Internet Draft Harsha Hegde
Expiration: August 2001 Intel Corp.
Brad Stone
Resonate, Inc.
Load Balancing Policy Information Base
draft-hegde-load-balancing-pib-00.txt
February 2001
Status of this Memo
This document is an Internet-Draft and is in full conformance with
all provisions of Section 10 of RFC2026.
Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering
Task Force (IETF), its areas, and its working groups. Note that
other groups may also distribute working documents as Internet-
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Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six
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reference material or to cite them other than as "work in progress."
The list of current Internet-Drafts can be accessed at
http://www.ietf.org/ietf/1id-abstracts.txt
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Conventions used in this document
The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
"SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in
this document are to be interpreted as described in [RFC-2119].
Abstract
This document specifies a set of provisioning classes (PRC) for
configuring load balancing at load balancing devices. Instances of
these classes reside in a virtual information store called Load
Balancing Policy Information Base (PIB). COPS protocol [COPS] with
the extensions for provisioning [COPS-PR] may be used to transmit
this load balancing policy information to load balancing devices
(e.g., dedicated load balancers or load balancing switch).The PRCs
defined in this load balancing PIB are intended for use by the COPS-
PR load balancing client type. They complement the PRCs defined in
the Framework PIB [FR-PIB].
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Table of Contents
Status of this Memo................................................1
Conventions used in this document..................................1
Abstract...........................................................1
1. Introduction....................................................3
2. Operation Overview..............................................3
3. Structure of Load Balancing PIB.................................4
3.1. Classifier Classes............................................4
3.2. Capabilities Classes..........................................4
3.3. Server Classes................................................4
3.4. Service Classes...............................................4
4. The Load Balancing PIB..........................................5
5. Security Considerations........................................15
6. Intellectual Property Considerations...........................16
7. Authors' Addresses.............................................16
8. References.....................................................16
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1. Introduction
Load Balancing is widely used to balance Internet traffic to and
from multiple servers at e-business data centers. Load balancers
could be dedicated devices just performing load balancing or the
load balancing functionality could be built into switches. Today,
load balancers from various vendors use proprietary methods to
manage these devices. It is becoming difficult manage various
devices found in an e-business data center since there is no
standard way to manage them. Policy Based Management (PBM), as
specified in [RAP-FRAMEWORK], is a good solution to manage load
balancers and many other devices usually found in e-business data
centers.
In PBM, using the configuration model, a Policy Decision Point (PDP)
downloads policies to Policy Enforcement Points (PEPs) whenever
required. One way to provision policy is by means of the COPS
protocol [COPS] with the extensions for provisioning [COPS-PR]. Load
balancers act as PEPs and a PDP can provision the required policies
to these devices.
This document specifies the format of policy information required
for load balancing in the form of PIB. The PIB contained in this
draft is written using SPPI (Structure of Policy Provisioning
Information) as specified in [SPPI]. It will be updated as SPPI
updates. This PIB specifies PRovisioning Classes (PRCs) for
configuring a load balancer.
The PRCs defined in this load balancing PIB are intended for use by
the COPS-PR load balancing client type. Furthermore, these PRCs are
in addition the PRCs defined in the Framework PIB [FR-PIB].
2. Operation Overview
A brief description of interaction between PEP (load balancing
device) and PDP (policy server) is given in the next paragraph. For
a more detailed description of protocol exchange between PDP and
provisioning PEPs, please see [COPS-PR].
Once TCP connection is established between the PEP and the PDP, the
PEP sends a Client-Open message to the PDP, specifying load
balancing client type. The PDP responds with a Client-Accept (CAT)
message. The PDP may send a Client-Close message, if it does not
recognize the load balancing client type. After receiving CAT
message, the PEP sends a request (REQ) message to the PDP. The REQ
message contains æconfiguration requestÆ context object and relevant
PIB class instances that include the PEPÆs capabilities, supported
PIB classes etc. The PDP then sends a Decision (DEC) message that
includes all the PIB classes that are used to configure the PEP.
They include filter groups, server groups, capabilities and service
classes that connect filter groups, server groups and capabilities.
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The PEP uses the information in the DEC message and configures
accordingly. The PEP then sends a Report-State (RPT) message to the
PDP indicating success or failure to install the policies. The PEP
may also send periodic RPT messages to inform about status of
installed policies or to convey accounting/monitoring type
information to the PDP. The PEP may issue updated REQ message if
there is any change in its status and the PDP may send updated DEC
message whenever necessary. The PEP can delete a request by sending
Delete-Request (DRQ) message to the PDP. The PDP may also ask the
PEP to delete an existing request state by sending a command via DEC
message. Finally, Client-Close (CC) message is used to cancel the
corresponding Client-Open message.
3. Structure of Load Balancing PIB
The Load Balancing PIB consists of four main groups of PRCs. The
first group contains PRCs for classification of incoming packets.
The second group contains PRCs for load balancing capabilities or
properties. The third group contains PRCs for data center servers
and groups of servers. The fourth group contains PRCs for services
that essentially tie instances of the first three groups together.
3.1. Classifier Classes
This group contains a PRC for extending the IP filter defined in
[FR-PIB] and a PRC for grouping of filters. A URL attribute is
defined by a set of three attributes that form the extended filter
used in the PIB.
3.2. Capabilities Classes
This group contains a PRC that includes all the capabilities of a
load balancer. This PRC is used both for notifying capabilities by
PEP and for installing policies by PDP.
3.3. Server Classes
This group contains a PRC for specifying a data center server and a
PRC for grouping of these servers.
3.4. Service Classes
This group contains a PRC that defines a service by combining
instances of the other three classes mentioned above. Each instance
of this PRC contains a pointer to a filter-group instance, a pointer
to a capabilities instance and a pointer to a server-group instance,
thus defining a complete policy.
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4. The Load Balancing PIB
LOAD-BALANCING-PIB PIB-DEFINITIONS ::= BEGIN
IMPORTS
MODULE-IDENTITY, OBJECT-TYPE,
TEXTUAL-CONVENTION, MODULE-COMPLIANCE,
OBJECT-IDENTITY, OBJECT-GROUP
FROM COPS-PR-SPPI
TruthValue
FROM SNMPv2-TC
InstanceId, ReferenceId,
TagId, TagReference
FROM COPS-PR-SPPI-TC
SnmpAdminString
FROM SNMP-FRAMEWORK-MIB
InetAddress, InetAddressType
FROM INET-ADDRESS-MIB
lbPolicyPib MODULE-IDENTITY
SUBJECT-CATEGORIES SUBJECT-CATEGORY { tbd û Load Balancing Client
Type }
LAST-UPDATED "200102231000Z"
ORGANIZATION " WG"
CONTACT-INFO ö
Harsha Hegde
Intel Corporation
MS JF3-206
2111 NE 25th Ave.
Hillsboro, OR 97124
Phone: +1 503 264 1439
Fax: +1 503 264 3483
E-Mail: shriharsha.hegde@intel.com
Brad Stone
Resonate, Inc.
385 Moffett Park Drive
Sunnyvale, CA 94089
Phone: +1 408 548 5929
Fax: +1 408 nnn nnnn
Email: bstone@resonate.com
ô
DESCRIPTION
"This PIB module contains a set of provisioning classes
that describe load balancing policies."
::= { tbd }
--
-- Classifier Classes
--
lbClassifierClasses OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { lbPolicyPib 1 }
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--
-- Filter Table
--
lbFilterTable OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX SEQUENCE OF LbFilterEntry
PIB-ACCESS install
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"This table consists of additional filters. The filters in
this table extend the filters in frwkBaseFilterTable. A
packet must match all the fields in a filter. Wildcards may
be specified for those fields that are not relevant."
::= { lbClassifierClasses 1 }
lbFilterEntry OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX LbFilterEntry
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"An instance of this class describes a filter. "
EXTENDS { frwkIpFilterEntry }
::= { lbFilterTable 1 }
LbFilterEntry ::= SEQUENCE {
lbFilterUrlPrefix OCTET_STRING,
lbFilterUrlDomain OCTET_STRING,
lbFilterUrlSuffix OCTET_STRING }
lbFilterUrlPrefix OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX OCTET STRING
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The portion of an URL that identifies the protocol. for
example, http,ftp. A æ*Æ character is used to match any
string."
::= { lbFilterEntry 1 }
lbFilterUrDomain OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX OCTET STRING
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The portion of an URL that identifies the domain. for
example, www.company.com. A æ*Æ character is used to match
any string."
::= { lbFilterEntry 2 }
lbFilterUrlSuffix OBJECT-TYPE
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SYNTAX OCTET STRING
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"The portion of an URL that identifies the file name. for
example, index.html, mypic.jpg. A æ*.*Æ string matches any
file, a æ*.jpgÆ string matches all files with jpg extension,
and a æindex.*Æ matches all æindexÆ files with any
extension."
::= { lbFilterEntry 3 }
--
-- Filter Group Table
--
lbFilterGroupTable OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX SEQUENCE OF LbFilterGroupEntry
PIB-ACCESS install
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"A class that defines Filter Groups. Each Group being an
ordered list of filters. Each instance of this class
identifies one filter of a group and the precedence order of
that filter with respect to other filters in the same
group."
::= { lbClassifierClasses 2 }
lbFilterGroupEntry OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX LbFilterGroupEntry
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"An instance of filter group."
PIB-INDEX { lbFilterGroupPrid }
::= { lbFilterGroupTable 1 }
LbFilterGroupEntry ::= SEQUENCE {
lbFilterGroupPrid InstanceId,
lbFilterGroupId TagId,
lbFilterGroupFilterId ReferenceId,
lbFilterGroupPriority Unsigned32 }
lbFilterGroupPrid OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX InstanceId
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"An integer index that uniquely identifies an instance of
the lbFilterGroupEntry class."
::= { lbFilterGroupEntry 1 }
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lbFilterGroupId OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX TagId
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"An arbitrary integer that identifies the group of filters.
The same lbFilterGroupId is used in all lbFilterGroupEntry
instances that belong to a group."
::= { lbFilterGroupEntry 2 }
lbFilterGroupFilterId OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX ReferenceId
PIB-REFERENCES { lbFilterEntry }
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"Pointer to an instance of filter. The filter with the same
Id must be present."
::= { lbFilterGroupEntry 3 }
lbFilterGroupPriority OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Unsigned32
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"An arbitrary integer index that specifies the position of
this filter in the filter group. A filter with a given
priority order is positioned in the filter group before one
with a higher-value priority. Priority values within a group
must be unique."
::= { lbFilterGroupEntry 4 }
--
-- Capabilities Classes
--
lbCapabilitiesClasses OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { lbPolicyPib 2 }
--
-- Capabilities Table
--
lbCapabilitiesTable OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX SEQUENCE OF LbCapabilitiesEntry
PIB-ACCESS install-notify
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"This table consists of load balancer capabilities.
Instances of this class are used by the PEP to notify PEP
capabilities and by the PDP to install policies. The PDP
must not install a capability not reported by the PEP "
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::= { lbCapabilitiesClasses 1 }
lbCapabilitiesEntry OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX LbCapabilitiesEntry
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"An instance of this class describes a set of capabilities
of the load balancer or the capabilities applied to a
service policy."
::= { lbCapabilitiesTable 1 }
LbCapabilitiesEntry ::= SEQUENCE {
lbCapPrid InstanceId,
lbCapStickyMode BITS,
lbCapHttpReturnCodes BITS,
lbCapBalanceAlgorithm BITS,
lbCapAlgorithmParams Prid,
lbCapPreserveSrcAddr TruthValue,
lbCapDirectReturn TruthValue }
lbCapPrid OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX InstanceId
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"An integer index that uniquely identifies an instance of
the lbCapabilitiesEntry class."
::= { lbCapabilitiesEntry 1 }
lbCapStickyMode OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX BITS {
cookieBased (1),
sourceAddressBased (2) }
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"Set of values indicating the type of Sticky Mode in this
capabilities set. When PEP notifies PDP, the bits indicate
the support of these mechanisms. When PDP installs policies,
the bits indicate what mechanism must be used."
::= { lbCapabilitiesEntry 2 }
lbCapReturnCodes OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX BITS {
http404(1),
http505(2) }
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"Set of values indicating the type of HTTP return codes that
the load balancer can interpret and redirect the request to
another server. When PEP notifies PDP, the bits indicate
the ability to interpret the HTTP return codes. When PDP
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installs policies, the bits indicate enabling redirection on
any of those HTTP return codes."
::= { lbCapabilitiesEntry 3 }
lbCapBalanceAlgorithm OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX BITS {
roundRobin(1),
weightedRoundRobin(2),
leastConnections(3),
weightedLeastConnections(4),
fastestServerResponse(5),
serverCpuUtilizaiton(6),
priorityToUser(7) }
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"Set of values indicating the type of server balance
algorithm. When PEP notifies PDP, the bits indicate all the
algorithms supported. When PDP installs policies the bits
indicate only one algorithm that must be used. Additional
parameters needed for the algorithm may be specified in
another PRC instance identified by the lbCapAlgorithmParams
attribute."
::= { lbCapabilitiesEntry 4 }
lbCapAlgorithmParams OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Prid
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"This points to PRI that contains parameters needed for a
specific algorithm. The PRI pointed to must exist prior to
the installation of this class.
TBD: define parameters classes for all existing algorithms.ö
::= { lbCapabilitiesEntry 5 }
lbCapPreserveSrcAddr OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX TruthValue
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"Indicates whether Source Address must be preserved when
forwarding a request to server.ö
::= { lbCapabilitiesEntry 6 }
lbCapDirectReturn OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX TruthValue
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"Indicates whether a response from data center server could
go directly to client bypassing the load balancer.ö
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::= { lbCapabilitiesEntry 7 }
--
-- Server Classes
--
lbServerClasses OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { lbPolicyPib 3 }
--
-- Server Table
--
lbServerTable OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX SEQUENCE OF LbServerEntry
PIB-ACCESS install
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"This table consists of data center servers."
::= { lbCapabilitiesClasses 1 }
lbServerEntry OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX LbServerEntry
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"An instance of this class describes a data center server."
PIB-INDEX { lbServerPrid }
::= { lbServerTable 1 }
LbServerEntry ::= SEQUENCE {
lbServerPrid InstanceId,
lbServerName SnmpAdminString,
lbServerAddressType InetAddressType,
lbServerAddress InetAddress,
lbServerMode INTEGER }
lbServerPrid OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX InstanceId
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"An integer index that uniquely identifies an instance of
the lbServerEntry class."
::= { lbServerEntry 1 }
lbServerName OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX SnmpAdminString
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
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"A name for server."
::= { lbServerEntry 2 }
lbServerAddressType OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX InetAddressType
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"Type of address for server."
::= { lbServerEntry 3 }
lbServerAddress OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX InetAddress
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"Address (IP address or DNS Name) for server."
::= { lbServerEntry 4 }
lbServerMode OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX INTEGER {
Disabled(0),
Primary(1),
Backup(2) }
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"Indicates the mode of the server. Enumeration values are
primary server (1)
backup server (2)
disabled (0)."
::= { lbServerEntry 5 }
--
-- Server Group Table
--
lbServerGroupTable OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX SEQUENCE OF LbServerGroupEntry
PIB-ACCESS install
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"A class that defines Server Groups. Each Group being an
ordered list of data center servers. Each instance of this
class identifies one server of a group and the precedence
order of that server with respect to other servers in the
same group."
::= { lbServerClasses 2 }
lbServerGroupEntry OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX LbServerGroupEntry
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STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"An instance of server group."
PIB-INDEX { lbServerGroupPrid }
::= { lbServerGroupTable 1 }
LbServerGroupEntry ::= SEQUENCE {
lbServerGroupPrid InstanceId,
lbServerGroupId TagId,
lbServerGroupServerId ReferenceId,
lbServerGroupPriority Unsigned32 }
lbServerGroupPrid OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX InstanceId
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"An integer index that uniquely identifies an instance of
the lbServerGroupEntry class."
::= { lbServerGroupEntry 1 }
lbServerGroupId OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX TagId
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"An arbitrary integer that identifies the group of servers.
The same lbServerGroupId is used in all lbServerGroupEntry
instances that belong to a group."
::= { lbServerGroupEntry 2 }
lbServerGroupServerId OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX ReferenceId
PIB-REFERENCES { lbServerEntry }
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"Pointer to an instance of server. The server with the same
Id must be present."
::= { lbServerGroupEntry 3 }
lbServerGroupPriority OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX Unsigned32
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"An arbitrary integer index that specifies the position of
this server in the server group. A server with a given
priority order is positioned in the server group before one
with a higher-value priority. Priority values within a group
must be unique."
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::= { lbServerGroupEntry 4 }
--
-- Service Classes
--
lbServiceClasses OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { lbPolicyPib 4 }
--
-- Service Table
--
lbServiceTable OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX SEQUENCE OF LbServiceEntry
PIB-ACCESS install
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"This table consists of entries that combine filter groups,
capabilities and server groups to form services."
::= { lbServiceClasses 1 }
lbServiceEntry OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX LbServiceEntry
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"An instance of this class describes a service."
PIB-INDEX { lbServicePrid }
::= { lbServiceTable 1 }
LbServiceEntry ::= SEQUENCE {
lbServicePrid InstanceId,
lbServiceName SnmpAdminString,
lbServiceFilterGroupId TagReference,
lbServiceServerGroupId TagReference,
lbServiceCapabilitiesId ReferenceId }
lbServicePrid OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX InstanceId
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"An integer index that uniquely identifies an instance of
the lbServiceEntry class."
::= { lbServiceEntry 1 }
lbServiceName OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX SnmpAdminString
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
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"Name to identify a service."
::= { lbServiceEntry 2 }
lbServiceFilterGroupId OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX TagReference
PIB-TAG { lbFilterGroupId }
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"Pointer to a group of Filters. An instance of
lbFilterGroupEntry with the same tag id must be present."
::= { lbServiceEntry 3 }
lbServiceServerGroupId OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX TagReference
PIB-TAG { lbServerGroupId }
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"Pointer to a group of Servers. An instance of
lbServerGroupEntry with the same tag id must be present."
::= { lbServiceEntry 4 }
lbServiceCapabilitiesId OBJECT-TYPE
SYNTAX ReferenceId
PIB-REFERENCES { lbCapabilitiesEntry }
STATUS current
DESCRIPTION
"Pointer to an instance of capabilities class. An instance
of lbCapabilitiesEntry with the same tag id must be
present."
::= { lbServiceEntry 5 }
-- Compliance section
-- TBD
5. Security Considerations
The information contained in a PIB when transported by the COPS
protocol [COPS-PR] may be sensitive, and its function of provisioning
a PEP requires that only authorized communication take place. The
use of IPSEC between PDP and PEP, as described in [COPS], provides
the necessary protection against these threats. For a more detailed
description of security considerations relevant to PIBs, please see
[FR-PIB].
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6. Intellectual Property Considerations
The IETF is being notified of intellectual property rights claimed in
regard to some or all of the specification contained in this
document. For more information consult the online list of claimed
rights.
7. Authors' Addresses
Harsha Hegde
Intel Corporation
JF3-206
2111 NE 25th Ave
Hillsboro, Oregon 97124
Phone: 503-264-1439
Email: shriharsha.hegde@intel.com
Brad Stone
Resonate, Inc.
385 Moffett Park Drive
Sunnyvale, CA 94089
Phone: 408-548-5929
Email: bstone@resonate.com
8. References
[COPS]
Boyle, J., Cohen, R., Durham, D., Herzog, S., Rajan, R., and A.
Sastry, "The COPS (Common Open Policy Service) Protocol" RFC
2748, January 2000.
[COPS-PR]
D. Durham, K. McCloghrie, J. Seligson, K. Chan, S. Gai, S.
Herzog, A. Smith, R. Yavatkar, F. Reichmeyer., "COPS Usage for
Policy Provisioning (COPS-PR)" draft-ietf-rap-cops-pr-05.txt,
October 2000.
[SPPI]
M. Fine, K. McCloghrie, J. Seligson, K. Chan, S. Hahn, R.Sahita,
A. Smith, F. Reichmeyer., "Structure of Policy Provisioning
Information," draft-ietf-rap-sppi-04.txt, January 2001.
[FR-PIB]
M. Fine, K. McCloghrie, J. Seligson, K. Chan, S. Hahn, A. Smith,
F. Reichmeyer "Framework Policy Information Base", Internet Draft
<draft-ietf-rap-frameworkpib-03.txt>,November 2000
[RAP-FRAMEWORK]
R. Yavatkar, D. Pendarakis, R. Guerin, "A Framework for Policy-
based Admission Control", RFC 2753, January 2000.
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[SNMP-SMI]
K. McCloghrie, D. Perkins, J. Schoenwaelder, J. Case, M. Rose and
S. Waldbusser, "Structure of Management Information Version 2
(SMIv2)", STD 58, RFC 2578, April 1999.
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