MILE T. Takahashi Internet-Draft M. Suzuki Intended status: Standards Track NICT Expires: March 30, 2018 September 26, 2017 JSON binding of IODEF draft-ietf-mile-jsoniodef-00 Abstract RFC 7970 [RFC7970] provides XML-based data representation on incident information, but the use of the IODEF data model is not limited to XML. JSON representation is sometimes preferred since it is easy to handle from certain programming environments. This draft represents the IODEF data model in JSON. Note that this 00 version draft is prepared for the purpose of encouraging discussion on the need for JSON representation. Status of This Memo This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79. Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF). Note that other groups may also distribute working documents as Internet-Drafts. The list of current Internet- Drafts is at https://datatracker.ietf.org/drafts/current/. Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any time. It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference material or to cite them other than as "work in progress." This Internet-Draft will expire on March 30, 2018. Copyright Notice Copyright (c) 2017 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the document authors. All rights reserved. This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal Provisions Relating to IETF Documents (https://trustee.ietf.org/license-info) in effect on the date of publication of this document. Please review these documents carefully, as they describe your rights and restrictions with respect to this document. Code Components extracted from this document must include Simplified BSD License text as described in Section 4.e of Takahashi & Suzuki Expires March 30, 2018 [Page 1] Internet-Draft JSON-IODEF September 2017 the Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without warranty as described in the Simplified BSD License. Table of Contents 1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 1.1. Requirements Language . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 2. The IODEF Information Model in JSON . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 2.1. IODEF-Document Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 2.2. Incident Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 2.3. Common Attributes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 2.3.1. restriction Attribute . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 2.3.2. observable-id Attribute . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 2.4. IncidentID Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 2.5. AlternativeID Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 2.6. RelatedActivity Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 2.7. ThreatActor Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 2.8. Campaign Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 2.9. Contact Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 2.9.1. RegistryHandle Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 2.9.2. PostalAddress Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 2.9.3. Email Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 2.9.4. Telephone Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 2.10. Discovery Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 2.10.1. DetectionPattern Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 2.11. Method Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 2.11.1. Reference Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 2.12. Assessment Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 2.12.1. SystemImpact Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 2.12.2. BusinessImpact Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 2.12.3. TimeImpact Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 2.12.4. MonetaryImpact Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 2.12.5. Confidence Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 2.13. History Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 2.13.1. HistoryItem Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 2.14. EventData Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 2.15. Expectation Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 2.16. System Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 2.17. Node Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 2.17.1. Address Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 2.17.2. NodeRole Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 2.17.3. Counter Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 2.18. DomainData Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 2.18.1. Nameserver Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 2.18.2. DomainContacts Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 2.19. Service Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 2.19.1. ServiceName Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 2.19.2. ApplicationHeader Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Takahashi & Suzuki Expires March 30, 2018 [Page 2] Internet-Draft JSON-IODEF September 2017 2.20. EmailData Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 2.21. Record Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 2.21.1. RecordPattern Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 2.22. WindowsRegistryKeysModified Class . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 2.22.1. Key Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 2.23. CertificateData Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 2.23.1. Certificate Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 2.24. FileData Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 2.24.1. File Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 2.25. HashData Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 2.25.1. Hash Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 2.25.2. FuzzyHash Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 2.26. SignatureData Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 2.27. Indicator Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 2.27.1. IndicatorID Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 2.27.2. AlternativeIndicatorID Class . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 2.27.3. Observable Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 2.27.4. IndicatorExpression Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 2.27.5. ObservableReference Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 2.27.6. IndicatorReference Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 2.27.7. AttackPhase Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 3. Notable differences from RFC 7970 (to be deleted) . . . . . . 22 4. Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 4.1. Minimal Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 4.2. Indicators from a Campaign . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 5. The IODEF Data Model (JSON Schema) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 6. Acknowledgements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58 7. IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 8. Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 9. References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 9.1. Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 9.2. Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 Authors' Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60 1. Introduction RFC 7970 [RFC7970] defines an data model for sharing incident information. It facilitates automated exchange of information among parties over networks. The data model can be implemented in a form of XML, but it is not always suitable for implementation. JSON-based representation is often useful. Therefore, in this document, we provide a means to represent IODEF data model in JSON. Takahashi & Suzuki Expires March 30, 2018 [Page 3] Internet-Draft JSON-IODEF September 2017 1.1. Requirements Language The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this document are to be interpreted as described in RFC 2119 [RFC2119]. 2. The IODEF Information Model in JSON The data model of IODEF is defined in RFC 7970 [RFC7970], and this section illustrates their representations in JSON. Note that the complete JSON schema is defined in Section 5. 2.1. IODEF-Document Class The IODEF-Document class is the top level class in the IODEF data model. This class is defined in Section 3.1 of RFC 7970 [RFC7970] and has the following fields: "version", "lang", "format-id", "private-enum-name", "private-enum-id", "Incident", and "AdditionalData". An example of this class in JSON is as follows. Note that JSON representation in this draft treats attributes and elements of each class defined in RFC 7970 [RFC7970] equally and is agnostic on the order of their appearances. "IODEF-Document": { "version": "2.0", //STRING "lang": "en", //ENUM "format-id": "RFC7970", //STRING "Incident": [ ... ] //Incident } Figure 1: IODEF-Document Class in JSON 2.2. Incident Class The Incident class describes commonly exchanged information when reporting or sharing derived analysis from security incidents. This class is defined in Section 3.2 of RFC 7970 [RFC7970]. It has the following fields: "purpose", "lang", "restriction", "ext- restriction", "IncidentID", "RelatedActivity", "GenrationTime", "Description", "Assessment", "Methods", "Contact", "EventData", "IndicatorData", "History", and "AdditionalData". An example of this class in JSON is as follows. Takahashi & Suzuki Expires March 30, 2018 [Page 4] Internet-Draft JSON-IODEF September 2017 "Incident": { "purpose": "reporting", //ENUM "lang": "en", //STRING "restriction": "green", //ENUM "IncidentID": { ... }, //IncidentID Class "RelatedActivity": [ ... ], //RelatedActivity Class "GenerationTime": "2015-10-02T11:18:00-05:00", //DateTime "Description": ["Incident class description field"], //ML_STRING "Assessment": [ ... ], //Assessment "Method": [ ... ], //Method "Contact": [ ... ] //Contact "EventData": [ ... ], //EventData "IndicatorData": { ... } //IndicatorData "History": { ... }, //History "AdditionalData": [ ... ], //AdditionalData } Figure 2: Incident Class in JSON 2.3. Common Attributes There are a number of recurring attributes used in the information model. They are documented in this section. 2.3.1. restriction Attribute RFC 7970 [RFC7970] defines the restriction Attribute as one of common attributes. It is defined as below: "restriction":{"enum": ["public", "partner", "need-to-know", "private", "default", "white", "green", "amber", "red", "ext-value"]} Figure 3: restrition in JSON Note that you must use "ext-restriction" field (STRING type) when the value of "restriction" field is set to "ext-value". The example on the use of the "ext-restriction" field is shown below. "restriction": "ext-value" // ENUM "ext-restriction": "registration required" // STRING Figure 4: ext-restrition in JSON 2.3.2. observable-id Attribute RFC 7970 [RFC7970] defines the observable-id attribute as one of common attributes. The value of this attribute is a unique identifier in the scope of the document.It is defined as below: Takahashi & Suzuki Expires March 30, 2018 [Page 5] Internet-Draft JSON-IODEF September 2017 "observable-id": {"type": "string"}, Figure 5: observable-id in JSON 2.4. IncidentID Class This class is defined in Section 3.4 of RFC 7970 [RFC7970]. It has the following fields: "IncidentID", "id", "name", "instance", "restriction", and "ext-restriction". The example below represents how to describe this class in JSON. "IncidentID": { "id": "nict20150518-0001", // STRING "name": "NICT_cert", // STRING "instance": "cyberlab" // STRING "restriction": "ext-value" // ENUM "ext-restriction": "registration required" // STRING } Figure 6: IncidentID Class in JSON 2.5. AlternativeID Class This class is defined in Section 3.5 of RFC 7970 [RFC7970]. The example below represents how to describe this class in JSON. "AltervativeID": { "restriction": "private", //ENUM "IncidentID": [<<>>] //IncidentID } Figure 7: AlternativeID Class in JSON 2.6. RelatedActivity Class This class is defined in Section 3.6 of RFC 7970 [RFC7970]. The example below represents how to describe this class in JSON. Takahashi & Suzuki Expires March 30, 2018 [Page 6] Internet-Draft JSON-IODEF September 2017 "RelatedActivity": { "restriction": "private", //ENUM "ThreatActor": [ //ThreatActor { "ThreatActorID": "TA-12-AGGRESSIVE-BUTTERFLY", "Description": "Aggressive Butterfly" } ], "Campaign": [ //Campaign { "CampaignID": "C-2015-59405", "Description": "Orange Giraffe" } ] } Figure 8: RelatedActivity Class in JSON 2.7. ThreatActor Class This class is defined in Section 3.7 of RFC 7970 [RFC7970]. The example below represents how to describe this class in JSON. "ThreatActor": { "ThreatActorID": "TA-12-AGGRESSIVE-BUTTERFLY", "Description": "Aggressive Butterfly" } Figure 9: ThreatActor Class in JSON 2.8. Campaign Class This class is defined in Section 3.8 of RFC 7970 [RFC7970]. The example below represents how to describe this class in JSON. "Campaign": { "CampaignID": "C-2015-59405", //STRING "Description": "Orange Giraffe" //ML_STRING } Figure 10: Campaign Class in JSON 2.9. Contact Class This class is defined in Section 3.9 of RFC 7970 [RFC7970]. The example below represents how to describe this class in JSON. Takahashi & Suzuki Expires March 30, 2018 [Page 7] Internet-Draft JSON-IODEF September 2017 "Contact": { "type": "organization", "role": "creator", "ContactName": "CSIRT for example.com", "email": { "emailTo": "contact@csirt.example.com" } } Figure 11: Contact Class in JSON 2.9.1. RegistryHandle Class This class is defined in Section 3.9.1 of RFC 7970 [RFC7970]. The example below represents how to describe this class in JSON. "RegistryHandle": { "RegistryHandleName": "MyAPNIC", "registry": "apnic", } Figure 12: RegistryHandle Class in JSON 2.9.2. PostalAddress Class This class is defined in Section 3.9.2 of RFC 7970 [RFC7970]. The example below represents how to describe this class in JSON. "PostalAddress": { "type": "mailing", "PAddress": "184-8795", "Description": "4-2-1 Nukui-Kitamachi Koganei Tokyo, Japan" }, Figure 13: PostalAddress Class in JSON 2.9.3. Email Class This class is defined in Section 3.9.3 of RFC 7970 [RFC7970]. The example below represents how to describe this class in JSON. "Email": { "emailTo": "contact@csirt.example.com" }, Figure 14: Email Class in JSON Takahashi & Suzuki Expires March 30, 2018 [Page 8] Internet-Draft JSON-IODEF September 2017 2.9.4. Telephone Class This class is defined in Section 3.9.4 of RFC 7970 [RFC7970]. The example below represents how to describe this class in JSON. "Telephone": { "TelephoneNumber": "+81423275862" }, Figure 15: Telephone Class in JSON 2.10. Discovery Class This class is defined in Section 3.10 of RFC 7970 [RFC7970]. The example below represents how to describe this class in JSON. "Discovery": { "DetectionPattern": { "Application": { "Description": "Microsoft Win" } } } Figure 16: Discovery Class in JSON 2.10.1. DetectionPattern Class This class is defined in Section 3.10.1 of RFC 7970 [RFC7970]. The example below represents how to describe this class in JSON. "DetectionPattern": { "Application": { "Description": "Microsoft Win" } } Figure 17: DetectionPattern Class in JSON 2.11. Method Class This class is defined in Section 3.11 of RFC 7970 [RFC7970]. The example below represents how to describe this class in JSON. Takahashi & Suzuki Expires March 30, 2018 [Page 9] Internet-Draft JSON-IODEF September 2017 "Method": { "Vulnerability": {} } Figure 18: Method Class in JSON 2.11.1. Reference Class This class is defined in Section 3.11.1 of RFC 7970 [RFC7970]. The example below represents how to describe this class in JSON. "Reference":{ "URL":"http://www.nict.go.jp" } Figure 19: Reference Class in JSON 2.12. Assessment Class This class is defined in Section 3.12 of RFC 7970 [RFC7970]. The example below represents how to describe this class in JSON. "Assessment": { "BusinessImpact": { "type": "breach-proprietary" } } Figure 20: Assessment Class in JSON 2.12.1. SystemImpact Class This class is defined in Section 3.12.1 of RFC 7970 [RFC7970]. The example below represents how to describe this class in JSON. "SystemImpact":{ "severity":"low", "type":"unknown" }, Figure 21: SystemImpact Class in JSON 2.12.2. BusinessImpact Class This class is defined in Section 3.12.2 of RFC 7970 [RFC7970]. The example below represents how to describe this class in JSON. Takahashi & Suzuki Expires March 30, 2018 [Page 10] Internet-Draft JSON-IODEF September 2017 "BusinessImpact": { "type": "breach-proprietary" } Figure 22: BusinessImpact Class in JSON 2.12.3. TimeImpact Class This class is defined in Section 3.12.3 of RFC 7970 [RFC7970]. The example below represents how to describe this class in JSON. "TimeImpact":{ "value":"5 hours", "metric":"elapsed" } Figure 23: TimeImpact Class in JSON 2.12.4. MonetaryImpact Class This class is defined in Section 3.12.4 of RFC 7970 [RFC7970]. The example below represents how to describe this class in JSON. "MonetaryImpact":{} Figure 24: MonetaryImpact Class in JSON 2.12.5. Confidence Class This class is defined in Section 3.12.5 of RFC 7970 [RFC7970]. The example below represents how to describe this class in JSON. "Confidence": { "rating": "medium" } Figure 25: Confidence Class in JSON 2.13. History Class This class is defined in Section 3.13 of RFC 7970 [RFC7970]. The example below represents how to describe this class in JSON. Takahashi & Suzuki Expires March 30, 2018 [Page 11] Internet-Draft JSON-IODEF September 2017 "History": { "HistoryItem": { "DateTime": "2015-10-15T11:18:00-05:00", "action": "investigate" } }, Figure 26: History Class in JSON 2.13.1. HistoryItem Class This class is defined in Section 3.13.1 of RFC 7970 [RFC7970]. The example below represents how to describe this class in JSON. "HistoryItem": { "DateTime": "2015-10-15T11:18:00-05:00", "action": "investigate" } Figure 27: HistoryItem Class in JSON 2.14. EventData Class This class is defined in Section 3.14 of RFC 7970 [RFC7970]. The example below represents how to describe this class in JSON. "EventData": { "ReportTime": "2016-06-01 18:05:33", "System": { "category": "source", "Node": { "Address": { "category": "ipv4-addr", "AddressValue": "192.228.139.118" }, "Location": "OrgID=7" }, "Service": { "ip-protocol": 6, "Port": 49183 } }, Figure 28: EventData Class in JSON Takahashi & Suzuki Expires March 30, 2018 [Page 12] Internet-Draft JSON-IODEF September 2017 2.15. Expectation Class This class is defined in Section 3.15 of RFC 7970 [RFC7970]. The example below represents how to describe this class in JSON. "Expectation": { "action": "investigate" }, Figure 29: Expectation Class in JSON 2.16. System Class This class is defined in Section 3.17 of RFC 7970 [RFC7970]. The example below represents how to describe this class in JSON. "System": { "category": "source", "Node": { "Address": { "category": "ipv4-addr", "AddressValue": "192.228.139.118" }, "Location": "OrgID=7" }, "Service": { "ip-protocol": 6, "Port": 49183 } Figure 30: System Class in JSON 2.17. Node Class This class is defined in Section 3.18 of RFC 7970 [RFC7970]. The example below represents how to describe this class in JSON. "Node": { "Address": { "category": "ipv4-addr", "AddressValue": "192.228.139.118" }, Figure 31: Node Class in JSON Takahashi & Suzuki Expires March 30, 2018 [Page 13] Internet-Draft JSON-IODEF September 2017 2.17.1. Address Class This class is defined in Section 3.18.1 of RFC 7970 [RFC7970]. The example below represents how to describe this class in JSON. "Address": { "category": "ipv4-addr", "AddressValue": "192.228.139.118" }, Figure 32: Address Class in JSON 2.17.2. NodeRole Class This class is defined in Section 3.18.2 of RFC 7970 [RFC7970]. The example below represents how to describe this class in JSON. "NodeRole": { "category": "client" }, Figure 33: NodeRole Class in JSON 2.17.3. Counter Class This class is defined in Section 3.18.3 of RFC 7970 [RFC7970]. The example below represents how to describe this class in JSON. "Counter": { "value": "3", "type": "count", "unit": "packet" } Figure 34: Counter Class in JSON 2.18. DomainData Class This class is defined in Section 3.19 of RFC 7970 [RFC7970]. The example below represents how to describe this class in JSON. "DomainData": { "system-status": "innocent-hacked", "domain-status": "assignedAndInactive", "Name": "temp1.nict.go.jp" }, Figure 35: DomainData Class in JSON Takahashi & Suzuki Expires March 30, 2018 [Page 14] Internet-Draft JSON-IODEF September 2017 2.18.1. Nameserver Class This class is defined in Section 3.19.1 of RFC 7970 [RFC7970]. The example below represents how to describe this class in JSON. "NameServers": { "Server": "vgw.nict.go.jp", "Address": { "AddressValue": "133.243.18.5", "category": "ipv4-addr" } } Figure 36: Nameserver Class in JSON 2.18.2. DomainContacts Class This class is defined in Section 3.19.2 of RFC 7970 [RFC7970]. The example below represents how to describe this class in JSON. "DomainContacts": { "Contact": { "role": "user", "type": "organization" } } Figure 37: DomainContacts Class in JSON 2.19. Service Class This class is defined in Section 3.20 of RFC 7970 [RFC7970]. The example below represents how to describe this class in JSON. "Service": { "ServiceName": { "Description": "It seems to be a scan from an infected machine." }, "ip-protocol": 6, "Port": 49183 } Figure 38: Service Class in JSON Takahashi & Suzuki Expires March 30, 2018 [Page 15] Internet-Draft JSON-IODEF September 2017 2.19.1. ServiceName Class This class is defined in Section 3.20.1 of RFC 7970 [RFC7970]. The example below represents how to describe this class in JSON. "ServiceName": { "Description": "It seems to be a scan from an infected machine." }, Figure 39: ServiceName Class in JSON 2.19.2. ApplicationHeader Class This class is defined in Section 3.20.2 of RFC 7970 [RFC7970]. The example below represents how to describe this class in JSON. "ApplicationHeader": {} Figure 40: ApplicationHeader Class in JSON 2.20. EmailData Class This class is defined in Section 3.21 of RFC 7970 [RFC7970]. The example below represents how to describe this class in JSON. "EmailData":{} Figure 41: EmailData Class in JSON 2.21. Record Class This class is defined in Section 3.22.1 of RFC 7970 [RFC7970]. The example below represents how to describe this class in JSON. "Record": { "RecordPattern": { "type": "regex", "value": "[0-9][A-Z]" }, "RecordItem": {} }, Figure 42: Record Class in JSON Takahashi & Suzuki Expires March 30, 2018 [Page 16] Internet-Draft JSON-IODEF September 2017 2.21.1. RecordPattern Class This class is defined in Section 3.22.2 of RFC 7970 [RFC7970]. The example below represents how to describe this class in JSON. "RecordPattern": { "type": "regex", "value": "[0-9][A-Z]" }, Figure 43: RecordPattern Class in JSON 2.22. WindowsRegistryKeysModified Class This class is defined in Section 3.23 of RFC 7970 [RFC7970]. The example below represents how to describe this class in JSON. "WindowsRegistryKeysModified": { "Key": { "KeyValue": "xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx", "KeyName":"HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINExxxxxxx", } } Figure 44: WindowsRegistryKeysModified Class in JSON 2.22.1. Key Class This class is defined in Section 3.23.1 of RFC 7970 [RFC7970]. The example below represents how to describe this class in JSON. "Key": { "KeyValue": "xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx", "KeyName":"HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINExxxxxxx", } Figure 45: Key Class in JSON 2.23. CertificateData Class This class is defined in Section 3.24 of RFC 7970 [RFC7970]. The example below represents how to describe this class in JSON. Takahashi & Suzuki Expires March 30, 2018 [Page 17] Internet-Draft JSON-IODEF September 2017 "CertificateData": { "Certificate": { "X509Data": { "X509IssuerSerial": { "X509IssuerName": "CN=TAMURA Kent, OU=TRL, O=IBM, L=Yamato-shi, ST=Kanagawa, C=JP", "X509SerialNumber": "12345678" }, "X509SKI": "31d97bd7" } } } Figure 46: CertificateData Class in JSON 2.23.1. Certificate Class This class is defined in Section 3.24.1 of RFC 7970 [RFC7970]. The example below represents how to describe this class in JSON. "Certificate": { "X509Data": { "X509IssuerSerial": { "X509IssuerName": "CN=TAMURA Kent, OU=TRL, O=IBM, L=Yamato-shi, ST=Kanagawa, C=JP", "X509SerialNumber": "12345678" }, "X509SKI": "31d97bd7" } } Figure 47: Certificate Class in JSON 2.24. FileData Class This class is defined in Section 3.25 of RFC 7970 [RFC7970]. The example below represents how to describe this class in JSON. "FileData": { "File": { "FileName": "dummy.exe" } }, Figure 48: FileData Class in JSON Takahashi & Suzuki Expires March 30, 2018 [Page 18] Internet-Draft JSON-IODEF September 2017 2.24.1. File Class This class is defined in Section 3.25.1 of RFC 7970 [RFC7970]. The example below represents how to describe this class in JSON. "File": { "FileName": "dummy.exe" } Figure 49: File Class in JSON 2.25. HashData Class This class is defined in Section 3.26 of RFC 7970 [RFC7970]. The example below represents how to describe this class in JSON. "HashData": { "scope": "file-contents", "Hash": { "DigestMethod": "http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#sha1", "DigestValue": "xxxxxxxxxxx" } } Figure 50: HashData Class in JSON 2.25.1. Hash Class This class is defined in Section 3.26.1 of RFC 7970 [RFC7970]. The example below represents how to describe this class in JSON. "Hash": { "DigestMethod": "http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#sha1", "DigestValue": "xxxxxxxxxxx" } Figure 51: Hash Class in JSON 2.25.2. FuzzyHash Class This class is defined in Section 3.26.2 of RFC 7970 [RFC7970]. The example below represents how to describe this class in JSON. "FuzzyHash": { "FuzzyHashValue": {} } Figure 52: FuzzyHash Class in JSON Takahashi & Suzuki Expires March 30, 2018 [Page 19] Internet-Draft JSON-IODEF September 2017 2.26. SignatureData Class This class is defined in Section 3.27 of RFC 7970 [RFC7970]. The example below represents how to describe this class in JSON. "SignatureData": { "Signature": "xxxxxxxx" } Figure 53: SignatureData Class in JSON 2.27. Indicator Class This class is defined in Section 3.29 of RFC 7970 [RFC7970]. The example below represents how to describe this class in JSON. "Indicator": { "IndicatorID": { "id": "G90823490", "name": "csirt.example.com", "version": "1" }, "Description": "C2 domains", "StartTime": "2014-12-02T11:18:00-05:00", "Observable": { "BulkObservable": { "type": "fqdn" }, "BulkObservableList": [ "kj290023j09r34.example.com", "09ijk23jfj0k8.example.net", "klknjwfjiowjefr923.example.org", "oimireik79msd.example.org" ] } } Figure 54: Indicator Class in JSON 2.27.1. IndicatorID Class This class is defined in Section 3.29.1 of RFC 7970 [RFC7970]. The example below represents how to describe this class in JSON. Takahashi & Suzuki Expires March 30, 2018 [Page 20] Internet-Draft JSON-IODEF September 2017 "IndicatorID": { "id": "G90823490", "name": "csirt.example.com", "version": "1" }, Figure 55: IndicatorID Class in JSON 2.27.2. AlternativeIndicatorID Class This class is defined in Section 3.29.2 of RFC 7970 [RFC7970]. The example below represents how to describe this class in JSON. "AlternativeIndicatorID": { "IndicatorReference": { "uid-ref": "xxxxx" } }, Figure 56: AlternativeIndicatorID Class in JSON 2.27.3. Observable Class This class is defined in Section 3.29.3 of RFC 7970 [RFC7970]. The example below represents how to describe this class in JSON. "Observable": { "BulkObservable": { "type": "fqdn" }, "BulkObservableList": [ "kj290023j09r34.example.com", "09ijk23jfj0k8.example.net", "klknjwfjiowjefr923.example.org", "oimireik79msd.example.org" ] } Figure 57: Observable Class in JSON 2.27.4. IndicatorExpression Class This class is defined in Section 3.29.4 of RFC 7970 [RFC7970]. The example below represents how to describe this class in JSON. "IndicatorExpression": {} Figure 58: IndicatorExpression Class in JSON Takahashi & Suzuki Expires March 30, 2018 [Page 21] Internet-Draft JSON-IODEF September 2017 2.27.5. ObservableReference Class This class is defined in Section 3.29.6 of RFC 7970 [RFC7970]. The example below represents how to describe this class in JSON. "ObservableReference": { "uid-ref": "xxxxx" }, Figure 59: ObservableReference Class in JSON 2.27.6. IndicatorReference Class This class is defined in Section 3.29.7 of RFC 7970 [RFC7970]. The example below represents how to describe this class in JSON. "IndicatorReference": { "uid-ref": "xxxxx" } Figure 60: IndicatorReference Class in JSON 2.27.7. AttackPhase Class This class is defined in Section 3.29.8 of RFC 7970 [RFC7970]. The example below represents how to describe this class in JSON. "AttackPhase": { "Description": "Currently, the infected host is scanning arbitrary hosts to find next targets." } Figure 61: AttackPhase Class in JSON 3. Notable differences from RFC 7970 (to be deleted) o Flow class is deleted, and EventData class now has the instance of System class. o Record class is deleted, and the link to the Record class are directly connected to RecordData class, which is then renamed to Record class. 4. Examples This section provides example of IODEF documents. These examples do not represent the full capabilities of the data model or the the only way to encode particular information. Takahashi & Suzuki Expires March 30, 2018 [Page 22] Internet-Draft JSON-IODEF September 2017 4.1. Minimal Example A document containing only the mandatory elements and attributes. { "version": "2.0", "lang": "en", "Incident": [ { "purpose": "reporting", "restriction": "private", "IncidentID": { "id": 492382, "name": "csirt.example.com" }, "GenerationTime": "2015-07-18T09:00:00-05:00", "Contact": [ { "type": "organization", "role": "creator", "email": { "emailTo": "contact@csirt.example.com" } } ] } ] } Figure 62: JSON representation example 1 4.2. Indicators from a Campaign An example of C2 domains from a given campaign. { "version": "2.0", "lang": "en", "Incidents": [ { "purpose": "watch", "restriction": "green", "IncidentID": { "id": "897923", "name": "csirt.example.com" }, "RelatedActivity": [ { Takahashi & Suzuki Expires March 30, 2018 [Page 23] Internet-Draft JSON-IODEF September 2017 "ThreatActor": [ { "ThreatActorID": "TA-12-AGGRESSIVE-BUTTERFLY", "Description": "Aggressive Butterfly" } ], "Campaign": [ { "CampaignID": "C-2015-59405", "Description": "Orange Giraffe" } ] } ], "GenerationTime": "2015-10-02T11:18:00-05:00", "Description": [ "Summarizes the Indicators of Compromise for the Orange Giraffe campaign of the Aggressive Butterfly crime gang." ], "Assessment": [ { "BusinessImpact": { "type": "breach-proprietary" } } ], "Contacts": [ { "type": "organization", "role": "creator", "ContactName": "CSIRT for example.com", "Email": { "emailTo": "contact@csirt.example.com" } } ], "IndicatorList": [ { "IndicatorID": { "id": "G90823490", "name": "csirt.example.com", "version": "1" }, "Description": "C2 domains", "StartTime": "2014-12-02T11:18:00-05:00", "Observable": { "BulkObservable": { "type": "fqdn" }, Takahashi & Suzuki Expires March 30, 2018 [Page 24] Internet-Draft JSON-IODEF September 2017 "BulkObservableList": [ "kj290023j09r34.example.com", "09ijk23jfj0k8.example.net", "klknjwfjiowjefr923.example.org", "oimireik79msd.example.org" ] } } ] } ] } Figure 63: JSON representation example 2 5. The IODEF Data Model (JSON Schema) { { "$schema": "http://json-schema.org/draft-04/schema#", "definitions": { "lang": { "enum": [ "en", "jp" ] }, "restriction": { "enum": [ "public", "partner", "need-to-know", "private", "default", "white", "green", "amber", "red", "ext-value" ] }, "URLtype": { "type": "string" }, "IDtype": { "type": "string" }, "ExtensionType": { Takahashi & Suzuki Expires March 30, 2018 [Page 25] Internet-Draft JSON-IODEF September 2017 "type": "object", "properties": { "name": { "type": "string" }, "dtype": { "enum": [ "boolean", "byte", "bytes", "character", "date-time", "ntpstamp", "integer", "portlist", "real", "string", "file", "path", "frame", "packet", "ipv4-packet", "ipv6-packet", "url", "csv", "winreg", "xml", "ext-value" ] }, "ext-dtype": { "type": "string" }, "meaning": { "type": "string" }, "formatid": { "type": "string" }, "restriction": { "$ref": "#/definitions/restriction" }, "ext-restriction": { "type": "string" }, "observable-id": { "$ref": "#/definitions/IDtype" } Takahashi & Suzuki Expires March 30, 2018 [Page 26] Internet-Draft JSON-IODEF September 2017 } }, "SoftwareType": { "type": "object", "properties": { "SoftwareReference": { "$ref": "#/definitions/SoftwareReference" }, "URL": { "$ref": "#/definitions/URLtype" }, "Description": { "type": "string" } }, "required": [], "additionalProperties": false }, "SoftwareReference": { "type": "object", "properties": { "value": { "type": "string" }, "spec-name": { "type": "string" }, "ext-spec-name": { "type": "string" }, "dtype": { "type": "string" }, "ext-dtype": { "type": "string" } }, "required": [ "spec-name" ], "additionalProperties": false }, "Incident": { "title": "Incident", "description": "JSON schema for Incident class", "type": "object", "properties": { "purpose": { Takahashi & Suzuki Expires March 30, 2018 [Page 27] Internet-Draft JSON-IODEF September 2017 "enum": [ "traceback", "mitigation", "reporting", "watch", "other", "ext-value" ] }, "ext-purpose": { "type": "string" }, "status": { "enum": [ "blabla" ] }, "ext-status": { "type": "string" }, "lang": { "$ref": "#/definitions/lang" }, "restriction": { "$ref": "#/definitions/restriction" }, "ext-restriction": { "type": "string" }, "observable-id": { "$ref": "#/definitions/IDtype" }, "IncidentID": { "$ref": "#/definitions/IncidentID" }, "AlternativeID": { "type": "object" }, "RelatedActivity": { "type": "array", "items": { "$ref": "#/definitions/RelatedActivity" } }, "DetectTime": { "type": "string" }, "StartTime": { Takahashi & Suzuki Expires March 30, 2018 [Page 28] Internet-Draft JSON-IODEF September 2017 "type": "string" }, "EndTime": { "type": "string" }, "RecoveryTime": { "type": "string" }, "ReportTime": { "type": "string" }, "GenerationTime": { "type": "string" }, "Description": { "type": "array", "items": { "type": "string" } }, "Discovery": { "type": "array", "items": { "$ref": "#/definitions/Discovery" } }, "Assessment": { "type": "array", "items": { "$ref": "#/definitions/Assessment" } }, "Methods": { "type": "array", "items": { "$ref": "#/definitions/Method" } }, "Contacts": { "type": "array", "items": { "$ref": "#/definitions/Contact" } }, "EventData": { "type": "array", "items": { "$ref": "#/definitions/EventData" Takahashi & Suzuki Expires March 30, 2018 [Page 29] Internet-Draft JSON-IODEF September 2017 } }, "IndicatorList": { "type": "array", "items": { "$ref": "#/definitions/Indicator" }, }, "History": { "$ref": "#/definitions/History" }, "AdditionalData": { "type": "array", "items": { "$ref": "#/definitions/ExtensionType" } } }, "required": [ "IncidentID", "GenerationTime", "Contacts", "purpose" ], "additionalProperties": false }, "IncidentID": { "title": "IncidentID", "description": "JSON schema for IncidentID class", "type": "object", "properties": { "id": { "type": "string" }, "name": { "type": "string" }, "instance": { "type": "string" }, "restriction": { "$ref": "#/definitions/restriction" }, "ext-restriction": { "type": "string" } }, "required": [ Takahashi & Suzuki Expires March 30, 2018 [Page 30] Internet-Draft JSON-IODEF September 2017 "name" ], "additionalProperties": false }, "RelatedActivity": { "properties": { "restriction": { "$ref": "#/definitions/restriction" }, "ext-restriction": { "type": "string" }, "IncidentID": { "type": "array", "items": { "$ref": "#/definitions/IncidentID" } }, "URL": { "type": "array", "items": { "$ref": "#/definitions/URLtype" } }, "ThreatActor": { "type": "array", "items": { "$ref": "#/definitions/ThreatActor" } }, "Campaign": { "type": "array", "items": { "$ref": "#/definitions/Campaign" } }, "IndicatorID": { "type": "array", "items": { "$ref": "#/definitions/IndicatorID" } }, "Confidence": { "$ref": "#/definitions/Confidence" }, "Description": { "type": "array", "items": { Takahashi & Suzuki Expires March 30, 2018 [Page 31] Internet-Draft JSON-IODEF September 2017 "type": "string" } }, "AdditionalData": { "type": "array", "items": { "$ref": "#/definitions/ExtensionType" } } }, "additionalProperties": false }, "ThreatActor": { "properties": { "restriction": { "$ref": "#/definitions/restriction" }, "ext-restriction": { "type": "string" }, "ThreatActorID": { "type": "string" }, "Description": { "type": "string" }, "URL": { "$ref": "#/definitions/URLtype" }, "AdditionalData": { "type": "array", "items": { "$ref": "#/definitions/ExtensionType" } } }, "additionalProperties": false }, "Campaign": { "properties": { "restriction": { "$ref": "#/definitions/restriction" }, "ext-restriction": { "type": "string" }, "CampaignID": {}, "URL": { Takahashi & Suzuki Expires March 30, 2018 [Page 32] Internet-Draft JSON-IODEF September 2017 "$ref": "#/definitions/URLtype" }, "Description": { "type": "string" }, "AdditionalData": { "type": "array", "items": { "$ref": "#/definitions/ExtensionType" } } } }, "Contact": { "type": "object", "properties": { "role": {}, "ext-role": {}, "type": {}, "ext-type": {}, "restriction": { "$ref": "#/definitions/restriction" }, "ext-restriction": { "type": "string" }, "ContactName": {}, "ContactTitle": {}, "Description": { "type": "string" }, "RegistryHandle": {}, "PostalAddress": {}, "Email": {}, "Telephone": { "$ref": "#/definitions/Telephone" }, "Timezone": {}, "Contact": { "$ref": "#/definitions/Contact" }, "AdditionalData": { "type": "array", "items": { "$ref": "#/definitions/ExtensionType" } } }, Takahashi & Suzuki Expires March 30, 2018 [Page 33] Internet-Draft JSON-IODEF September 2017 "required": [ "role", "type" ], "additionalProperties": false }, "RegistryHandle": { "type": "object", "properties": { "RegistryHandleName": {}, "registry": {}, "ext-registry": {} }, "required": [ "registry" ], "additionalProperties": false }, "PostalAddress": { "type": "object", "properties": { "type": { "type": "string" }, "ext-type": { "type": "string" }, "PAddress": { "type": "string" }, "Description": { "type": "string" } }, "required": [ "PAddress" ], "additionalProperties": false }, "Email": { "type": "object", "properties": { "type": {}, "ext-type": {}, "EmailTo": {}, "Description": { "type": "string" } Takahashi & Suzuki Expires March 30, 2018 [Page 34] Internet-Draft JSON-IODEF September 2017 }, "required": [ "EmailTo" ], "additionalProperties": false }, "Telephone": { "type": "object", "properties": { "type": {}, "ext-type": {}, "TelephoneNumber": {}, "Description": { "type": "string" } }, "required": [ "TelephoneNumber" ], "additionalProperties": false }, "Discovery": { "type": "object", "properties": { "source": {}, "ext-source": {}, "restriction": { "$ref": "#/definitions/restriction" }, "ext-restriction": { "type": "string" }, "Description": { "type": "string" }, "Contact": { "$ref": "#/definitions/Contact" }, "DetectionPattern": { "$ref": "#/definitions/DetectionPattern" } }, "required": [], "additionalProperties": false }, "DetectionPattern": { "type": "object", "properties": { Takahashi & Suzuki Expires March 30, 2018 [Page 35] Internet-Draft JSON-IODEF September 2017 "restriction": { "$ref": "#/definitions/restriction" }, "ext-restriction": { "type": "string" }, "observable-id": { "$ref": "#/definitions/IDtype" }, "Application": { "$ref": "#/definitions/SoftwareType" }, "Description": { "type": "string" }, "DetectionConfiguration": {} }, "required": [ "Application" ], "additionalProperties": false }, "Method": { "type": "object", "properties": { "restriction": { "$ref": "#/definitions/restriction" }, "ext-restriction": { "type": "string" }, "References": { "type": "array", "items": { "$ref": "#/definitions/Reference" } }, "Description": { "type": "string" }, "AttackPattern": {}, "Vulnerability": {}, "Weakness": {}, "AdditionalData": { "type": "array", "items": { "$ref": "#/definitions/ExtensionType" } Takahashi & Suzuki Expires March 30, 2018 [Page 36] Internet-Draft JSON-IODEF September 2017 } }, "required": [], "additionalProperties": false }, "Reference": { "type": "object", "properties": { "observable-id": { "$ref": "#/definitions/IDtype" }, "ReferenceName": {}, "URL": { "$ref": "#/definitions/URLtype" }, "Description": { "type": "string" } }, "required": [], "additionalProperties": false }, "Assessment": { "type": "object", "properties": { "occurrence": {}, "restriction": { "$ref": "#/definitions/restriction" }, "ext-restriction": { "type": "string" }, "observable-id": { "$ref": "#/definitions/IDtype" }, "IncidentCategory": {}, "SystemImpact": { "$ref": "#/definitions/SystemImpact" }, "BusinessImpact": {}, "TimeImpact": { "$ref": "#/definitions/TimeImpact" }, "MonetaryImpact": { "$ref": "#/definitions/MonetaryImpact" }, "IntendedImpact": {}, "Counter": { Takahashi & Suzuki Expires March 30, 2018 [Page 37] Internet-Draft JSON-IODEF September 2017 "$ref": "#/definitions/Counter" }, "MitigatingFactor": {}, "Cause": {}, "Confidence": { "$ref": "#/definitions/Confidence" }, "AdditionalData": { "type": "array", "items": { "$ref": "#/definitions/ExtensionType" } } }, "required": [], "additionalProperties": false }, "SystemImpact": { "type": "object", "properties": { "severity": {}, "completion": {}, "type": {}, "ext-type": {}, "Description": { "type": "string" } }, "required": [ "type" ], "additionalProperties": false }, "BusinessImpact": { "type": "object", "properties": { "severity": {}, "ext-severity": {}, "type": {}, "ext-type": {}, "Description": { "type": "string" } }, "required": [ "type" ], "additionalProperties": false Takahashi & Suzuki Expires March 30, 2018 [Page 38] Internet-Draft JSON-IODEF September 2017 }, "TimeImpact": { "type": "object", "properties": { "value": {}, "severity": {}, "metric": {}, "ext-metric": {}, "duration": {}, "ext-duration": {} }, "required": [ "metric" ], "additionalProperties": false }, "MonetaryImpact": { "type": "object", "properties": { "MonetaryImpactValue": {}, "severity": {}, "currency": {} }, "required": [], "additionalProperties": false }, "Confidence": { "type": "object", "properties": { "ConfidenceValue": {}, "rating": {}, "ext-rating": {} }, "required": [ "rating" ], "additionalProperties": false }, "History": { "type": "object", "properties": { "restriction": { "$ref": "#/definitions/restriction" }, "ext-restriction": { "type": "string" }, "HistoryItem": {} Takahashi & Suzuki Expires March 30, 2018 [Page 39] Internet-Draft JSON-IODEF September 2017 }, "required": [ "HistoryItem" ], "additionalProperties": false }, "HistoryItem": { "type": "object", "properties": { "action": {}, "ext-action": {}, "restriction": { "$ref": "#/definitions/restriction" }, "ext-restriction": { "type": "string" }, "observable-id": { "$ref": "#/definitions/IDtype" }, "DateTime": {}, "IncidentID": {}, "Contact": { "$ref": "#/definitions/Contact" }, "Description": { "type": "string" }, "DefinedCOA": {}, "AdditionalData": { "type": "array", "items": { "$ref": "#/definitions/ExtensionType" } } }, "required": [ "DateTime", "action" ], "additionalProperties": false }, "EventData": { "type": "object", "properties": { "restriction": { "$ref": "#/definitions/restriction" }, Takahashi & Suzuki Expires March 30, 2018 [Page 40] Internet-Draft JSON-IODEF September 2017 "ext-restriction": { "type": "string" }, "observable-id": { "$ref": "#/definitions/IDtype" }, "Description": { "type": "string" }, "DetectTime": {}, "StartTime": {}, "EndTime": {}, "RecoveryTime": {}, "ReportTime": { "type": "string" }, "Contact": { "$ref": "#/definitions/Contact" }, "Discovery": { "$ref": "#/definitions/Discovery" }, "Assessment": {}, "Method": { "$ref": "#/definitions/Method" }, "System": { "$ref": "#/definitions/System" }, "Expectation": { "$ref": "#/definitions/Expectation" }, "Record": { "$ref": "#/definitions/Record" }, "EventData": { "$ref": "#/definitions/EventData" }, "AdditionalData": { "type": "array", "items": { "$ref": "#/definitions/ExtensionType" } } }, "required": [ "ReportTime" ], Takahashi & Suzuki Expires March 30, 2018 [Page 41] Internet-Draft JSON-IODEF September 2017 "additionalProperties": false }, "Expectation": { "type": "object", "properties": { "action": {}, "ext-action": {}, "severity": {}, "restriction": { "$ref": "#/definitions/restriction" }, "ext-restriction": { "type": "string" }, "observable-id": { "$ref": "#/definitions/IDtype" }, "Description": { "type": "string" }, "DefinedCOA": {}, "StartTime": {}, "EndTime": {}, "Contact": { "$ref": "#/definitions/Contact" } }, "required": [], "additionalProperties": false }, "System": { "type": "object", "properties": { "category": { "enum": [ "source", "target", "intermediate", "sensor", "infrastructure", "ext-value" ] }, "ext-category": {}, "interface": {}, "spoofed": {}, "virtual": {}, "ownership": {}, Takahashi & Suzuki Expires March 30, 2018 [Page 42] Internet-Draft JSON-IODEF September 2017 "ext-ownership": {}, "restriction": { "$ref": "#/definitions/restriction" }, "ext-restriction": { "type": "string" }, "observable-id": { "$ref": "#/definitions/IDtype" }, "Node": { "$ref": "#/definitions/Node" }, "NodeRole": { "$ref": "#/definitions/NodeRole" }, "Service": { "$ref": "#/definitions/Service" }, "OperatingSystem": {}, "Counter": { "$ref": "#/definitions/Counter" }, "AssetID": {}, "Description": { "type": "string" }, "AdditionalData": { "type": "array", "items": { "$ref": "#/definitions/ExtensionType" } } }, "required": [ "Node" ], "additionalProperties": false }, "Node": { "type": "object", "properties": { "DomainData": { "$ref": "#/definitions/DomainData" }, "Address": { "$ref": "#/definitions/Address" }, Takahashi & Suzuki Expires March 30, 2018 [Page 43] Internet-Draft JSON-IODEF September 2017 "PostalAddress": {}, "Location": { "type": "string" }, "Counter": { "$ref": "#/definitions/Counter" } }, "required": [], "additionalProperties": false }, "Address": { "type": "object", "properties": { "AddressValue": {}, "category": {}, "ext-category": {}, "vlan-name": {}, "vlan-num": { "type": "integer" }, "observable-id": { "$ref": "#/definitions/IDtype" } }, "required": [ "category" ], "additionalProperties": false }, "NodeRole": { "type": "object", "properties": { "category": {}, "ext-category": {}, "Description": { "type": "string" } }, "required": [ "category" ], "additionalProperties": false }, "Counter": { "type": "object", "properties": { "value": { Takahashi & Suzuki Expires March 30, 2018 [Page 44] Internet-Draft JSON-IODEF September 2017 "type": "string" }, "type": {}, "ext-type": {}, "unit": {}, "ext-unit": {}, "meaning": {}, "duration": {}, "ext-duration": {} }, "required": [ "type", "unit" ], "additionalProperties": false }, "DomainData": { "type": "object", "properties": { "system-status": {}, "ext-system-status": {}, "domain-status": {}, "ext-domain-status": {}, "observable-id": { "$ref": "#/definitions/IDtype" }, "Name": {}, "DateDomainWasChecked": {}, "RegistrationDate": {}, "ExpirationDate": {}, "RelatedDNS": {}, "NameServers": { "$ref": "#/definitions/NameServers" }, "DomainContacts": { "$ref": "#/definitions/DomainContacts" } }, "required": [ "Name", "system-status", "domain-status" ], "additionalProperties": false }, "NameServers": { "type": "object", "properties": { Takahashi & Suzuki Expires March 30, 2018 [Page 45] Internet-Draft JSON-IODEF September 2017 "Server": {}, "Address": { "$ref": "#/definitions/Address" } }, "required": [ "Server", "Address" ], "additionalProperties": false }, "DomainContacts": { "type": "object", "properties": { "SameDomainContact": {}, "Contact": { "$ref": "#/definitions/Contact" } }, "required": [ "Contact" ], "additionalProperties": false }, "Service": { "type": "object", "properties": { "ip-protocol": {}, "observable-id": { "$ref": "#/definitions/IDtype" }, "ServiceName": {}, "Port": {}, "Portlist": {}, "ProtoCode": {}, "ProtoType": {}, "ProtoField": {}, "ApplicationHeader": {}, "EmailData": {}, "Application": {} }, "required": [], "additionalProperties": false }, "ServiceName": { "type": "object", "properties": { "IANAService": {}, Takahashi & Suzuki Expires March 30, 2018 [Page 46] Internet-Draft JSON-IODEF September 2017 "URL": { "$ref": "#/definitions/URLtype" }, "Description": { "type": "string" } }, "required": [], "additionalProperties": false }, "ApplicationHeader": { "type": "object", "properties": { "ApplicationHeaderField": {} }, "required": [ "ApplictionHeaderField" ], "additionalProperties": false }, "EmailData": { "type": "object", "properties": { "EmailTo": {}, "EmailFrom": {}, "EmailSubject": {}, "EmailX-Mailer": {}, "EmailHeaderField": {}, "EmailHeaders": {}, "EmailBody": {}, "EmailMessage": {}, "HashData": { "$ref": "#/definitions/HashData" }, "SignatureData": { "$ref": "#/definitions/SignatureData" } }, "required": [], "additionalProperties": false }, "Record": { "type": "object", "properties": { "restriction": { "$ref": "#/definitions/restriction" }, "ext-restriction": { Takahashi & Suzuki Expires March 30, 2018 [Page 47] Internet-Draft JSON-IODEF September 2017 "type": "string" }, "observable-id": { "$ref": "#/definitions/IDtype" }, "DateTime": {}, "Description": { "type": "string" }, "Applicadtion": {}, "RecordPattern": {}, "RecordItem": {}, "URL": { "$ref": "#/definitions/URLtype" }, "FileData": { "$ref": "#/definitions/FileData" }, "WindowsRegistryKeysModified": {}, "CertificateData": { "$ref": "#/definitions/CertificateData" }, "AdditionalData": { "type": "array", "items": { "$ref": "#/definitions/ExtensionType" } } }, "required": [], "additionalProperties": false }, "RecordPattern": { "type": "object", "properties": { "RecordPatternValue": {}, "type": {}, "ext-type": {}, "offset": {}, "offsetunit": {}, "ext-offsetunit": {}, "instance": { "type": "integer" } }, "required": [ "type" ], Takahashi & Suzuki Expires March 30, 2018 [Page 48] Internet-Draft JSON-IODEF September 2017 "additionalProperties": false }, "WindowsRegistryKeysModified": { "type": "object", "properties": { "observabile-id": {}, "Key": {} }, "required": [ "Key" ], "additionalProperties": false }, "Key": { "type": "object", "properties": { "registryaction": {}, "ext-registryaction": {}, "observable-id": { "$ref": "#/definitions/IDtype" }, "KeyName": {}, "KeyValue": {} }, "required": [ "KeyName" ], "additionalProperties": false }, "CertificateData": { "type": "object", "properties": { "restriction": { "$ref": "#/definitions/restriction" }, "ext-restriction": { "type": "string" }, "observable-id": { "$ref": "#/definitions/IDtype" }, "Certificate": { "$ref": "#/definitions/Certificate" } }, "required": [ "Certificate" ], Takahashi & Suzuki Expires March 30, 2018 [Page 49] Internet-Draft JSON-IODEF September 2017 "additionalProperties": false }, "Certificate": { "type": "object", "properties": { "observable-id": { "$ref": "#/definitions/IDtype" }, "X509Data": {}, "Description": { "type": "string" } }, "required": [ "X509Data" ], "additionalProperties": false }, "FileData": { "type": "object", "properties": { "restriction": { "$ref": "#/definitions/restriction" }, "ext-restriction": { "type": "string" }, "observable-id": { "$ref": "#/definitions/IDtype" }, "File": { "$ref": "#/definitions/File" } }, "required": [ "File" ], "additionalProperties": false }, "File": { "type": "object", "properties": { "FileName": { "type": "string" }, "FileSize": {}, "FileType": {}, "URL": { Takahashi & Suzuki Expires March 30, 2018 [Page 50] Internet-Draft JSON-IODEF September 2017 "$ref": "#/definitions/URLtype" }, "HashData": { "$ref": "#/definitions/HashData" }, "SignatureData": { "$ref": "#/definitions/SignatureData" }, "AssociatedSoftware": {}, "FileProperties": {} }, "required": [], "additionalProperties": false }, "HashData": { "type": "object", "properties": { "scope": {}, "HashTargetID": {}, "Hash": { "$ref": "#/definitions/Hash" }, "FuzzyHash": { "$ref": "#/definitions/FuzzyHash" } }, "required": [ "scope" ], "additionalProperties": false }, "Hash": { "type": "object", "properties": { "DigestMethod": { "type": "string" }, "DigestValue": { "type": "string" }, "CanonicalizationMethod": {}, "Application": {} }, "required": [ "DigestMethod", "DigestValue" ], "additionalProperties": false Takahashi & Suzuki Expires March 30, 2018 [Page 51] Internet-Draft JSON-IODEF September 2017 }, "FuzzyHash": { "type": "object", "properties": { "FuzzyHashValue": { "$ref": "#/definitions/ExtensionType" }, "Application": {}, "AdditionalData": { "type": "array", "items": { "$ref": "#/definitions/ExtensionType" } } }, "required": [ "FuzzyHashValue" ], "additionalProperties": false }, "SignatureData": { "type": "object", "properties": { "Signature": { "SignatureValue": "xxxxxxxx", "id": "xxxxxxxx" } }, "required": [ "Signature" ], "additionalProperties": false }, "Indicator": { "type": "object", "properties": { "restriction": { "$ref": "#/definitions/restriction" }, "ext-restriction": { "type": "string" }, "IndicatorID": { "$ref": "#/definitions/IndicatorID" }, "AlternativeIndicatorID": { "$ref": "#/definitions/AlternativeIndicatorID" }, Takahashi & Suzuki Expires March 30, 2018 [Page 52] Internet-Draft JSON-IODEF September 2017 "Description": { "type": "string" }, "StartTime": {}, "EndTime": {}, "Confidence": { "$ref": "#/definitions/Confidence" }, "Contact": { "$ref": "#/definitions/Contact" }, "Observable": {}, "ObservableReference": { "$ref": "#/definitions/ObservableReference" }, "IndicatorExpression": { "$ref": "#/definitions/IndicatorExpression" }, "IndicatorReference": { "$ref": "#/definitions/IndicatorReference" }, "NodeRole": { "$ref": "#/definitions/NodeRole" }, "AttackPhase": { "$ref": "#/definitions/AttackPhase" }, "Reference": { "$ref": "#/definitions/Reference" }, "AdditionalData": { "type": "array", "items": { "$ref": "#/definitions/ExtensionType" } } }, "required": [ "IndicatorID" ], "additionalProperties": false }, "IndicatorID": { "type": "object", "properties": { "id": {}, "name": { "type": "string" Takahashi & Suzuki Expires March 30, 2018 [Page 53] Internet-Draft JSON-IODEF September 2017 }, "version": { "type": "string" } }, "required": [ "name", "version" ], "additionalProperties": false }, "AlternativeIndicatorID": { "type": "object", "properties": { "restriction": { "$ref": "#/definitions/restriction" }, "ext-restriction": { "type": "string" }, "IndicatorReference": { "$ref": "#/definitions/IndicatorReference" } }, "required": [ "IndicatorReference" ], "additionalProperties": false }, "Observable": { "type": "object", "properties": { "restriction": { "$ref": "#/definitions/restriction" }, "ext-restriction": { "type": "string" }, "System": {}, "Address": {}, "DomainData": { "$ref": "#/definitions/DomainData" }, "EmailData": {}, "Service": { "$ref": "#/definitions/Service" }, "WindowsRegistryKeysModified": {}, Takahashi & Suzuki Expires March 30, 2018 [Page 54] Internet-Draft JSON-IODEF September 2017 "FileData": { "$ref": "#/definitions/FileData" }, "CertificateData": { "$ref": "#/definitions/CertificateData" }, "RegistryHandle": {}, "Record": { "$ref": "#/definitions/Record" }, "EventData": {}, "Incident": {}, "Expectation": { "$ref": "#/definitions/Expectation" }, "Reference": { "$ref": "#/definitions/Reference" }, "Assessment": {}, "DetectionPattern": {}, "HistoryItem": {}, "BulkObservable": { "type": "string" }, "AdditionalData": { "type": "array", "items": { "$ref": "#/definitions/ExtensionType" } } }, "required": [], "additionalProperties": false }, "BulkObservable": { "type": "object", "properties": { "type": {}, "ext-type": {}, "BulkObservableFormant": {}, "BulkObservableList": { "type": "string" }, "AdditionalData": { "type": "array", "items": { "$ref": "#/definitions/ExtensionType" } Takahashi & Suzuki Expires March 30, 2018 [Page 55] Internet-Draft JSON-IODEF September 2017 } }, "required": [], "additionalProperties": false }, "BulkObservableFormat": { "type": "object", "properties": { "Hash": { "$ref": "#/definitions/Hash" }, "AdditionalData": { "type": "array", "items": { "$ref": "#/definitions/ExtensionType" } } }, "required": [], "additionalProperties": false }, "IndicatorExpression": { "type": "object", "properties": { "operator": {}, "ext-operator": { "type": "string" }, "IndicatorExpression": { "$ref": "#/definitions/IndicatorExpression" }, "Observable": {}, "ObservableReference": { "$ref": "#/definitions/ObservableReference" }, "IndicatorReference": { "$ref": "#/definitions/IndicatorReference" }, "AdditionalData": { "type": "array", "items": { "$ref": "#/definitions/ExtensionType" } } }, "required": [], "additionalProperties": false }, Takahashi & Suzuki Expires March 30, 2018 [Page 56] Internet-Draft JSON-IODEF September 2017 "ObservableReference": { "type": "object", "properties": { "uid-ref": {} }, "required": [ "uid-ref" ], "additionalProperties": false }, "IndicatorReference": { "type": "object", "properties": { "uid-ref": {}, "euid-ref": { "type": "string" }, "version": { "type": "string" } }, "required": [], "additionalProperties": false }, "AttackPhase": { "type": "object", "properties": { "AttackPhaseID": { "type": "string" }, "URL": { "$ref": "#/definitions/URLtype" }, "Description": { "type": "string" }, "AdditionalData": { "type": "array", "items": { "$ref": "#/definitions/ExtensionType" } } }, "required": [], "additionalProperties": false } }, "title": "IODEF-Document", Takahashi & Suzuki Expires March 30, 2018 [Page 57] Internet-Draft JSON-IODEF September 2017 "description": "JSON schema for IODEF-Document class", "type": "object", "properties": { "version": { "type": "string" }, "lang": { "$ref": "#/definitions/lang" }, "format-id": { "type": "string" }, "private-enum-name": { "type": "string" }, "private-enum-id": { "type": "string" }, "Incidents": { "type": "array", "items": { "$ref": "#/definitions/Incident" } }, "AdditionalData": { "type": "array", "items": { "$ref": "#/definitions/ExtensionType" } } }, "required": [ "version", "Incidents" ], "additionalProperties": false } Figure 64: JSON schema 6. Acknowledgements TBD. Takahashi & Suzuki Expires March 30, 2018 [Page 58] Internet-Draft JSON-IODEF September 2017 7. IANA Considerations This memo includes no request to IANA. 8. Security Considerations This memo does not provide any further security considerations than the one described in RFC 7970 [RFC7970]. 9. References 9.1. Normative References [min_ref] authSurName, authInitials., "Minimal Reference", 2006. [RFC2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, DOI 10.17487/RFC2119, March 1997, . [RFC7970] Danyliw, R., "The Incident Object Description Exchange Format Version 2", RFC 7970, DOI 10.17487/RFC7970, November 2016, . 9.2. Informative References [DOMINATION] Mad Dominators, Inc., "Ultimate Plan for Taking Over the World", 1984, . [RFC2629] Rose, M., "Writing I-Ds and RFCs using XML", RFC 2629, DOI 10.17487/RFC2629, June 1999, . [RFC3552] Rescorla, E. and B. Korver, "Guidelines for Writing RFC Text on Security Considerations", BCP 72, RFC 3552, DOI 10.17487/RFC3552, July 2003, . [RFC5226] Narten, T. and H. Alvestrand, "Guidelines for Writing an IANA Considerations Section in RFCs", RFC 5226, DOI 10.17487/RFC5226, May 2008, . Takahashi & Suzuki Expires March 30, 2018 [Page 59] Internet-Draft JSON-IODEF September 2017 Authors' Addresses Takeshi Takahashi NICT 4-2-1 Nukui-Kitamachi Koganei, Tokyo 184-8795 Japan Phone: +81 42 327 5862 Email: takeshi_takahashi@nict.go.jp Mio Suzuki NICT 4-2-1 Nukui-Kitamachi Koganei, Tokyo 184-8795 Japan Email: mio@nict.go.jp Takahashi & Suzuki Expires March 30, 2018 [Page 60]