets embed an IPv4 address encoded in network byte order. Appendix C. Deployment Considerations Hosts can enable ISATAP, e.g., when native IPv6 service is unavailable. When native IPv6 service is acquired, hosts can discontinue the ISATAP router solicitation process (Section 6.3.4) and/or allow associated state to expire (see: [RFC2461], section 5.3 and [RFC2462], section 5.5.4). In this case, any associated addresses added to the DNS should also be removed. Routers can configure both native IPv6 and ISATAP interfaces over the same physical link. The prefixes used on each interface will be distinct, and normal IPv6 routing between the interfaces can occur. Routers can obtain IPv6 prefix delegations from a server via an ISATAP interface and advertise the delegated prefix(es) on other IPv6 interface(s). Responsible administration can reduce control traffic overhead associated with router and prefix discovery. Appendix D. Other Considerations The Potential Router List (PRL) contains the IPv4 addresses of advertising ISATAP interfaces on site border routers, and the specification mandates that nodes only accept Router Advertisement (RA) parameters that alter the ISATAP link (e.g., default router list, on-link prefix list, LinkMTU, etc.) if they are sent by a Templin, et al. Expires March 10, 2004 [Page 15] Internet-Draft ISATAP September 2003 member of the PRL. However, the specification allows any node on the ISATAP link to send "other" parameters in RAs and also allows any node on the ISATAP link to act as a (non-default) IPv6 router, e.g., if the node is configured as a router for its other IPv6 links. These aspects of the specification allow useful functionality, including the ability for ISATAP nodes other than PRL members to serve as routers for "stub" IPv6 networks, the ability for ISATAP nodes to send IPv6 packets with non-ISATAP source addresses (e.g., RFC 3401 privacy addresses), etc. But, allowing this functionality prevents ISATAP nodes from perform effective ingress filtering for IPv6 source addresses in packets they receive. Instead, the nodes must trust that: 1) site border routers are performing ingress filtering, and 2) malicious nodes are effectively denied access to the link. Additionally, the specification expects that that IPv4 addresses are uniquely assigned within the ISATAP site. Templin, et al. Expires March 10, 2004 [Page 16] Internet-Draft ISATAP September 2003 Intellectual Property Statement The IETF takes no position regarding the validity or scope of any intellectual property or other rights that might be claimed to pertain to the implementation or use of the technology described in this document or the extent to which any license under such rights might or might not be available; neither does it represent that it has made any effort to identify any such rights. Information on the IETF's procedures with respect to rights in standards-track and standards-related documentation can be found in BCP-11. Copies of claims of rights made available for publication and any assurances of licenses to be made available, or the result of an attempt made to obtain a general license or permission for the use of such proprietary rights by implementors or users of this specification can be obtained from the IETF Secretariat. The IETF invites any interested party to bring to its attention any copyrights, patents or patent applications, or other proprietary rights which may cover technology that may be required to practice this standard. Please address the information to the IETF Executive Director. The IETF has been notified of intellectual property rights claimed in regard to some or all of the specification contained in this document. For more information consult the online list of claimed rights. Full Copyright Statement Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2003). All Rights Reserved. This document and translations of it may be copied and furnished to others, and derivative works that comment on or otherwise explain it or assist in its implementation may be prepared, copied, published and distributed, in whole or in part, without restriction of any kind, provided that the above copyright notice and this paragraph are included on all such copies and derivative works. However, this document itself may not be modified in any way, such as by removing the copyright notice or references to the Internet Society or other Internet organizations, except as needed for the purpose of developing Internet standards in which case the procedures for copyrights defined in the Internet Standards process must be followed, or as required to translate it into languages other than English. The limited permissions granted above are perpetual and will not be revoked by the Internet Society or its successors or assignees. Templin, et al. Expires March 10, 2004 [Page 17] Internet-Draft ISATAP September 2003 This document and the information contained herein is provided on an "AS IS" basis and THE INTERNET SOCIETY AND THE INTERNET ENGINEERING TASK FORCE DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY WARRANTY THAT THE USE OF THE INFORMATION HEREIN WILL NOT INFRINGE ANY RIGHTS OR ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. Acknowledgment Funding for the RFC Editor function is currently provided by the Internet Society. Templin, et al. Expires March 10, 2004 [Page 18]