MMUSIC R. Gilman Internet-Draft Avaya, Inc. Intended status: Standards Track R. Even, Ed. Expires: August 24, 2007 Polycom F. Andreasen Cisco Systems February 20, 2007 SDP media capabilities Negotiation draft-ietf-mmusic-sdp-media-capabilities-01.txt Status of this Memo By submitting this Internet-Draft, each author represents that any applicable patent or other IPR claims of which he or she is aware have been or will be disclosed, and any of which he or she becomes aware will be disclosed, in accordance with Section 6 of BCP 79. Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF), its areas, and its working groups. Note that other groups may also distribute working documents as Internet- Drafts. Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any time. It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference material or to cite them other than as "work in progress." The list of current Internet-Drafts can be accessed at http://www.ietf.org/ietf/1id-abstracts.txt. The list of Internet-Draft Shadow Directories can be accessed at http://www.ietf.org/shadow.html. This Internet-Draft will expire on August 24, 2007. Copyright Notice Copyright (C) The IETF Trust (2007). Gilman, et al. Expires August 24, 2007 [Page 1] Internet-Draft CMED February 2007 Abstract Session Description Protocol (SDP) capability negotiation provides a general framework for negotiating capabilities in SDP. The base framework defines only capabilities for negotiating transport protocols and attributes. In this document, we extend the framework by defining media capabilities that can be used to negotiate media types and their associated parameters. Table of Contents 1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 2. Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 3. SDP Media capabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 3.1. Solution Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 3.2. Capability Attributes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 3.2.1. Media Type and Subtype Capability Attribute . . . . . 8 3.2.2. The Capability Encoding Parameters Attribute . . . . . 9 3.2.3. The Media Format Parameter Capability Attribute . . . 10 3.3. Extensions to the Potential Configuration Attribute . . . 11 3.3.1. The Media Capability Extension to the Potential Configuration Attribute . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 3.3.2. The Payload Type Mapping Extension to the Potential Configuration Attribute . . . . . . . . . . 12 3.4. Extensions to the Actual Configuration Attribute . . . . . 12 3.5. The Latent Configuration Attribute . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 3.5.1. The crypto: Attribute in Latent Configurations . . . . 14 3.6. Offer/Answer Model Extensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 3.6.1. Generating the Initial Offer . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 3.6.2. Generating the Answer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 3.6.3. Offerer Processing of the Answer . . . . . . . . . . . 14 3.6.4. Modifying the Session . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 4. Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 4.1. Alternative Codecs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 4.2. Latent Media Streams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 5. IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 6. Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 7. Changes from version 00 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 8. Acknowledgements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 9. References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 9.1. Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 9.2. Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Authors' Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 Intellectual Property and Copyright Statements . . . . . . . . . . 22 Gilman, et al. Expires August 24, 2007 [Page 2] Internet-Draft CMED February 2007 1. Introduction Session Description Protocol (SDP) capability negotiation [SDPCapNeg] provides a general framework for negotiating capabilities in SDP[RFC4566]. The base framework defines only capabilities for negotiating transport protocols and attributes. In this document, we extend the framework by defining media capabilities that can be used to negotiate media types and their associated parameters. SDP Simple Capability Declaration (simcap) is defined in RFC 3407 [RFC3407]. It defines a set of SDP attributes that enables a limited set of capabilities to be described at a session level or on a per media stream basis. RFC 3407 defines capability declaration only - actual negotiation procedures taking advantage of such capabilities have not been defined. The SDP capability negotiation framework adds this required functionality. This document updates RFC3407 and new implementation SHOULD use the functionality defined in the current draft to negotiate media capabilities. Gilman, et al. Expires August 24, 2007 [Page 3] Internet-Draft CMED February 2007 2. Terminology The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this document are to be interpreted as described in RFC2119 [RFC2119] and indicate requirement levels for compliant RTP implementations. Gilman, et al. Expires August 24, 2007 [Page 4] Internet-Draft CMED February 2007 3. SDP Media capabilities In this section we first provide an overview of the SDP media Capability negotiation solution. This is followed by definitions of new SDP attributes for the solution and its associated updated offer/ answer procedures [RFC3264] 3.1. Solution Overview The solution consist of the following new attributes extending the base attributes from [SDPCapNeg]. Three attributes are used to make up media capabilities o A new media attribute ("a=cmed") that lists media formats as capabilities in the form a media type (e.g. "audio") and one or more subtypes (e.g. "PCMU"), and associates a handle with each subtype o A new attribute ("a=cenc") that lists encoding parameter capabilities associated with a particular media format capability. o A new attribute ("a=cfmt") that lists media format parameter capabilities associated with a particular media format capability. A new attribute ("a=lcfg") that specifies latent configurations when no corresponding media line is offered. An example is a latent configuration for video even though no video is currently offered. A new parameter type ("m=") to the potential configuration ("a=pcfg:") attribute and the actual configuration ("a=acfg:") attribute defined in [SDPCapNeg], which permits specification of media capabilities (including their associated parameters) and combinations thereof for the configuration. For example, the "a=pcfg:" line might specify PCUM and telephone events or G.729B and telephone events as acceptable configurations. The "a=acfg:" line in the answer would specify the accepted choice. A new parameter type ("pt=") to the potential configuration ("a=pcfg:") attribute which associates RTP payload types with the referenced media capabilities. The document extends the base protocol extensions to the offer/answer model that allow for capabilities and potential configurations to be included in an offer. Media capabilities constitute capabilities that can be used in potential and latent configurations. Whereas potential configurations constitute alternative offers that may be accepted by the answerer instead of the actual configuration(s) Gilman, et al. Expires August 24, 2007 [Page 5] Internet-Draft CMED February 2007 included in the "m=" line(s), latent configurations merely inform the other side of possible configurations supported by the entity. Those latent configurations may be used to guide subsequent offer/answer exchanges. The mechanism is illustrated by the offer/answer exchange below, where Alice sends an offer to Bob: Alice Bob | (1) Offer (SRTP and RTP) | |--------------------------------->| | | | (2) Answer (RTP) | |<---------------------------------| | | Alice's offer includes RTP and SRTP as alternatives. RTP is the default, but SRTP is the preferred one: v=0 o=- 25678 753849 IN IP4 192.0.2.1 s= c=IN IP4 192.0.2.1 t=0 0 a=creq:v1 a=cmed:1 audio g729 iLBC PCMU g729 a=cenc:2 8000 a=cfmt:1 annexb:no a=ctrpr:1 RTP/SAVP m=audio 3456 RTP/AVP 0 18 a=capar:1 a=crypto:1 AES_CM_128_HMAC_SHA1_32 inline:NzB4d1BINUAvLEw6UzF3WSJ+PSdFcGdUJShpX1Zj|2^20|1:32 a=pcfg:1 m=1,3|4,3 t=1 a=1 pt=1:100,4:101,3:102 a=pcfg:2 m=2 pt=2:103 The required base and extensions are provided by the "a=creq" attribute defined in [SDPCapNeg], with the option tag "v1", which indicates that the extension framework defined here, must be supported. The Base level support is implied since it is required for the extensions. The "a=cmed:1" line defines four audio media subtype capabilities , to be numbered consecutively starting with 1. Note that the media subtypes specified in the m-line (PCMU and G729) are explicitly specified here. The "a=cenc:2" line specifies the clock rate and encoding parmeters Gilman, et al. Expires August 24, 2007 [Page 6] Internet-Draft CMED February 2007 (see [RFC4566]) for capability 2, iLBC. The "a=cfmt:1" line specifies media format parameter capabilities for codec 1 ( no Annex B for G.729). The "a=ctrpr:1" line, specified in the base protocol, defines a transport protocol capability, in this case Secure RTP. The "m=" line indicates that Alice is offering to use plain RTP with PCMU or G.729. The media line implicitly defines the default transport protocol (RTP/AVP in this case) and the default actual configuration. The "a=capar:1" line ,specified in the base protocol provides the "crypto" attribute which provides the keying material for SRTP using SDP security descriptions. The "a=pcfg:" attributes provide the potential configurations included in the offer by reference to the media capabilities, transport capabilities, and associated payload type mappings. Two explicit alternatives are provided; the first one, numbered 1 is the preferred one. It specifies media capabilities 1 and 3, i.e. G.729 and PCMU, or media capability 4 and 3, i.e., G.729B and PCMU. Furthermore, it specifies transport protocol capability 1 (i.e. the RTP/SAVP profile - secure RTP), and the attribute capability 1, i.e. the crypto attribute provided. Lastly, it specifies, a payload type mapping for codecs 1, 3, and 4 thereby permitting the offerer to distinguish between encrypted media and unencrypted media received prior to receipt of the answer. For SRTP the offerer will still need to receive the answer before being able to decrypt the stream. The second alternative specifies media capability 2, i.e. iLBC, under the default RTP/AVP profile . The media line, with any qualifying attributes such as fmtp or rtpmap, is itself considered a valid configuration; it is assumed to be the lowest preference. Bob receives the SDP offer from Alice. Bob supports RTP, but not SRTP, and hence he accepts the actual configuration for RTP provided by Alice. Furthermore, Bob wants to use the iLBC codec and hence generates the following answer: v=0 o=- 24351 621814 IN IP4 192.0.2.2 s= c=IN IP4 192.0.2.2 t=0 0 a=csup:v1 m=audio 4567 RTP/AVP 103 Gilman, et al. Expires August 24, 2007 [Page 7] Internet-Draft CMED February 2007 a=rtpmap:103 8000 a=acfg:2 Bob includes the "a=csup" and "a=acfg" attribute in the answer to inform Alice that he can support the v1 level of capability negotiations. Note that in this particular example, the answerer supported the capability extensions defined here, however had he not, he would simply have processed the offer based on the offered PCMU and G.729 codecs under the RTP/AVP profile only. Consequently, the answer would have omitted the "a=csup" attribute line and chosen one or both of the PCMU and G.729 codecs instead. The answer carries the accepted configuration in the m line along with corresponding rtpmap: and/or fmtp: parameters, as appropriate. Note that per the base protocol, after the above, Alice should generate a new offer with an actual configuration ("m=" line, etc.) corresponding to the actual configuration referenced in Bob's answer (not shown here). 3.2. Capability Attributes In this section, we present the new attributes associated with indicating the media capabilities for use by the SDP Capability negotiation. The approach taken is to keep things similar to the existing media capabilities defined by the existing media descriptions ("m=" lines) and the associated "rtpmap" and "fmtp" attributes, but using "media capability numbers" instead of payload types to link the relevant media capability parameters. 3.2.1. Media Type and Subtype Capability Attribute Media types and subtypes can be expressed as media format capabilities by use of the "a=cmed" attribute, which is defined as follows: a=cmed: *[ ] where is an integer between 1 and 2^31-1 (both included) used to number the media format capabilities, is a media type (e.g., audio or video), and the is the media subtype e.g. H263-1998, PCMU (Editors' note: can specify in cmed anything that can be specified in an m-line?). The is the media capability number associated with the first subtype in the list, the number associated with the second subtype is one higher, etc. Each occurrence of the attribute MUST use a different value of . Furthermore, when a "cmed" attribute indicates more than one media format, the capability numbers implied MUST NOT be used by any other "cmed" attribute in the entire session or media Gilman, et al. Expires August 24, 2007 [Page 8] Internet-Draft CMED February 2007 description (explicitly or implicitly). In ABNF, we have: media-capability-line = "a=cmed:" media-cap-num WSP media-type WSP media-cap *(WSP media-cap) media-cap-num = 1*DIGIT media-type = token ; Type name (audio, video, etc.) media-cap = token ; Subtype name(PCMU, G729, etc.) Media subtypes identified in "a=cmed" lines may be qualified via the attributes, "a=cenc" and "a=cfmt", in much the same way as media formats in "m=" lines payload types can have their clock rate and encoding parameters qualified by an "a=rtpmap" line and media format specific parameters can be provided by "a=fmtp" lines. 3.2.2. The Capability Encoding Parameters Attribute Media format capabilities may require additional encoding parameters, such as sample rate, to be precisely defined. The "a=cenc" encoding attribute is defined as a=cenc: [/] The clock rate and other encoding parameters are as defined for the "a=rtpmap:" attribute defined in RFC 4566 [RFC4566]. For example, a capability for low-bit-rate encoding at 8000 samples per second could be specified by a=cmed:1 iLBC a=cenc:1 8000 The encoding becomes part of the media capability. Thus, if it is desirable to specify the same subtype with, e.g., two different encoding rates, then the subtype should be listed twice, and each should be modified appropriately. For example: a=cmed:1 L16 L16 a=cenc:1 8000 a=cenc:2 16000/2 defines two low-data-rate codecs, codec 1 uses 8000 samples per second, and codec 2 uses 16000 samples per second and 2 channels. [EDITOR'S NOTE: I'm thinking that it might be better to put the encoding information in the cmed line pcfg "pt", along with the media subtype, and eliminate the cenc attribute. This would make the above example look like: a=cmed:1 L16/8000 L16/16000/2 Gilman, et al. Expires August 24, 2007 [Page 9] Internet-Draft CMED February 2007 or a=pcfg:1 m=1,3|4,3 t=1 a=1 pt=1:100/8000, 4:101/16000/2, 3:102 This can be done so long as the encoding attributes never contain whitespace. Is this the case? or instead use semi colon as separator] A media capability merely indicates possible support for the media type and media format(s) in question. In order to actually use a media capability in an offer/answer exchange, it must be referenced in a potential configuration (see Section 2.3.1. ). Media capabilities can be provided at the session-level and the media-level. Media capabilities provided at the session level apply to the session description in general, whereas media capabilities provided at the media level apply to that media stream only. In either case, the scope of the is the entire session description. This enables each media capability to be referenced across the entire session description (e.g. in a potential configuration.) 3.2.3. The Media Format Parameter Capability Attribute This attribute is used to associate media format parameters with a media capability. The form of the attribute is: a=cfmt: where the format parameters are specific to the type of codec, as described for the fmtp: attribute defined in RFC 4566. As an example, a G.729 capability is, by default, considered to support comfort noise as defined by Annex B. Capabilities for G.729 with and without comfort noise support may thus be identified by: a=cmed:1 audio G729 G729 a=cfmt:2 annexb:no Example for H.263 video: a=cmed:1 video H263-1998 H263-2000 a=cfmt:1 CIF=4;QCIF=2;F=1;K=1 a=cfmt:2 profile=2;level=2.2 Gilman, et al. Expires August 24, 2007 [Page 10] Internet-Draft CMED February 2007 3.3. Extensions to the Potential Configuration Attribute The extension protocol of capabilities negotiation requires two new extensions for the pcfg: attribute defined in the base protocol. One extension permits the specification of media capabilities, or combinations thereof; the other permits the assignment of payload types to those capabilities when used in the specified configuration. 3.3.1. The Media Capability Extension to the Potential Configuration Attribute The potential configuration attribute ("a=pcfg") as defined in SDP capabilities negotiation, permits alternate attributes to be associated with the media types defined in a media line. In this extension (this document), we define an extension parameter for the specification of media configurations in addition to the one specified on the media line. We define the media capability configuration parameter, pot-media- config, in accordance with the following format: m= *["|"] where is a comma-separated list of media capability numbers (media-cap-num) as defined by a=cmed: lines and media lines. In ABNF form (adhering to the ABNF for pot-extension-config in [SDPCapNeg]: pot-media-config = "m=" med-cap-list *(BAR med-cap-list) med-cap-list = med-cap-num *("," med-cap-num) med-cap-num = 1*DIGIT ; defined in SDP BAR = *WSP "|" *WSP Each potential media configuration is a comma-separated list of media capability numbers where med-cap-num refers to media capability numbers defined explicitly by a=cmed attributes or implicitly by the media line, and hence MUST be between 1 and 2^31-1 (both included). Alternative potential media configurations are separated by a vertical bar ("|"). The alternatives are ordered by preference. When media capabilities are not included in a potential configuration at the media level, the media type and media format from the associated "m=" line will be used. For example: Gilman, et al. Expires August 24, 2007 [Page 11] Internet-Draft CMED February 2007 v=0 o=- 25678 753849 IN IP4 192.0.2.1 s= c=IN IP4 192.0.2.1 t=0 0 a=creq:v1 a=cmed:1 audio PCMU g729 telephone-event m=audio 3456 RTP/AVP 0 18 100 a=rtpmap:100 telephone-events a=fmtp:100 0-15 a=pcfg:1 m=2,3|1,3 pt=1:0, 2:18, 3:100 In this example, G729 is media capability 2, PCMU is media capability 1, and events is media capability 3. The a=pcfg: line specifies that the preferred configuration is G.729 with dtmf events, second is G.711 mu-law with dtmf events. Intermixing of G.729, G.711, and dtmf events is least preferred (the actual configuration provided by the "m=" line, which is always the least preferred configuration). 3.3.2. The Payload Type Mapping Extension to the Potential Configuration Attribute When media capabilities defined in cmed: attributes are used in potential configuration lines, it is necessary to assign payload types to them. In some cases, it is desirable to assign different payload types to media capabilities defined in the media line. One example of the latter is when configurations for AVP and SAVP are offered: the offerer would like the answerer to use different payload types for encrypted and unencrypted media so that it (the offerer) can decide whether or not to render early media which arrives before the answer is received. We define the media type mapping configuration parameter, pot-media- map, in accordance with the following format: pot-media-map = "pt=" med-map-num *("," *WSP med-map-num) med-map-num = 1*DIGIT ":" 1*DIGIT ; The example in the previous section shows how the parameters from the cmed line are mapped to payload type in the pcfg "pt" parameter. 3.4. Extensions to the Actual Configuration Attribute We define an actual configuration extension parameter act-media- config in accordance with the following ABNF: a=acfg: *WSP "m=" Gilman, et al. Expires August 24, 2007 [Page 12] Internet-Draft CMED February 2007 A response to the previous offer example in the above section might be: v=0 o=- 24351 621814 IN IP4 192.0.2.2 s= c=IN IP4 192.0.2.2 t=0 0 a=csup:v1 m=audio 5432 RTP/AVP 18 100 a=rtpmap:100 events a=fmtp:100 0-15 a=acfg:1 m=2,3 Note that the capability numbers expressed in the acfg: attribute are based on the offered capability numbering, not on those listed in the answer. The acfg identify to the offrer which potetial configuration was selected by the answerer. 3.5. The Latent Configuration Attribute One of the goals of this work is to permit the exchange of media configurations in addition to those offered for immediate use. Such configurations are referred to as "latent configurations". For example, a party may offer to establish an audio session, and, at the same time, announce its ability to support a video session. Latent configurations may be announced by use of the latent configuration attribute, which is defined in a manner very similar to the potential configuration attribute: a=lcfg: ["m="] ["t="] ["a="] The m=, t= and a= parameters are identical in format and meaning to those defined for the pcfg: attribute. Note that the pt= parameter is not permitted in the lcfg: attribute because no actual media session is being offered or accepted. Latent Configurations may be specified at the session level in offers and in answers. [Editor's note: Do you have a good example of an offer of an audio stream with a latent video stream?][Editor's note (rrg): What if, as Roni suggested, we exclude the a= parameters from the lcfg: lines? We can include the t= parameter as the 'cheapest' way to indicate SRTP. That conveys most of the necessary info; the details can be firmed up in the actual offer when/if it's actually made.] Gilman, et al. Expires August 24, 2007 [Page 13] Internet-Draft CMED February 2007 3.5.1. The crypto: Attribute in Latent Configurations If the sdescriptions crypto: attribute is necessary as part of any latent configuration which announces sdescriptions capabilities. then it presents a slight problem in that the rather long key/salt string is useless and should be ignored. This problem is avoided if we exclude the a= parameters from the lcfg: attribute. [Editor's note: should we define a new crypto: key-method, e.g. "latent", in which the key-salt portion of key-info is empty? I think it may be sufficient to just include the RTP/SAVP transport to indicate SRTP capability] 3.6. Offer/Answer Model Extensions In this section, we define extensions to the offer/answer model defined in RFC3264 to allow for media capabilities to be used with the SDP Capability Negotation framework. 3.6.1. Generating the Initial Offer 3.6.2. Generating the Answer 3.6.3. Offerer Processing of the Answer 3.6.4. Modifying the Session Gilman, et al. Expires August 24, 2007 [Page 14] Internet-Draft CMED February 2007 4. Examples In this section, we provide examples showing how to use the Media Capabilities with the SDP Capability Negotiation. 4.1. Alternative Codecs 4.2. Latent Media Streams Gilman, et al. Expires August 24, 2007 [Page 15] Internet-Draft CMED February 2007 5. IANA Considerations Gilman, et al. Expires August 24, 2007 [Page 16] Internet-Draft CMED February 2007 6. Security Considerations Gilman, et al. Expires August 24, 2007 [Page 17] Internet-Draft CMED February 2007 7. Changes from version 00 The major changes include taking out the "mcap" and "cptmap" parameter. The mapping of payload type is now in the "pt" parameter of "pcfg". Media subtype need to explictly definesd in the "cmed" attribute if referenced in the "pcfg" Gilman, et al. Expires August 24, 2007 [Page 18] Internet-Draft CMED February 2007 8. Acknowledgements This document is heavily influenced by the discussions and work done by the SDP Capability Negotiation Design team. The following people in particular provided useful comments and suggestions to either the document itself or the overall direction of the solution defined herein: Cullen Jennings, Matt Lepinski, Joerg Ott, Colin Perkins, and Thomas Stach. Gilman, et al. Expires August 24, 2007 [Page 19] Internet-Draft CMED February 2007 9. References 9.1. Normative References [RFC2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997. [RFC3264] Rosenberg, J. and H. Schulzrinne, "An Offer/Answer Model with Session Description Protocol (SDP)", RFC 3264, June 2002. [RFC4566] Handley, M., Jacobson, V., and C. Perkins, "SDP: Session Description Protocol", RFC 4566, July 2006. [SDPCapNeg] Andreasen, F., "SDP Capability Negotiation", draft-ietf-mmusic-sdp-capability-negotiation-02 (work in progress), February 2007. 9.2. Informative References [RFC3407] Andreasen, F., "Session Description Protocol (SDP) Simple Capability Declaration", RFC 3407, October 2002. Gilman, et al. Expires August 24, 2007 [Page 20] Internet-Draft CMED February 2007 Authors' Addresses Robert R Gilman Avaya, Inc. 1300 West 120th Avenue Westminster, CO 80234 USA Email: rrg@avaya.com Roni Even (editor) Polycom 94 Derech Em Hamoshavot Petach Tikva 49130 Israel Email: roni.even@polycom.co.il Flemming Andreasen Cisco Systems Edison, NJ USA Email: fandreas@cisco.com Gilman, et al. Expires August 24, 2007 [Page 21] Internet-Draft CMED February 2007 Full Copyright Statement Copyright (C) The IETF Trust (2007). This document is subject to the rights, licenses and restrictions contained in BCP 78, and except as set forth therein, the authors retain all their rights. This document and the information contained herein are provided on an "AS IS" basis and THE CONTRIBUTOR, THE ORGANIZATION HE/SHE REPRESENTS OR IS SPONSORED BY (IF ANY), THE INTERNET SOCIETY, THE IETF TRUST AND THE INTERNET ENGINEERING TASK FORCE DISCLAIM ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY WARRANTY THAT THE USE OF THE INFORMATION HEREIN WILL NOT INFRINGE ANY RIGHTS OR ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. Intellectual Property The IETF takes no position regarding the validity or scope of any Intellectual Property Rights or other rights that might be claimed to pertain to the implementation or use of the technology described in this document or the extent to which any license under such rights might or might not be available; nor does it represent that it has made any independent effort to identify any such rights. Information on the procedures with respect to rights in RFC documents can be found in BCP 78 and BCP 79. Copies of IPR disclosures made to the IETF Secretariat and any assurances of licenses to be made available, or the result of an attempt made to obtain a general license or permission for the use of such proprietary rights by implementers or users of this specification can be obtained from the IETF on-line IPR repository at http://www.ietf.org/ipr. The IETF invites any interested party to bring to its attention any copyrights, patents or patent applications, or other proprietary rights that may cover technology that may be required to implement this standard. Please address the information to the IETF at ietf-ipr@ietf.org. Acknowledgment Funding for the RFC Editor function is provided by the IETF Administrative Support Activity (IASA). Gilman, et al. Expires August 24, 2007 [Page 22]