Network Working Group                                          E. Gunduz
Internet-Draft                                                  RIPE NCC
Expires: April 4, 2005                                         A. Newton
                                                          VeriSign, Inc.
                                                         October 4, 2004



    IRIS - An Address Registry (areg) Type for the Internet Registry
                          Information Service
                     draft-ietf-crisp-iris-areg-07


Status of this Memo


   This document is an Internet-Draft and is subject to all provisions
   of section 3 of RFC 3667.  By submitting this Internet-Draft, each
   author represents that any applicable patent or other IPR claims of
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   which he or she become aware will be disclosed, in accordance with
   RFC 3668.


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   This Internet-Draft will expire on April 4, 2005.


Copyright Notice


   Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2004).


Abstract


   This document describes an IRIS registry schema for IP address and
   Autonomous System Number information.  The schema extends the
   necessary query and result operations of IRIS to provide the
   functional information service needs for syntaxes and results used by
   Internet Protocol address registries.




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Table of Contents


   1.  Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  3
   2.  Document Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  4
   3.  Schema Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  5
     3.1   Query Derivatives  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  5
       3.1.1   <findContacts> Query . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  5
       3.1.2   <findOrganizations>  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  5
       3.1.3   <findAutonomousSystemsByName> and
               <findNetworksByName> . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  6
       3.1.4   <findNetworksByAddress>  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  6
       3.1.5   <findNetworkBySpecificity> . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  6
       3.1.6   <findASNByNumber>  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  7
       3.1.7   <findByContact>  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  7
       3.1.8   Contact Search Group . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  8
     3.2   Result Derivatives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  8
       3.2.1   <ipv4Network> and <ipv6Network> Results  . . . . . . .  8
       3.2.2   <autonomousSystem> Result  . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  9
       3.2.3   <contact> Result . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  9
       3.2.4   <organization> Result  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
       3.2.5   Contact References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
       3.2.6   Common Result Child Elements . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
     3.3   Support for <iris:lookupEntity>  . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
   4.  Terminology for Nesting of Networks  . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
   5.  Formal XML Syntax  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
   6.  BEEP Transport Compliance  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
     6.1   Message Pattern  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
     6.2   Server Authentication  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
   7.  URI Resolution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
     7.1   Application Service Label  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
     7.2   Top-Down Resolution  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
   8.  Internationalization Considerations  . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
   9.  IANA Considerations  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
   10.   Security Considerations  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
   11.   References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
       Authors' Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
   A.  Example Requests and Responses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
     A.1   Example 1  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
     A.2   Example 2  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
   B.  Acknowledgements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
       Intellectual Property and Copyright Statements . . . . . . . . 45











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1.  Introduction


   This document describes an IRIS namespace for Internet address
   registries using an XML Schema [5] derived from and using the IRIS
   [9] schema.  This schema and registry type are provided to
   demonstrate the extensibility of the IRIS framework beyond the use of
   domains, a criteria defined in CRISP [11].


   The schema given is this document is specified using the Extensible
   Markup Language (XML) 1.0 as described in XML [2], XML Schema
   notation as described in XML_SD [4] and XML_SS [5], and XML
   Namespaces as described in XML_NS [3].


   Examples of client/server XML exchanges with this registry type are
   available in Appendix A.





































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2.  Document Terminology


   The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
   "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this
   document are to be interpreted as described in RFC2119 [8].















































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3.  Schema Description


   IRIS requires the derivation of both query and result elements by a
   registry schema.  These descriptions follow.


   The descriptions contained within this section refer to XML elements
   and attributes and their relation to the exchange of data within the
   protocol.  These descriptions also contain specifications outside the
   scope of the formal XML syntax.  Therefore, this section will use
   terms defined by RFC 2119 [8] to describe the specification outside
   the scope of the formal XML syntax.  While reading this section,
   please reference Section 5 for needed details on the formal XML
   syntax.


3.1  Query Derivatives


3.1.1  <findContacts> Query


   <findContacts> searches for contacts given search constraints.


   The allowable search fields are handled by one of the elements in the
   "contactSearchGroup" (see Section 3.1.8).


   This query also provides optional <language> elements containing
   language tags.  Clients MAY use these elements to give a hint about
   the natural language(s) of the affected element.  Servers MAY use
   this information in processing the query, such as tailoring
   normalization routines to aid in more effective searches.


   The client SHOULD pass the names unchanged to the server, and the
   implementation of the server decides if the search is case sensitive
   or not.


3.1.2  <findOrganizations>


   The <findOrganizations> element allows searches by name of
   organizations.


   The child element <name> allows the query to be constrained based on
   the name of the organization.  The constraint can either constrain
   the query by an exact match using the <exactMatch> element, or it may
   constrain the query by a subset of the name using the <beginsWith>
   and <endsWith> elements.


   This query also provides optional <language> elements containing
   language tags.  Clients MAY use these elements to give a hint about
   the natural language(s) of the affected element.  Servers MAY use
   this information in processing the query, such as tailoring




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   normalization routines to aid in more effective searches.


   The client SHOULD pass the names unchanged to the server, and the
   implementation of the server decides if the search is case sensitive
   or not.


3.1.3  <findAutonomousSystemsByName> and <findNetworksByName>


   The <findAutonomousSystemsByName> and <findNetworksByName> elements
   allow searches by name of autonomous systems, and networks,
   respectively.  Both have the same format.


   The child element <name> may either have as children the <exactMatch>
   element or the <beginsWith> and <endsWith> elements.


3.1.4  <findNetworksByAddress>


   The <findNetworkByAddress> element is a query for a network given a
   related IP address or IP address range.  It has the following child
   elements:
   o  <ipv4Address> - has a child <start> element containing the
      starting IPv4 address of the network and an optional child of
      <end> containing the ending IPv4 address of the network.
   o  <ipv6Address> - same as <ipv4Address> but the child addresses
      contain IPv6 addresses.  Clients MUST convert any short-form
      notation to the fully-qualified notation.
   o  <specificity> - determines the network specificity for the search
      (see Section 4).  Valid values are "exact-match",
      "all-less-specifics", "one-level-less-specifics",
      "all-more-specifics", and "one-level-more-specifics".  This
      element may have the optional attribute 'allowEquivalences'.  When
      set to "true", the result set should include networks with
      equivalent starting and ending addresses.


   The results from this query MUST be either the <ipv4Network> result
   or the <ipv6Network> result.  More than one network result MAY be
   returned.


3.1.5  <findNetworkBySpecificity>


   The <findNetworkBySpecificity> element is a query for a network given
   a the handle of a related network.  It has the following child
   elements:
   o  <networkHandle> - Specifies the network handle.
   o  <specificity> - determines the network specificity for the search
      (see Section 4).  Valid values are "all-less-specifics",
      "one-level-less-specifics", "all-more-specifics", and
      "one-level-more-specifics".




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   The results from this query MUST be either the <ipv4Network> result
   or the <ipv6Network> result.  More than one network result MAY be
   returned.


   This query could be used to discover the parentage relationships
   between networks that have the same starting and ending addresses.


3.1.6  <findASNByNumber>


   The <findASNByNumber> element allows a search for autonomous system
   number ranges given a related ASN range.  It has the following child
   elements:
   o  <asNumberStart> - Specifies the start of the ASN range.
   o  <asNumberEnd> - Specifies the end of the ASN range.
   o  <specificity> - determines the range specificity for the search
      (see Section 4).  Valid values are "exact-match",
      "all-less-specifics", "one-level-less-specifics",
      "all-more-specifics" and "one-level-more-specifics".  This element
      may have the optional attribute 'allowEquivalences'.  When set to
      "true", the result set should include ranges with equivalent
      starting and ending numbers.


   The results from this query MUST be <autonomousSystem> result.  More
   than one result MAY be returned.


3.1.7  <findByContact>


   The <findByContact> element allows a search for autonomous system
   number ranges, IP networks and organizations on fields associated
   with that entity's contact.  Search constraints of <returnASNs>,
   <returnIPv4Networks>, <returnIPv6Networks> and <returnOrganizations>
   MUST restrict the results to ASN ranges, IPv4 networks, IPv6 networks
   and organizations, respectively.


   The allowable search fields are handled with either the
   <contactHandle> element or one of the elements in the
   "contactSearchGroup" (see Section 3.1.8).  The <contactHandle>
   element allows for the entities to be selected based on the contact
   having the specified contact handle.


   The query MAY also be constrained further using the optional <role>
   element.  The contents of this element signify the role the contact
   has with the entity.


   This query also provides optional <language> elements containing
   language tags.  Clients MAY use these elements to give a hint about
   the natural language(s) of the affected element.  Servers MAY use
   this information in processing the query, such as tailoring




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   normalization routines to aid in more effective searches.


   The results from this query MUST be the <ipv4Network> results, the
   <ipv6Network> results, the <autonomousSystem> or <organization>
   results.  More than one result MAY be returned and the results MAY be
   of mixed types.


3.1.8  Contact Search Group


   Some of the queries above have similar query constraints for
   searching on contacts.  This section describes those common
   parameters.


   <commonName> allows the query to be constrained based on the common
   name of the contact.  The constraint can either constrain the query
   by an exact match using the <exactMatch> element, or it may constrain
   the query by a subset of the common name using the <beginsWith> and
   <endsWith> elements.


   <organization> allows the query to be constrained based on the
   organization ID (handle) of the contact.


   <eMail> constrains the query based on the e-mail address of the
   contact.  This may be done by an exact e-mail address using the
   <exactMatch> element or by any e-mail address in a domain using the
   <inDomain> element.  The <inDomain> MUST only contain a valid domain
   name (i.e.  no '@' symbol), and the matching SHOULD take place only
   on the domain given (i.e.  no partial matches with respect to
   substrings or parent domains).


   The <city>, <region>, and <postalCode> elements restrict the scope of
   the query based on the city, region, or postal code of the contact,
   respectively.  Each one must only contain an <exactMatch> element
   containing the exact city, region, or postal code (i.e.  no substring
   searches).


3.2  Result Derivatives


3.2.1  <ipv4Network> and <ipv6Network> Results


   The <ipv4Network> and <ipv6Network> share a common defintion of
   'ipNetworkType'.  It has the following child elements:
   o  <networkHandle> contains the registry-unique assigned handle for
      this network.
   o  <name> contains a human friendly name for the network.
   o  <startAddress> contains the first IP address of the network.
   o  <endAddress> contains the last IP address of the network.





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   o  <networkType> contains a string denoting the type of network.
      *  <networkTypeInfoURI> contains a URI where the meanings of the
         values are explained in a plain natural language.
   o  Zero or more <nameServer> elements, each containing the domain
      name of a nameserver responsible for reverse-DNS mapping for this
      network.
   o  <organization> contains an entity reference to the organization
      assigned this network.  The referent MUST be an <organization>
      (Section 3.2.4) result.
   o  One of:
      *  <parent> contains an entity reference to the parent network of
         this network.  The referent MUST be an <ipv4Network> (Section
         3.2.1) result if this reference is a child of <ipv4Network>.
         The referent MUST be an <ipv6Network> (Section 3.2.1) result if
         this reference is a child of <ipv6Network>.
      *  <noParent> contains no children and simply signifies that the
         network does not have a parent.
   o  Contact references (see Section 3.2.5).
   o  Common child elements (see Section 3.2.6).


3.2.2  <autonomousSystem> Result


   The <autonomousSystem> element represents an assigned autonomous
   system.  It has the following children:
   o  <asHandle> contains a registry-unique assigned handle for this
      autonomous system.
   o  <asNumberStart> contains an integer indicating the starting number
      for the autonomous system.
   o  <asNumberEnd> contains an integer indicating the ending number for
      the autonomous system.
   o  <organization> contains an entity reference to the organization
      assigned this autonomous system.  The referent MUST be an
      <organization> (Section 3.2.4) result.
   o  One of:
      *  <parent> contains an entity reference to the parent ASN range
         of this ASN range.  The referent MUST be an <autonomousSystem>
         (Section 3.2.2) result.
      *  <noParent> contains no children and simply signifies that the
         network does not have a parent.
   o  Contact references (see Section 3.2.5).
   o  Common child elements (see Section 3.2.6).


3.2.3  <contact> Result


   The <contact> element represents the registration of a point of
   contact.  It has the following child elements:
   o  <contactHandle> contains the registry-unique assigned handle for
      this contact.




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   o  Either <commonName> or <role>.  The first element specifes the
      name of the contact.  The latter element, <role>, specifies that
      the contact is a group of people given the responsibility
      described by this element.
   o  <eMail> contains the email address for this contact.
   o  <sip> contains the sip address for this contact.
   o  <organization> contains an entity reference to the organization
      associated with this contact.  The referent MUST be an
      <organization> (Section 3.2.4) result.
   o  <phone> contains child elements describing the phone number of the
      contact.  The child elements are <number>, <extension>, and
      <type>.
   o  Common child elements (see Section 3.2.6).


3.2.4  <organization> Result


   The <organization> element represents an organization.  It has the
   following child elements:
   o  <name> contains the name of the organization.
   o  <id> contains a registry-unique identifier for this organization.
   o  <eMail> contains the email address for this organization.
   o  <address> contains the address for this organization.
   o  <city> contains the city where this organization is located.
   o  <region> contains the national region where this organization is
      located.
   o  <postalCode> contains the postal code where this organization is
      located.
   o  <country> contains the country code where this organization is
      located.  This MUST be compliant with ISO 3166 [12] two-character
      country codes.
   o  Contact references (see Section 3.2.5).
   o  Common child elements (see Section 3.2.6).


3.2.5  Contact References


   The registry schema defined in Section 5 normalizes out a group of
   elements used to reference contacts.  This group is used by many of
   the result types for this registry.  The group has the following
   elements, each of which may appear as many times as needed.  The
   referent of each MUST be <contact> (Section 3.2.3) results.
   o  <adminContact>
   o  <techContact>
   o  <nocContact>
   o  <abuseContact>
   o  <otherContact>







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3.2.6  Common Result Child Elements


   The registry schema defined in Section 5 normalizes out a group of
   common elements used most of the reult types.  The group has the
   following elements:
   o  <numberResourceRegistry> contains an entity reference to the
      number resource registry of record.  The referent MUST be an
      <organization> (Section 3.2.4) result.
   o  <registrationDate> contains the date of first registration.
   o  <lastUpdatedDate> contains the date when the registration was last
      updated.
   o  The <iris:seeAlso> element contains an entity reference specifying
      an entity that is indirectly associated with this result object.
      This element can be used for comments and remarks.


3.3  Support for <iris:lookupEntity>


   The following types of entity classes are recognized by the
   <lookupEntity> query of IRIS for this registry:
   o  ipv4-handle - a registry unique identifier specifying an IPv4
      network.  Queries with these names will yield a <ipv4Network>
      result.
   o  ipv6-handle - a registry unique identifier specifying an IPv6
      network.  Queries with these names will yield a <ipv6Network>
      result.
   o  as-handle - a registry unique identifier specifying an autonomous
      system.  It yields a result of <autonomousSystem>.
   o  contact-handle - a registry unique identifier of a contact.
      Yields a result of <contact>.
   o  organization-id - a registry unique identifier of an organization.
      Yields a result of <organization>.
   o  The entity names of these entity classes are case insensitive.




















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4.  Terminology for Nesting of Networks


   The following terms are defined for describing the nesting of IP
   networks.
   o  More specific: Given two networks, A and B, A is more specific
      than B if network B includes all space of network A, and if
      network B is larger than network A.
   o  Less specific: Opposite of more specific.  The network B is less
      specific than network A if network A's all space is included in
      network B and if network A is smaller than network B.
   o  Most specific: Given a set of networks, the network or networks
      that are more specific than zero or more of other networks in the
      set, and that are not a less specific of any of the networks in
      the set.
   o  Least specific: Given a set of networks, the network or networks
      that are not more specific to any of the other networks in the
      set.


   Examples:


   +-------------------------------------------------------+
   |                                                       |
   | Given the networks A, B, C and D as follows:          |
   |                                                       |
   |    A    |---------------------------------|           |
   |    B                    |-----------------|           |
   |    C                       |---------|                |
   |    D      |-------|                                   |
   |                                                       |
   |                                                       |
   | The network A is less specific than B, C and D.       |
   | The network B is more specific than A.                |
   | Among these four networks, A is the least specific,   |
   |   and C and D are the most specific networks.         |
   |                                                       |
   +-------------------------------------------------------+


                      Figure 1: Nesting Example 1














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   +-------------------------------------------------------+
   |                                                       |
   | Given the networks E, F and G:                        |
   |                                                       |
   |    E   |----------|                                   |
   |    F                |--------------|                  |
   |    G     |---|                                        |
   |                                                       |
   | The networks E and F are least specific networks.     |
   | The networks F and G are most specific networks.      |
   |                                                       |
   +-------------------------------------------------------+


                      Figure 2: Nesting Example 2


   The following definitions assume that there are no overlapping
   networks in the database.  A network overlaps with another one when
   they encompass each other's space partially.  Examples:


     A   |---------------------|
     B       |----------------------------|


                      Figure 3: Nesting Example 3



     C   |------------------|
     D   |---------|


                      Figure 4: Nesting Example 4


   Here, the networks C and D are NOT overlapping networks, because even
   if network D encompasses a part of network C's space, network C does
   not encompass network D's space partially (it encompasses network D
   completely).


   The address directory can contain more than one network with the same
   range.  They are said to be exact match networks.


   Parent/child relationship in the internet address directory is
   unidirectional.  That is, there might also be parent/child
   relationship with exact match networks, but a network cannot be a
   parent and a child of its exact match network at the same time.


   Nested matching searches:


   [1] Given a range, find all the networks that contain that range (ie,
   all less specifics and exact matches).  These networks are the
   networks that fulfill the following condition:




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   (start(network) <= start(search)) AND (end(network) >= end(search))


   [2] Given a range, find only the most specific network that contains
   that range (could be multiple networks, but usually single); This is
   the set of networks from [1], with the provision that: no network in
   the return set is contained by any other network in the set.  If
   there are exact match networks in the set from [1], they both must
   appear in the result set.  The result set must not contain a network
   that is exact match to the query range.



   A  |-------------------------------|
   B  |---------------------------|
   C            |-------|
   Query  |- - - - - - - - - -|



                      Figure 5: Nesting Example 5


   In the above case, the query must return B.


   A  |-------------------------------|
   B  |---------------------------|
   C  |---------------------------|
   D            |-------|
   Query  |- - - - - - - - - -|


                      Figure 6: Nesting Example 6


   Here, the query must return B and C (they are exact matches of each
   other).


   A  |-------------------------------|
   B  |---------------------------|
   C  |---------------------------|
   D            |-------|
   Query        |- - - -|


                      Figure 7: Nesting Example 7


   Here, the query must return B and C (they are exact matches of each
   other).  D must not be in the result set, as it is exact match to the
   query.


   [3] Given a range, find all the networks that are fully within that
   range.  The set must not contain an exact match:


   (start(network) >= start(search)) AND (end(network) <= end(search))




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   AND NOT ((start(network) = start(search)) AND (end(network) =
   end(search)))


   [4] Given a range, find only the least specific networks that are
   fully within that range.  This is the set of networks from [3], with
   the provision that:


   no network in the return set contains any other network in the return
   set.


   Query   |- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -|


   A       |------------------|
   B                           |-------------------------|
   C           |--------|
   D                                      |---------|


                      Figure 8: Nesting Example 8


   [5] Given a range, find the networks that begin and end on the same
   IP addresses as the range ("exact match").


   That is, the networks that fulfill the following condition:


   (start(network) = start(search)) AND (end(network) = end(search))


   [6] Given a range find the exact match network if exists, and if not,
   perform the [2] search.


   For the cases [1]-[6], if a network handle is given as the input,
   then the server must find the network with this handle, and then
   perform the specified search for its range.


   Parent-child relationship searches:


   [7] Given a network handle, find the network that is the direct (one
   level up) parent of the network with the given handle.


   [8] Given a network handle, find the network or networks that are
   direct (one level down) children of the network with the handle
   given.











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5.  Formal XML Syntax


   This IP address registry is specified in the XML Schema notation.
   The formal syntax presented here is a complete schema representation
   suitable for automated validation of an XML instance when combined
   with the formal schema syntax of IRIS.



   <?xml version="1.0"?>
   <schema xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
           xmlns:areg="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:areg1"
           xmlns:iris="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:iris1"
           targetNamespace="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:areg1"
           elementFormDefault="qualified" >


     <import namespace="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:iris1" />


     <annotation>
       <documentation>
         IP address registry schema
         derived from IRIS schema
       </documentation>
     </annotation>


     <!-- ========================================= -->
     <!--                                           -->
     <!-- Query Types                               -->
     <!--                                           -->
     <!-- ========================================= -->


     <!--                                           -->
     <!-- Find Organizations By Name                -->
     <!-- Find Autonomous Systems By Name           -->
     <!-- Find Networks By Name                     -->
     <!--                                           -->


     <complexType
       name="findByNameType" >
       <complexContent>
         <extension
           base="iris:queryType">
           <sequence>
             <element
               name="name"
               type="areg:exactOrPartialMatchParameter" />
             <element
                name="language"
                type="language"




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                minOccurs="0"
                maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
           </sequence>
         </extension>
       </complexContent>
     </complexType>


     <element
       name="findOrganizations"
       type="areg:findByNameType"
       substitutionGroup="iris:query" />


     <element
       name="findNetworks"
       type="areg:findByNameType"
       substitutionGroup="iris:query" />


     <element
       name="findAutonomousSystems"
       type="areg:findByNameType"
       substitutionGroup="iris:query" />


     <!--                                           -->
     <!-- Address/Address Range type for            -->
     <!--   Find Network                            -->
     <!--                                           -->


     <complexType
       name="addressRangeType">
       <sequence>
         <element
           name="start"
           type="token" />
         <element
           name="end"
           type="token"
           minOccurs="0"
           maxOccurs="1" />
       </sequence>
     </complexType>


     <!--                                           -->
     <!-- Find Networks By Address                  -->
     <!--                                           -->


     <complexType
       name="findNetworksByAddressType" >
       <complexContent>




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         <extension
           base="iris:queryType">
           <sequence>
             <choice>
               <element
                 name="networkHandle"
                 type="token" />
               <element
                 name="ipv4Address"
                 type="areg:addressRangeType" />
               <element
                 name="ipv6Address"
                 type="areg:addressRangeType" />
             </choice>
             <element
               name="specificity">
               <complexType>
                 <simpleContent>
                   <extension
                     base="areg:specificityType" >
                     <attribute
                       name="allowEquivalences"
                       type="boolean"
                       default="false" />
                   </extension>
                 </simpleContent>
               </complexType>
             </element>
           </sequence>
         </extension>
       </complexContent>
     </complexType>


     <element
       name="findNetworksByAddress"
       type="areg:findNetworksByAddressType"
       substitutionGroup="iris:query" />


     <!--                                           -->
     <!-- Find ASN By Number                        -->
     <!--                                           -->


        <complexType
          name="findASNByNumberType" >
          <complexContent>
            <extension
              base="iris:queryType">
              <sequence>




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                <element
                  name="asNumberStart"
                  type="token" />
                <element
                  name="asNumberEnd"
                  type="token"
                  minOccurs="0"
                  maxOccurs="1" />
                <element
                  name="specificity"
                  <complexType>
                    <simpleContent>
                      <extension
                        base="areg:specificityType" >
                        <attribute
                          name="allowEquivalences"
                          type="boolean"
                          default="false" />
                      </extension>
                    </simpleContent>
                  </complexType>
                </element>
              </sequence>
            </extension>
          </complexContent>
        </complexType>


        <element
          name="findASNByNumber"
          type="areg:findASNByNumberType"




     <simpleType
       name="specificityType">
       <restriction
         base="string">
           <enumeration
             value="exact-match" />
           <enumeration
             value="all-less-specifics" />
           <enumeration
             value="one-level-less-specifics" />
           <enumeration
             value="all-more-specifics" />
           <enumeration
             value="one-level-more-specifics" />
       </restriction>




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     </simpleType>



     <!--                                           -->
     <!-- Find By Contact                           -->
     <!--                                           -->


        <complexType
          name="findByContactType">
          <complexContent>
            <extension
              base="iris:queryType">
              <sequence>
                <choice>
                  <group
                    ref="areg:contactSearchGroup" />
                  <element
                    name="contactHandle"
                    type="areg:exactMatchParameter" />
                </choice>
                <element
                  name="returnedResultType"
                  minOccurs="0"
                  maxOccurs="1" >
                  <simpleType>
                    <restriction
                      base="string" >
                      <enumeration
                        value="returnASNs" />
                      <enumeration
                        value="returnIPv4Networks" />
                      <enumeration
                        value="returnIPv6Networks" />
                      <enumeration
                        value="returnOrganizations" />
                    </restriction>
                  </simpleType>
                </element>
                <element
                  name="role"
                  minOccurs="0"
                  maxOccurs="1" >
                  <simpleType>
                    <restriction
                      base="string" >
                      <enumeration
                        value="adminContact" />
                      <enumeration




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                        value="techContact" />
                      <enumeration
                        value="nocContact" />
                      <enumeration
                        value="abuseContact" />
                      <enumeration
                        value="otherContact" />
                    </restriction>
                  </simpleType>
                </element>
                <element
                  name="language"
                  type="language"
                  minOccurs="0"
                  maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
              </sequence>
            </extension>
          </complexContent>
        </complexType>


        <element
          name="findByContact"
          type="areg:findByContactType"
          substitutionGroup="iris:query" />



     <!--                                           -->
     <!-- Find Networks By Specificity              -->
     <!--                                           -->


        <complexType
          name="findNetworksBySpecificityType" >
          <complexContent>
            <extension
              base="iris:queryType">
              <sequence>
                <element
                  name="networkHandle"
                  type="token" />
                <element
                  name="specificity"
                  type="areg:specificitySubsetType" />
              </sequence>
            </extension>
          </complexContent>
        </complexType>


        <simpleType




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          name="specificitySubsetType">
          <restriction
            base="string">
              <enumeration
                value="all-less-specifics" />
              <enumeration
                value="one-level-less-specifics" />
              <enumeration
                value="all-more-specifics" />
              <enumeration
                value="one-level-more-specifics" />
          </restriction>
        </simpleType>


        <element
          name="findNetworksBySpecificity"
          type="areg:findNetworksBySpecificityType"
          substitutionGroup="iris:query" />



     <!--                                           -->
     <!-- Find Contacts                             -->
     <!--                                           -->


        <complexType
          name="findContactsType">
          <complexContent>
            <extension
              base="iris:queryType">
              <sequence>
                <group
                  ref="areg:contactSearchGroup" />
                <element
                  name="language"
                  type="language"
                  minOccurs="0"
                  maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
               </sequence>
            </extension>
          </complexContent>
        </complexType>


        <element
          name="findContacts"
          type="areg:findContactsType"
          substitutionGroup="iris:query" />






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     <!--                                           -->
     <!-- Contact Search Group                      -->
     <!--                                           -->


        <group
          name="contactSearchGroup">
          <choice>
            <element
              name="commonName"
              type="areg:exactOrPartialMatchParameter" />
            <element
              name="organization"
              type="token" />
            <element
              name="eMail"
              type="areg:domainResourceParameter" />
            <element
              name="city"
              type="areg:exactMatchParameter" />
            <element
              name="region"
              type="areg:exactMatchParameter" />
            <element
              name="postalCode"
              type="areg:exactMatchParameter" />
          </choice>
        </group>


        <complexType
          name="exactOrPartialMatchParameter">
          <choice>
            <group
              ref="areg:partialMatchGroup" />
            <group
              ref="areg:exactMatchGroup" />
          </choice>
        </complexType>


        <complexType
          name="exactMatchParameter">
          <group
            ref="areg:exactMatchGroup" />
        </complexType>


        <complexType
          name="partialMatchParameter">
          <sequence>
            <group




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              ref="areg:partialMatchGroup" />
          </sequence>
        </complexType>


        <complexType
          name="domainResourceParameter" >
          <choice>
            <group
              ref="areg:exactMatchGroup" />
            <element
              name="inDomain"
              type="token" />
          </choice>
        </complexType>


        <element
          name="baseDomain"
          type="normalizedString" />


        <group
          name="partialMatchGroup">
          <choice>
            <sequence>
              <element
                name="beginsWith">
                <simpleType>
                  <restriction
                    base="token">
                    <minLength
                      value="1"/>
                  </restriction>
                </simpleType>
              </element>
              <element
                minOccurs="0"
                name="endsWith">
                <simpleType>
                  <restriction
                    base="token">
                    <minLength
                      value="1"/>
                  </restriction>
                </simpleType>
              </element>
            </sequence>
            <element
              name="endsWith">
              <simpleType>




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                <restriction
                  base="token">
                  <minLength
                    value="1"/>
                </restriction>
              </simpleType>
            </element>
          </choice>
        </group>


        <group
          name="exactMatchGroup">
          <sequence>
            <element
              name="exactMatch"
              type="normalizedString" />
          </sequence>
        </group>


     <!-- ========================================= -->
     <!--                                           -->
     <!-- Result Types                              -->
     <!--                                           -->
     <!-- ========================================= -->


     <!--                                           -->
     <!-- IPv4 & IPv6 Network Results               -->
     <!--                                           -->


     <complexType
       name="ipNetworkType">
       <complexContent>
         <extension
           base="iris:resultType">
           <sequence>
             <element
               name="networkHandle"
               type="token" />
             <element
               name="name"
               minOccurs="0"
               maxOccurs="1"
               type="normalizedString" />
             <element
               name="startAddress"
               type="token" />
             <element
               name="endAddress"




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               type="token" />
             <element
               name="networkType"
               type="normalizedString">
               <element
                 name="networkTypeInfoURI"
                 type="normalizedString"
                 minOccurs="0"
                 mazOccurs="1" />
               <element />
             <element
               name="nameServer"
               type="normalizedString"
               minOccurs="0"
               maxOccurs="unbounded" />
             <element
               name="organization"
               type="iris:entityType"
               minOccurs="0"
               maxOccurs="1" />
             <choice
               minOccurs="0"
               maxOccurs="1" >
               <element
                 name="parent"
                 type="iris:entityType" />
               <element
                 name="noParent">
                 <complexType/>
               </element>
             </choice>
             <group
               ref="areg:contactGroup" />
             <group
               ref="areg:commonGroup" />
           </sequence>
         </extension>
       </complexContent>
     </complexType>


     <element
       name="ipv4Network"
       type="areg:ipNetworkType"
       substitutionGroup="iris:result" />


     <element
       name="ipv6Network"
       type="areg:ipNetworkType"




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       substitutionGroup="iris:result" />


     <!--                                           -->
     <!-- Autonomous System                         -->
     <!--                                           -->


     <complexType
       name="autonomousSystemType">
       <complexContent>
         <extension
           base="iris:resultType">
           <sequence>
             <element
               name="asHandle"
               type="token" />
             <element
               name="asNumberStart"
               type="integer"
               minOccurs="1"
               maxOccurs="1" />
             <element
               name="asNumberEnd"
               type="integer"
               minOccurs="0"
               maxOccurs="1" />
             <element
               name="name"
               type="normalizedString"
               minOccurs="0"
               maxOccurs="1" />
             <element
               name="organization"
               type="iris:entityType"
               minOccurs="0"
               maxOccurs="1" />
             <choice
               minOccurs="0"
               maxOccurs="1">
               <element
                 name="parent"
                 type="iris:entityType" />
               <element
                 name="noParent" />
                 <complexType/>
               </element>
             </choice>
             <group
               ref="areg:contactGroup" />




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             <group
               ref="areg:commonGroup" />
           </sequence>
         </extension>
       </complexContent>
     </complexType>


     <element
       name="autonomousSystem"
       type="areg:autonomousSystemType"
       substitutionGroup="iris:result" />


     <!--                                           -->
     <!-- Contact                                   -->
     <!--                                           -->


     <complexType
       name="contactType">
       <complexContent>
         <extension
           base="iris:resultType">
           <sequence>
             <element
               name="contactHandle"
               type="token" />
             <element
               name="commonName"
               type="normalizedString"
               minOccurs="0"
               maxOccurs="1" />
             <element
               name="eMail"
               type="normalizedString"
               minOccurs="0"
               maxOccurs="unbounded" />
             <element
               name="sip"
               type="normalizedString"
               minOccurs="0"
               maxOccurs="unbounded" />
             <element
               name="organization"
               type="iris:entityType"
               minOccurs="0"
               maxOccurs="unbounded" />
             <element
               name="phone"
               minOccurs="0"




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               maxOccurs="unbounded" >
               <complexType>
                 <sequence>
                   <element
                     name="number"
                     type="normalizedString" />
                   <element
                     name="extension"
                     type="normalizedString"
                     minOccurs="0"
                     maxOccurs="unbounded" />
                   <element
                     name="type"
                     type="normalizedString" />
                     minOccurs="0"
                     maxOccurs="1" />
                 </sequence>
               </complexType>
             </element>
             <element
               name="language"
               type="language"
               minOccurs="0"
               maxOccurs="1" />
             <group
               ref="areg:commonGroup" />
           </sequence>
         </extension>
       </complexContent>
     </complexType>


     <element
       name="contact"
       type="areg:contactType"
       substitutionGroup="iris:result" />


     <!--                                           -->
     <!-- Organization                              -->
     <!--                                           -->


     <complexType
       name="organizationType">
       <complexContent>
         <extension
           base="iris:resultType">
           <sequence>
             <element
               name="name"




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               type="normalizedString" />
             <element
               name="eMail"
               type="normalizedString"
               minOccurs="0"
               maxOccurs="unbounded" />
             <element
               name="id"
               type="token" />
             <element name="address"
               type="string"
               minOccurs="0"
               maxOccurs="1" />
             <element
               name="city"
               type="string"
               minOccurs="0"
               maxOccurs="1" />
             <element
               name="region"
               type="string"
               minOccurs="0"
               maxOccurs="1" />
             <element
               name="postalCode"
               type="normalizedString"
               minOccurs="0"
               maxOccurs="1" />
             <element
               name="country"
               type="token"
               minOccurs="0"
               maxOccurs="1" />
             <group
               ref="areg:contactGroup" />
             <group
               ref="areg:commonGroup" />
           </sequence>
         </extension>
       </complexContent>
     </complexType>


     <element
       name="organization"
       type="areg:organizationType"
       substitutionGroup="iris:result" />


     <group




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       name="contactGroup">
       <sequence>
         <element
           name="adminContact"
           type="iris:entityType"
           minOccurs="0"
           maxOccurs="unbounded" />
         <element
           name="techContact"
           type="iris:entityType"
           minOccurs="0"
           maxOccurs="unbounded" />
         <element
           name="nocContact"
           type="iris:entityType"
           minOccurs="0"
           maxOccurs="unbounded" />
         <element
           name="abuseContact"
           type="iris:entityType"
           minOccurs="0"
           maxOccurs="unbounded" />
         <element
           name="otherContact"
           type="iris:entityType"
           minOccurs="0"
           maxOccurs="unbounded" />
       </sequence>
     </group>


     <group
       name="commonGroup">
       <sequence>
         <element
           name="numberResourceRegistry"
           type="iris:entityType"
           minOccurs="0"
           maxOccurs="1" />
         <element
           name="registrationDate"
           type="dateTime"
           minOccurs="0"
           maxOccurs="1" />
         <element
           name="lastUpdatedDate"
           type="dateTime"
           minOccurs="0"
           maxOccurs="1" />




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         <element
           ref="iris:seeAlso"
           minOccurs="0"
           maxOccurs="unbounded" />
       </sequence>
     </group>


   </schema>


                                Figure 9










































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6.  BEEP Transport Compliance


   IRIS allows several extensions of the core capabilities.  This
   section outlines those extensions allowable by IRIS-BEEP [10].


6.1  Message Pattern


   This registry type uses the default message pattern as described in
   IRIS-BEEP [10].


6.2  Server Authentication


   This registry type uses the default server authentication method as
   described in IRIS-BEEP [10].






































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7.  URI Resolution


7.1  Application Service Label


   The application service label associated with this registry type MUST
   be "AREG1".  This is the abbreviated form the URN for this registry
   type, urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:areg1.


7.2  Top-Down Resolution


   The top-down alternative resolution method MUST be identified as
   'top' in IRIS URI's.


   The client SHOULD start every query from the CRISP server
   crisp.nro.org and follow the referrals to find the authoritative
   server to actually query.




































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8.  Internationalization Considerations


   This document lays out no new considerations for internationalization
   beyond that specified in IRIS [9].
















































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9.  IANA Considerations


   The following URN will need to be registered with IANA according to
   the IANA considerations defined in IRIS [9]:
      urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:areg1


   The following NAPSTR application service label will need to be
   registered with IANA according to the IANA considerations defined in
   IRIS [9]:
      AREG1










































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10.  Security Considerations


   This document lays out no new considerations for security precautions
   beyond that specified in IRIS [9].


11  References


   [1]   Mockapetris, P., "Domain names - implementation and
         specification", STD 13, RFC 1035, November 1987.


   [2]   World Wide Web Consortium, "Extensible Markup Language (XML)
         1.0", W3C XML, February 1998,
         <http://www.w3.org/TR/1998/REC-xml-19980210>.


   [3]   World Wide Web Consortium, "Namespaces in XML", W3C XML
         Namespaces, January 1999,
         <http://www.w3.org/TR/1999/REC-xml-names-19990114>.


   [4]   World Wide Web Consortium, "XML Schema Part 2: Datatypes", W3C
         XML Schema, October 2000,
         <http://www.w3.org/TR/2001/REC-xmlschema-2-20010502/>.


   [5]   World Wide Web Consortium, "XML Schema Part 1: Structures", W3C
         XML Schema, October 2000,
         <http://www.w3.org/TR/2001/REC-xmlschema-1-20010502/>.


   [6]   Reynolds, J. and J. Postel, "ASSIGNED NUMBERS", RFC 1700, STD
         2, October 1994.


   [7]   Narten, T. and H. Alvestrand, "Guidelines for Writing an IANA
         Considerations Section in RFCs", RFC 2434, BCP 26, October
         1998.


   [8]   Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement
         Levels", RFC 2119, BCP 14, March 1997.


   [9]   Newton, A., "Internet Registry Information Service",
         draft-ietf-crisp-iris-core-01 (work in progress), November
         2002.


   [10]  Newton, A., "Internet Registry Information Service (IRIS) over
         the Blocks Extensible Exchange Protocol (BEEP)",
         draft-ietf-crisp-iris-beep-01 (work in progress), November
         2002.


   [11]  Newton, A., "Cross Registry Internet Service Protocol (CRISP)
         Requirements", draft-ietf-crisp-requirements-01 (work in
         progress), October 2002.




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   [12]  International Organization for Standardization, "Codes for the
         representation of names of countries, 3rd edition", ISO
         Standard 3166, August 1988.



Authors' Addresses


   Engin Gunduz
   RIPE NCC
   Singel 258
   Amsterdam  1016AB
   The Netherlands


   Phone: +31 20 535 4440
   EMail: engin@ripe.net



   Andrew L. Newton
   VeriSign, Inc.
   21345 Ridgetop Circle
   Sterling, VA  20166
   USA


   Phone: +1 703 948 3382
   EMail: andy@hxr.us; anewton@verisignlabs.com



























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Appendix A.  Example Requests and Responses


   The examples in this section use the string "C:" to denote data sent
   by a client to a server and the string "S:" to denote data sent by a
   server to a client.


A.1  Example 1


   The following is an example of entity lookup for the contact-handle
   of 'JN560-ARIN'.


   C: <?xml version="1.0"?>
   C: <request xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:iris1"
   C:   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
   C:   xsi:schemaLocation="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:iris1 iris.xsd" >
   C:
   C:   <searchSet>
   C:
   C:     <lookupEntity
   C:       registryType="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:areg1"
   C:       entityClass="contact-handle"
   C:       entityName="JN560-ARIN" />
   C:
   C:   </searchSet>
   C:
   C: </request>


   S: <?xml version="1.0"?>
   S: <iris:response
   S:   xmlns:iris="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:iris1"
   S:   xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:areg1"
   S:   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
   S:
   S:   <iris:resultSet>
   S:     <iris:answer>
   S:
   S:       <contact
   S:         authority="arin.net"
   S:         registryType="areg1"
   S:         entityClass="contact-handle"
   S:         entityName="JN560-ARIN">
   S:
   S:         <contactHandle>JN560-ARIN</contactHandle>
   S:
   S:         <firstName>John</firstName>
   S:         <lastName>Niland</lastName>
   S:
   S:         <organization




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   S:           iris:referentType="organization"
   S:           authority="arin.net"
   S:           registryType="areg1"
   S:           entityClass="organization-id"
   S:           entityName="VERIS">
   S:           <iris:displayName
   S:             language="en">
   S:             VeriSign, Inc.
   S:           </iris:displayName>
   S:         </organization>
   S:
   S:         <phone>
   S:           <number>+1-703-948-4300</number>
   S:           <type>office</type>
   S:         </phone>
   S:
   S:       </contact>
   S:
   S:     </iris:answer>
   S:   </iris:resultSet>
   S:
   S: </iris:response>


                          Figure 10: Example 1



A.2  Example 2


   The following example shows a query to find the IP networks
   containing a given address.


   C: <?xml version="1.0"?>
   C: <request xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:iris1"
   C:          xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
   C:
   C:   <searchSet>
   C:     <findNetworksByAddress
   C:       xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:areg1">
   C:
   C:       <ipv4Address>
   C:         <start>65.201.175.9</start>
   C:       </ipv4Address>
   C:
   C:       <specificity allowEquivalences="true">most</specificity>
   C:
   C:     </findNetworksByAddress>
   C:   </searchSet>
   C:




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   C: </request>


   S: <?xml version="1.0"?>
   S: <iris:response xmlns:iris="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:iris1"
   S:                xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
   S:
   S:   <iris:resultSet>
   S:     <iris:answer>
   S:       <areg:ipv4Network
   S:         xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:areg1"
   S:         xmlns:areg="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:areg1"
   S:         xsi:schemaLocation="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:areg1 areg.xsd"
   S:         authority="65.0.0.0" registryType="areg1"
   S:         entityClass="ipv4-handle" entityName="NET-65-201-175-0-1" >
   S:         <networkHandle>
   S:           NET-65-201-175-0-1
   S:         </networkHandle>
   S:         <name>
   S:           UU-65-201-175-D6
   S:         </name>
   S:         <cidrAddress>
   S:           65.201.175.0/24
   S:         </cidrAddress>
   S:         <startAddress>
   S:           65.201.175.0
   S:         </startAddress>
   S:         <endAddress>
   S:           65.201.175.255
   S:         </endAddress>
   S:         <networkType>reassigned</networkType>
   S:         <nameServer>auth03.ns.uu.net</nameServer>
   S:         <nameServer>auth00.ns.uu.net</nameServer>
   S:         <organization
   S:           iris:referentType="areg:organization"
   S:           authority="arin.net" registryType="areg1"
   S:           entityClass="organization-id" entityName="VERIS">
   S:           <iris:displayName language="en">
   S:             VeriSign, Inc.
   S:           </iris:displayName>
   S:         </organization>
   S:         <parent
   S:           iris:referentType="areg:ipv4Network"
   S:           authority="65.0.0.0" registryType="areg1"
   S:           entityClass="ipv4-handle" entityName="NET-65-192-0-0-1"/>
   S:         <techContact
   S:           iris:referentType="areg:contact"
   S:           authority="arin.net" registryType="areg1"
   S:           entityClass="contact-handle" entityName="JN560-ARIN">




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   S:           <iris:displayName language="en">
   S:             Niland, John
   S:           </iris:displayName>
   S:         </techContact>
   S:         <registrationDate>
   S:           2002-11-18T00:00:00-00:00
   S:         </registrationDate>
   S:         <lastUpdatedDate>
   S:           2002-11-18T00:00:00-00:00
   S:         </lastUpdatedDate>
   S:         <iris:seeAlso
   S:           iris:referentType="ANY"
   S:           authority="arin.net" registryType="areg1"
   S:           entityClass="service-defintion" entityName="portability-notice"/>
   S:       </areg:ipv4Network>
   S:       <areg:ipv4Network
   S:         xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:areg1"
   S:         xmlns:areg="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:areg1"
   S:         xsi:schemaLocation="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:areg1 areg.xsd"
   S:         authority="65.0.0.0" registryType="areg1"
   S:         entityClass="ipv4-handle" entityName="NET-65-192-0-0-1" >
   S:         <networkHandle>
   S:           NET-65-192-0-0-1
   S:         </networkHandle>
   S:         <name>
   S:           UUNET65
   S:         </name>
   S:         <cidrAddress>
   S:           65.192.0.0/11
   S:         </cidrAddress>
   S:         <startAddress>
   S:           65.192.0.0
   S:         </startAddress>
   S:         <endAddress>
   S:           65.223.255.255
   S:         </endAddress>
   S:         <networkType>direct allocation</networkType>
   S:         <nameServer>auth03.ns.uu.net</nameServer>
   S:         <nameServer>auth00.ns.uu.net</nameServer>
   S:         <organization
   S:           iris:referentType="areg:organization"
   S:           authority="arin.net" registryType="areg1"
   S:           entityClass="organization-id" entityName="UU">
   S:           <iris:displayName language="en">
   S:             UUNET Technologies, Inc.
   S:           </iris:displayName>
   S:         </organization>
   S:         <parent




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   S:           iris:referentType="areg:ipv4Network"
   S:           authority="65.0.0.0" registryType="areg1"
   S:           entityClass="ipv4-handle" entityName="NET-65-0-0-0-1"/>
   S:         <techContact
   S:           iris:referentType="areg:contact"
   S:           authority="arin.net" registryType="areg1"
   S:           entityClass="contact-handle" entityName="OA12-ARIN" />
   S:         <registrationDate>
   S:           2000-10-27T00:00:00-00:00
   S:         </registrationDate>
   S:         <lastUpdatedDate>
   S:           2002-02-13T00:00:00-00:00
   S:         </lastUpdatedDate>
   S:         <iris:seeAlso
   S:           iris:referentType="ANY"
   S:           authority="arin.net" registryType="areg1"
   S:           entityClass="service-defintion" entityName="portability-notice"/>
   S:       </areg:ipv4Network>
   S:     </iris:answer>
   S:     <iris:additional>
   S:       <iris:simpleEntity
   S:         authority="arin.net" registryType="areg1"
   S:         entityClass="service-definition" entityName="portability-notice" >
   S:         <iris:property name="portability" language="en">
   S:           Addresses within this block are non-portable.
   S:         </iris:property>
   S:       </iris:simpleEntity>
   S:     </iris:additional>
   S:   </iris:resultSet>
   S:
   S: </iris:response>


                          Figure 11: Example 2



















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Appendix B.  Acknowledgements


   Many of the concepts concerning the use of SRV records for step-wise
   refinement towards finding authoritative servers and many of the
   details of result objects in this draft were originally created by
   Eric A.  Hall in his memos regarding the use of LDAP to satisfy the
   CRISP requirements.  These concepts have contributed significantly to
   the development of this protocol.












































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