Network Working Group J.L. Le Roux (Ed.) Internet Draft France Telecom Category: Informational Expires: May 2008 D. Papadimitriou (Ed.) Alcatel-Lucent November 2007 Evaluation of existing GMPLS Protocols against Multi Layer and Multi Region Networks (MLN/MRN) draft-ietf-ccamp-gmpls-mln-eval-04.txt Status of this Memo By submitting this Internet-Draft, each author represents that any applicable patent or other IPR claims of which he or she is aware have been or will be disclosed, and any of which he or she becomes aware will be disclosed, in accordance with Section 6 of BCP 79. Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF), its areas, and its working groups. Note that other groups may also distribute working documents as Internet-Drafts. Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any time. It is inappropriate to use Internet- Drafts as reference material or to cite them other than as "work in progress." The list of current Internet-Drafts can be accessed at http://www.ietf.org/ietf/1id-abstracts.txt. The list of Internet-Draft Shadow Directories can be accessed at http://www.ietf.org/shadow.html. Abstract This document provides an evaluation of Generalized Multi-Protocol Label Switching (GMPLS) protocols and mechanisms against the requirements for Multi-Layer Networks (MLN) and Multi-Region Networks (MRN). In addition, this document identifies areas where additional protocol extensions or procedures are needed to satisfy these requirements, and provides guidelines for potential extensions. Le Roux et al. Evaluation of GMPLS against MLN/MRN Reqs [Page 1] Internet Draft draft-ietf-ccamp-gmpls-mln-eval-04.txt November 2007 Conventions used in this document The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this document are to be interpreted as described in RFC-2119. Table of Contents 1. Introduction................................................3 2. MLN/MRN Requirements Overview...............................4 3. Analysis....................................................4 3.1. Multi Layer Network Aspects.................................4 3.1.1. Support for Virtual Network Topology Reconfiguration........4 3.1.1.1. Control of FA-LSPs Setup/Release..........................5 3.1.1.2. Virtual TE-Links..........................................6 3.1.1.3. Traffic Disruption Minimization During FA Release.........7 3.1.1.4. Stability.................................................7 3.1.2. Support for FA-LSP Attributes Inheritance...................8 3.1.3. FA-LSP Connectivity Verification............................8 3.2. Specific Aspects for Multi-Region Networks..................8 3.2.1. Support for Multi-Region Signaling..........................8 3.2.2. Advertisement of Adjustment Capacities......................9 4. Evaluation Conclusion......................................12 5. Security Considerations....................................12 6. Acknowledgments............................................13 7. References.................................................13 7.1. Normative..................................................13 7.2. Informative................................................13 8. Editors' Addresses:........................................14 9. Contributors' Addresses:...................................14 10. Intellectual Property Statement............................15 Le Roux, et al. Evaluation of GMPLS against MLN/MRN Reqs [Page 2] Internet Draft draft-ietf-ccamp-gmpls-mln-eval-04.txt November 2007 1. Introduction Generalized MPLS (GMPLS) extends MPLS to handle multiple switching technologies: packet switching, layer-2 switching, TDM switching, wavelength switching, and fiber switching (see [RFC3945]). The Interface Switching Capability (ISC) concept is introduced for these switching technologies and is designated as follows: PSC (Packet Switch Capable), L2SC (Layer-2 Switch Capable), TDM (Time Division Multiplex capable), LSC (Lambda Switch Capable), and FSC (Fiber Switch Capable). The representation, in a GMPLS control plane, of a switching technology domain is referred to as a region [RFC4206]. A switching type describes the ability of a node to forward data of a particular data plane technology, and uniquely identifies a network region. A data plane switching layer describes a data plane switching granularity level. For example, LSC, TDM VC-11 and TDM VC-4-64c are three different layers. [MLN-REQ] defines a Multi Layer Network (MLN) to be a TE domain comprising multiple data plane switching layers either of the same ISC (e.g. TDM) or different ISC (e.g. TDM and PSC) and controlled by a single GMPLS control plane instance. [MLN-REQ] further define a particular case of MLNs. A Multi Region Network (MRN) is defined as a TE domain supporting at least two different switching types (e.g., PSC and TDM), either hosted on the same device or on different ones, and under the control of a single GMPLS control plane instance. The objectives of this document are to evaluate existing GMPLS mechanisms and protocols ([RFC 3945], [RFC4202], [RFC3471, [RFC3473]]) against the requirements for MLN and MRN, defined in [MLN-REQ]. From this evaluation, we identify several areas where additional protocol extensions and modifications are required to meet these requirements, and provide guidelines for potential extensions. A summary of MLN/MRN requirements is provided in section 2. Then section 3 evaluates for each of these requirements, whether current GMPLS protocols and mechanisms meet the requirements. When the requirements are not met by existing protocols, the document identifies whether the required mechanisms could rely on GMPLS protocols and procedure extensions or whether it is entirely out of the scope of GMPLS protocols. Note that this document specifically addresses GMPLS control plane functionality for MLN/MRN in the context of a single administrative control plane partition. Partitions of the control plane where separate layers are under distinct administrative control are for future study. This document uses terminologies defined in [RFC3945], [RFC4206], and [MLN-REQ]. Le Roux, et al. Evaluation of GMPLS against MLN/MRN Reqs [Page 3] Internet Draft draft-ietf-ccamp-gmpls-mln-eval-04.txt November 2007 2. MLN/MRN Requirements Overview Section 5 of [MLN-REQ] lists a set of functional requirements for Multi Layer/Region Networks (MLN/MRN). These requirements are summarized below, and a mapping with sub-sections of [MLN-REQ] is provided. Here is the list of requirements that apply to MLN (and thus to MRN): - Support for robust Virtual Network Topology (VNT) reconfiguration. This implies the following requirements: - Optimal control of Forwarding Adjacency LSP (FA-LSP) setup and release (section 5.8.1 of [MLN-REQ]); - Support for virtual TE-links (section 5.8.2 of [MLN- REQ]); - Traffic Disruption minimization during FA-LSP release (section 5.5 of [MLN-REQ]); - Stability (section 5.4 of [MLN-REQ]); - Support for FA-LSP attributes inheritance (section 5.6 of [MLN-REQ]); - Support for FA-LSP data plane connectivity verification (section 5.9 of [MLN-REQ]); Here is the list of requirements that apply to MRN only: - Support for Multi-Region signaling (section 5.7 of [MLN-REQ]); - Advertisement of the adjustment capacity (section 5.2 of [MLN-REQ]); 3. Analysis 3.1. Multi Layer Network Aspects 3.1.1. Support for Virtual Network Topology Reconfiguration A set of lower-layer FA-LSPs provides a Virtual Network Topology (VNT) to the upper-layer [MLN-REQ]. By reconfiguring the VNT (FA-LSP setup/release) according to traffic demands between source and destination node pairs within a layer, network performance factors such as maximum link utilization and residual capacity of the network can be optimized. Such optimal VNT reconfiguration implies several mechanisms that are analyzed in the following sections. Note that the VNT approach is just one possible approach to perform inter-layer Traffic Engineering. Le Roux, et al. Evaluation of GMPLS against MLN/MRN Reqs [Page 4] Internet Draft draft-ietf-ccamp-gmpls-mln-eval-04.txt November 2007 3.1.1.1. Control of FA-LSPs Setup/Release In a Multi-Layer Network, FA-LSPs are created, modified, released periodically according to the change of incoming traffic demands from the upper layer. This implies a TE mechanism that takes into account the demands matrix, the TE topology and potentially the current VNT, in order to compute and setup a new VNT. Several functional building blocks are required to support such TE mechanism: - Discovery of TE topology and available resources. - Collection of upper layer traffic demands. - Policing and scheduling of VNT resources with regard to traffic demands and usage (that is, decision to setup/release FA-LSPs); The functional component in charge of this function is called a VNT Manager (VNTM). - VNT Paths Computation according to TE topology, and potentially taking into account the old (existing) VNT to minimize changes. The Functional component in charge of VNT computation may be distributed on network elements or may be performed on an external tool (such as a Path Computation Element (PCE), [RFC4655]). - FA-LSP setup/release. GMPLS routing protocols provide TE topology discovery. GMPLS signaling protocols allow setting up/releasing FA-LSPs. VNTM functions (resources policing/scheduling, decision to setup/release FA-LSPs, FA-LSP configuration) are out of the scope of GMPLS protocols. Such functionalities can be achieved directly on layer border LSRs, or through one or more external tools. When an external tool is used, an interface is required between the VNTM and the network elements so as to setup/release FA-LSPs. This could use standard management interfaces such as [RFC4802]. The set of traffic demands of the upper layer is required for the VNT Manager to take decisions to setup/release FA-LSPs. Such traffic demands include satisfied demands, for which one or more upper layer LSP have been successfully setup, as well as unsatisfied demands and future demands, for which no upper layer LSP has been setup yet. The collection of such information is beyond the scope of GMPLS protocols. Note that it may be partially inferred from parameters carried in GMPLS signalling or advertised in GMPLS routing. Le Roux, et al. Evaluation of GMPLS against MLN/MRN Reqs [Page 5] Internet Draft draft-ietf-ccamp-gmpls-mln-eval-04.txt November 2007 Finally, the computation of FA-LSPs that form the VNT can be performed directly on layer border LSRs or on an external tool (such as a Path Computation Element (PCE), [RFC4655]), and this is independent of the location of the VNTM. Hence, to summarize, no GMPLS protocol extensions are required to control FA-LSP setup/release. 3.1.1.2. Virtual TE-Links A Virtual TE-link is a TE-link between two upper layer nodes that is not actually associated with a fully provisioned FA-LSP in a lower layer. A Virtual TE-link represents the potentiality to setup an FA- LSP in the lower layer to support the TE-link that has been advertised. A Virtual TE-link is advertised as any TE-link, following the rules in [RFC4206] defined for fully provisioned TE-links. In particular, the flooding scope of a Virtual TE-link is within an IGP area, as is the case for any TE-link. If an upper-layer LSP attempts (through a signalling message) to make use of a Virtual TE-link, the underlying FA-LSP is immediately signalled and provisioned (provided there are available resources in the lower layer) in the process known as triggered signaling. The use of Virtual TE-links has two main advantages: - Flexibility: allows the computation of an LSP path using TE-links without needing to take into account the actual provisioning status of the corresponding FA-LSP in the lower layer; - Stability: allows stability of TE-links in the upper layer, while avoiding wastage of bandwidth in the lower layer, as data plane connections are not established until they are actually needed. Virtual TE-links are setup/deleted/modified dynamically, according to the change of the (forecast) traffic demand, operator's policies for capacity utilization, and the available resources in the lower layer. The support of Virtual TE-links requires two main building blocks: - A TE mechanism for dynamic modification of Virtual TE-link Topology; - A signaling mechanism for the dynamic setup and deletion of virtual TE-links. Setting up a virtual TE-link requires a signaling mechanism allowing an end-to-end association between Virtual TE-link end points so as to exchange link identifiers as well as some TE parameters. The TE mechanism responsible for triggering/policing dynamic modification of Virtual TE-links is out of the scope of GMPLS protocols. Le Roux, et al. Evaluation of GMPLS against MLN/MRN Reqs [Page 6] Internet Draft draft-ietf-ccamp-gmpls-mln-eval-04.txt November 2007 Current GMPLS signalling does not allow setting up and releasing Virtual TE-links. Hence GMPLS signalling must be extended to support Virtual TE-links. We can distinguish two options for setting up Virtual TE-links: - The Soft FA approach that consists of setting up the FA-LSP in the control plane without actually activating cross connections in the data plane. On the one hand, this requires state maintenance on all transit LSRs (N square issue), but on the other hand this may allow for some admission control. Indeed, when a soft-FA is activated, the resources may be no longer available for use by other soft-FAs that have common links. These soft-FA will be dynamically released and corresponding virtual TE-links are deleted. The soft-FA LSPs may be setup using procedures similar to those described in [RFC4872] for setting up secondary LSPs. - The remote association approach that simply consists of exchanging virtual TE-links IDs and parameters directly between TE-link end points. This does not require state maintenance on transit LSRs, but reduces admission control capabilities. Such an association between Virtual TE-link end-points may rely on extensions to the RSVP-TE ASON Call procedure ([RSVP-CALL]). Note that the support of Virtual TE-links does not require any GMPLS routing extension. 3.1.1.3. Traffic Disruption Minimization During FA Release Before deleting a given FA-LSP, all nested LSPs have to be rerouted and removed from the FA-LSP to avoid traffic disruption. The mechanisms required here are similar to those required for graceful deletion of a TE-Link. A Graceful TE-link deletion mechanism allows for the deletion of a TE-link without disrupting traffic of TE-LSPs that were using the TE-link. Hence, GMPLS routing and/or signaling extensions are required to support graceful deletion of TE-links. This may utilize the procedures described in [GR-SHUT]: A transit LSR notifies a head-end LSR that a TE-link along the path of a LSP is going to be torn down, and also withdraws the bandwidth on the TE-link so that it is not used for new LSPs. 3.1.1.4. Stability The stability of upper-layer LSP may be impaired if the VNT undergoes frequent changes. In this context robustness of the VNT is defined as the capability to smooth the impact of these changes and avoid their subsequent propagation. Le Roux, et al. Evaluation of GMPLS against MLN/MRN Reqs [Page 7] Internet Draft draft-ietf-ccamp-gmpls-mln-eval-04.txt November 2007 Guaranteeing VNT stability is out of the scope of GMPLS protocols and relies entirely on the capability of the TE and VNT management algorithms to minimize routing perturbations. This requires that the algorithms takes into account the old VNT when computing a new VNT, and try to minimize the perturbation. Note that a full mesh of lower-layer LSPs may be created between every pair of border nodes between the upper and lower layers. The merit of a full mesh of lower-layer LSPs is that it provides stability to the upper layer routing. That is, forwarding table used in the upper layer is not impacted if the VNT undergoes changes. Further, there is always full reachability and immediate access to bandwidth to support LSPs in the upper layer. But it also has significant drawbacks, since it requires the maintenance of n^2 RSVP- TE sessions, which may be quite CPU and memory consuming (scalability impact). Also this may lead to significant bandwidth wastage. Note that the use of virtual TE-links solves the bandwidth wastage issue, and may reduce the control plane overload. 3.1.2. Support for FA-LSP Attributes Inheritance When a FA TE Link is advertised, its parameters are inherited from the parameters of the FA-LSP, and specific inheritance rules are applied. This relies on local procedures and policies and is out of the scope of GMPLS protocols. Note that this requires that both head-end and tail-end of the FA-LSP are driven by same policies. 3.1.3. FA-LSP Connectivity Verification Once fully provisioned, FA-LSP liveliness may be achieved by verifying its data plane connectivity. FA-LSP connectivity verification relies on technology specific mechanisms (e.g., for SDH using G.707 and G.783; for MPLS using BFD; etc.) as for any other LSP. Hence this requirement is out of the scope of GMPLS protocols. 3.2. Specific Aspects for Multi-Region Networks 3.2.1. Support for Multi-Region Signaling There are actually several cases where a transit node could choose between multiple SCs to be used for a lower region FA-LSP: - ERO expansion with loose hops: The transit node has to expand the path, and may have to select among a set of lower region SCs. - Multi-SC TE link: When the ERO of a FA LSP, included in the ERO of Le Roux, et al. Evaluation of GMPLS against MLN/MRN Reqs [Page 8] Internet Draft draft-ietf-ccamp-gmpls-mln-eval-04.txt November 2007 an upper region LSP, comprises a multi-SC TE-link, the region border node has to select among these SCs. Existing GMPLS signalling procedures do not allow solving this ambiguous choice of SC that may be used along a given path. Hence an extension to GMPLS signalling has to be defined to indicate the SC(s) that can be used and the SC(s) that cannot be used along the path. 3.2.2. Advertisement of Adjustment Capacities In the MRN context, nodes supporting more than one switching capability on at least one interface are called Hybrid nodes ([MLN- REQ]). Conceptually, hybrid nodes can be viewed as containing at least two distinct switching elements interconnected by internal links which provide adjustment between the supported switching capabilities. These internal links have finite capacities and must be taken into account when computing the path of a multi-region TE-LSP. The advertisement of the adjustment capacities is required as it provides critical information when performing multi-region path computation. The term adjustment capacity refers to the property of a hybrid node to interconnect different switching capabilities it provides though its external interfaces [MLN-REQ]. This information allows path computation to select an end-to-end multi-region path that includes links of different switching capabilities that are joined by LSRs that can adapt the signal between the links. Figure 1a below shows an example of hybrid node. The hybrid node has two switching elements (matrices), which support here TDM and PSC switching respectively. The node has two PSC and TDM ports (port1 and port2 respectively). It also has internal link connecting the two switching elements. The two switching elements are internally interconnected in such a way that it is possible to terminate some of the resources of the TDM port 2 and provide through them adjustment for PSC traffic, received/sent over the internal PSC interface (#b). Two ways are possible to set up PSC LSPs (port 1 or port 2). Available resources advertisement e.g. Unreserved and Min/Max LSP Bandwidth should cover both ways. Le Roux, et al. Evaluation of GMPLS against MLN/MRN Reqs [Page 9] Internet Draft draft-ietf-ccamp-gmpls-mln-eval-04.txt November 2007 Network element ............................. : -------- : PSC : | PSC | : Port1-------------<->---|#a | : : +--<->---|#b | : : | -------- : : | ---------- : TDM : +--<->--|#c TDM | : Port2 ------------<->--|#d | : : ---------- : :............................ Figure 1a. Hybrid node. Port 1 and Port 2 can be grouped together thanks to internal DWDM, to result in a single interface: Link 1. This is illustrated in figure 1b below. Network element ............................. : -------- : : | PSC | : : | | : : --|#a | : : | | #b | : : | -------- : : | | : : | ---------- : : /| | | #c | : : | |-- | | : Link1 ========| | | TDM | : : | |----|#d | : : \| ---------- : :............................ Figure 1b. Hybrid node. Let's assume that all interfaces are STM16 (with VC4-16c capable as Max LSP bandwidth). After, setting up several PSC LSPs via port #a and setting up and terminating several TDM LSPs via port #d and port #b, there is only 155 Mb capacities still available on port #b. However a 622 Mb capacity remains on port #a and VC4-5c capacity on port #d. When computing the path for a new VC4-4c TDM LSP, one must know, that this node cannot terminate this LSP, as there is only 155Mb still available for TDM-PSC adjustment. Hence the TDM-PSC adjustment capacity must be advertised. Le Roux, et al. Evaluation of GMPLS against MLN/MRN Reqs [Page 10] Internet Draft draft-ietf-ccamp-gmpls-mln-eval-04.txt November 2007 With current GMPLS routing [RFC4202] this advertisement is possible if link bundling is not used and if two TE-links are advertised for link1: We would have the following TE-link advertisements: TE-link 1 (port 1): - ISCD sub-TLV: PSC with Max LSP bandwidth = 622Mb - Unreserved bandwidth = 622Mb. TE-Link 2 (port 2): - ISCD #1 sub-TLV: TDM with Max LSP bandwidth = VC4-4c, - ISCD #2 sub-TLV: PSC with Max LSP bandwidth = 155 Mb, - Unreserved bandwidth (equivalent): 777 Mb. The ISCD 2 in TE-link 2 represents actually the TDM-PSC adjustment capacity. However if for obvious scalability reasons link bundling is done then the adjustment capacity information is lost with current GMPLS routing, as we have the following TE-link advertisement: TE-link 1 (port 1 + port 2): - ISCD #1 sub-TLV: TDM with Max LSP bandwidth = VC4-4c, - ISCD #2 sub-TLV: PSC with Max LSP bandwidth = 622 Mb, - Unreserved bandwidth (equivalent): 1399 Mb. With such TE-link advertisement an element computing the path of a VC4-4c LSP cannot know that this LSP cannot be terminated on the node. Thus current GMPLS routing can support the advertisement of the adjustment capacities but this precludes performing link bundling and thus faces significant scalability limitations. Hence, GMPLS routing must be extended to meet this requirement. This could rely on the advertisement of the adjustment capacities as a new TE link attribute (that would complement the Interface Switching Capability Descriptor TE-link attribute). Note: Multiple ISCDs MAY be associated to a single switching capability. This can be performed to provide e.g. for TDM interfaces the Min/Max LSP Bandwidth associated to each (set of) layer for that switching capability. As an example, an interface associated to TDM switching capability and supporting VC-12 and VC-4 switching, can be associated one ISCD sub-TLV or two ISCD sub-TLVs. In the first case, the Min LSP Bandwidth is set to VC-12 and the Max LSP Bandwidth to VC-4. In the second case, the Min LSP Bandwidth is set to VC-12 and the Max LSP Bandwidth to VC-12, in the first ISCD sub-TLV; and the Min LSP Bandwidth is set to VC-4 and the Max LSP Bandwidth to VC-4, in the second ISCD sub-TLV. Hence, in the first case, as long as the Le Roux, et al. Evaluation of GMPLS against MLN/MRN Reqs [Page 11] Internet Draft draft-ietf-ccamp-gmpls-mln-eval-04.txt November 2007 Min LSP Bandwidth is set to VC-12 (and not VC-4) and in the second case, as long as the first ISCD sub-TLV is advertised there is sufficient capacity across that interface to setup a VC-12 LSP. 4. Evaluation Conclusion Most of the required MLN/MRN functions will rely on mechanisms and procedures that are out of the scope of the GMPLS protocols, and thus do not require any GMPLS protocol extensions. They will rely on local procedures and policies, and on specific TE mechanisms and algorithms. As regards Virtual Network Topology (VNT) computation and reconfiguration, specific TE mechanisms need to be defined, but these mechanisms are out of the scope of GMPLS protocols. Four areas for extensions of GMPLS protocols and procedures have been identified: - GMPLS signaling extension for the setup/deletion of the virtual TE-links; - GMPLS routing and signaling extension for graceful TE-link deletion; - GMPLS signaling extension for constrained multi-region signalling (SC inclusion/exclusion); - GMPLS routing extension for the advertisement of the adjustment capacities of hybrid nodes. 5. Security Considerations [MLN-REQ] sets out the security requirements for operating a MLN or MRN. These requirements are, in general, no different from the security requirements for operating any GMPLS network. As such, the GMPLS protocols already provide adequate security features. An evaluation of the security features for GMPLS networks may be found in [MPLS-SEC], and where issues or further work is identified by that document, new security features or procedures for the GMPLS protocols will need to be developed. [MLN-REQ] also identifies that where the separate layers of a MLN/MRN network are operated as different administrative domains, additional security considerations may be given to the mechanisms for allowing inter-layer LSP setup. However, this document is explicitly limited to the case where all layers under GMPLS control are part of the same administrative domain. Le Roux, et al. Evaluation of GMPLS against MLN/MRN Reqs [Page 12] Internet Draft draft-ietf-ccamp-gmpls-mln-eval-04.txt November 2007 Lastly, as noted in [MLN-REQ], it is expected that solution documents will include a full analysis of the security issues that any protocol extensions introduce. 6. Acknowledgments We would like to thank Julien Meuric, Igor Bryskin and Adrian Farrel for their useful comments. Thanks also to Question 14 of Study Group 15 of the ITU-T for their thoughtful review. 7. References 7.1. Normative [RFC3979] Bradner, S., "Intellectual Property Rights in IETF Technology", BCP 79, RFC 3979, March 2005. [RFC3945] Mannie, E., et. al. "Generalized Multi-Protocol Label Switching Architecture", RFC 3945, October 2004 [RFC4202] Kompella, K., Ed. and Y. Rekhter, Ed., "Routing Extensions in Support of Generalized Multi-Protocol Label Switching", draft-ietf-ccamp-gmpls-routing, RFC4202, October 2005. [RFC3471] Berger, L., et. al. "Generalized Multi-Protocol Label Switching (GMPLS) Signaling Functional Description", RFC 3471, January 2003. 7.2. Informative [RSVP-CALL] Papadimitriou, D., Farrel, A., et. al., "Generalized MPLS (GMPLS) RSVP-TE Signaling Extensions in support of Calls", draft-ietf-ccamp-gmpls-rsvp-te-call, work in progress. [MLN-REQ] Shiomoto, K., Papadimitriou, D., Le Roux, J.L., Vigoureux, M., Brungard, D., "Requirements for GMPLS- based multi-region and multi-layer networks", draft- ietf-ccamp-gmpls-mrn-reqs, work in progess. [RFC4206] K. Kompella and Y. Rekhter, "LSP hierarchy with generalized MPLS TE", draft-ietf-mpls-lsp-hierarchy, RFC4206, October 2005. Le Roux, et al. Evaluation of GMPLS against MLN/MRN Reqs [Page 13] Internet Draft draft-ietf-ccamp-gmpls-mln-eval-04.txt November 2007 [GR-SHUT] Ali, Z., Zamfir, A., "Graceful Shutdown in MPLS Traffic Engineering Network", draft-ietf-ccamp-mpls-graceful- shutdown, work in progress. [RFC4872] Lang, Rekhter, Papadimitriou, "RSVP-TE Extensions in support of End-to-End Generalized Multi-Protocol Label Switching (GMPLS)-based Recovery", RFC4872, May 2007. [VNTM] Oki, Le Roux, Farrel, "Definition of Virtual Network Topology Manager (VNTM) for PCE-based Inter-Layer MPLS and GMPLS Traffic Engineering", draft-oki-pce-vntm-def, work in progress. [IW-MIG-FMWK]Shiomoto, K et al., "Framework for IP/MPLS-GMPLS interworking in support of IP/MPLS to GMPLS migration", draft-ietf-ccamp-mpls-gmpls-interwork-fmwk, work in progress. [RFC3473] Berger, L., et al. "GMPLS Singlaling RSVP-TE extensions", RFC3473, January 2003. [RFC4655] Farrel, A., Vasseur, J.-P., Ash,J., "A PCE based Architecture", RFC4655, August 2006. [RFC4802] Nadeau, T., Farrel, A., "GMPLS TE MIB", RFC4802, February 2007. [MPLS-SEC] Fang, et al. "Security Framework for MPLS and GMPLS Networks draft-fang-mpls-gmpls-security-framework, work in progress. 8. Editors' Addresses: Jean-Louis Le Roux France Telecom 2, avenue Pierre-Marzin 22307 Lannion Cedex, France Email: jeanlouis.leroux@orange-ftgroup.com Dimitri Papadimitriou Alcatel-Lucent Francis Wellensplein 1, B-2018 Antwerpen, Belgium Email: dimitri.papadimitriou@alcatel-lucent.be 9. Contributors' Addresses: Deborah Brungard AT&T Rm. D1-3C22 - 200 S. Laurel Ave. Middletown, NJ, 07748 USA E-mail: dbrungard@att.com Le Roux, et al. Evaluation of GMPLS against MLN/MRN Reqs [Page 14] Internet Draft draft-ietf-ccamp-gmpls-mln-eval-04.txt November 2007 Eiji Oki NTT 3-9-11 Midori-Cho Musashino, Tokyo 180-8585, Japan Email: oki.eiji@lab.ntt.co.jp Kohei Shiomoto NTT 3-9-11 Midori-Cho Musashino, Tokyo 180-8585, Japan Email: shiomoto.kohei@lab.ntt.co.jp M. Vigoureux Alcatel-Lucent France Route de Villejust 91620 Nozay FRANCE Email: martin.vigoureux@alcatel-lucent.fr 10. Intellectual Property Statement The IETF takes no position regarding the validity or scope of any Intellectual Property Rights or other rights that might be claimed to pertain to the implementation or use of the technology described in this document or the extent to which any license under such rights might or might not be available; nor does it represent that it has made any independent effort to identify any such rights. Information on the procedures with respect to rights in RFC documents can be found in BCP 78 and BCP 79. Copies of IPR disclosures made to the IETF Secretariat and any assurances of licenses to be made available, or the result of an attempt made to obtain a general license or permission for the use of such proprietary rights by implementers or users of this specification can be obtained from the IETF on-line IPR repository at http://www.ietf.org/ipr. The IETF invites any interested party to bring to its attention any copyrights, patents or patent applications, or other proprietary rights that may cover technology that may be required to implement this standard. Disclaimer of Validity This document and the information contained herein are provided on an "AS IS" basis and THE CONTRIBUTOR, THE ORGANIZATION HE/SHE REPRESENTS OR IS SPONSORED BY (IF ANY), THE INTERNET SOCIETY, THE IETF TRUST AND THE INTERNET ENGINEERING TASK FORCE DISCLAIM ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY WARRANTY THAT THE USE OF THE INFORMATION HEREIN WILL NOT INFRINGE Le Roux, et al. Evaluation of GMPLS against MLN/MRN Reqs [Page 15] Internet Draft draft-ietf-ccamp-gmpls-mln-eval-04.txt November 2007 ANY RIGHTS OR ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. Copyright Statement Copyright (C) The IETF Trust (2007). This document is subject to the rights, licenses and restrictions contained in BCP 78, and except as set forth therein, the authors retain all their rights. Le Roux, et al. Evaluation of GMPLS against MLN/MRN Reqs [Page 16]