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b(The)27 b(document)j(belo)n(w)f(assumes)g(the)0 3560
y(second)h(model.)44 b(The)29 b(dialer)g(does)h(not)f(ha)n(v)o(e)g(to)f
(be)h(a)f(user)h(application)j(as)c(found)i(in)f(traditional)i(desktop)
g(operating)0 3673 y(systems,)24 b(b)n(ut)g(could)h(well)e(be)h(part)g
(of)g(an)f(IP-to-PSTN)f(gate)n(w)o(ay)-6 b(.)141 3786
y(The)34 b(approach)i(pursued)h(here)d(has)h(the)f(disadv)n(antage)k
(that)d(certain)h(services,)i(such)d(as)f(e)o(xtensions)j(on)d(a)g(PBX)
0 3899 y(\(when)24 b(direct)h(inw)o(ard)f(dialing)h(is)f(not)f(used\))i
(or)f(electronic)i(banking,)f(cannot)g(be)f(speci\002ed)h(in)e(a)g
(URI.)141 4012 y(The)35 b(URI)g(can)h(be)f(used)i(as)e(a)g(request)j
(URI)c(in)i(SIP)e([7])h(requests.)67 b(The)36 b(SIP)e(speci\002cation)k
(also)e(inherits)i(the)0 4125 y Fg(subscr)q(iber)23 b
Fk(part)g(of)g(the)g(syntax)i(as)d(part)i(of)f(the)g
Fg(user)f Fk(element)i(in)f(the)g(SIP)e(URI.)h(Other)h(protocols)i(may)
e(use)g(this)g(URI)0 4238 y(for)h(both)g(query-based)j(and)d
(pre\002x-based)i(applications.)141 4351 y(The)k(\223tel\224)h(URI)d
(does)j(not)f(specify)i(the)e(call)h(type)g(such)f(as)g(v)n(oice,)j(f)o
(ax,)f(or)e(data)g(call)h(and)f(does)h(not)f(pro)o(vide)i(the)0
4463 y(connection)27 b(parameters)f(for)f(a)e(data)i(call.)31
b(The)24 b(type)h(and)f(parameters)i(are)f(assumed)g(to)f(be)g(ne)o
(gotiated)j(either)e(in-band)0 4576 y(by)f(the)f(telephone)k(de)n(vice)
d(or)g(through)h(a)e(signaling)k(protocol)e(such)g(as)e(SIP)-10
b(.)0 4861 y Fi(3)119 b(URI)30 b(Syntax)0 5068 y Fk(The)e(URI)f(is)h
(de\002ned)h(using)h(the)f(ABNF)d(\(augmented)k(Backus-Naur)h(form\))d
(described)j(in)d(RFC)f(2234)i([2)q(])f(and)g(uses)0
5181 y(elements)d(from)e(the)h(core)g(de\002nitions)i(\(Appendix)g(A)c
(of)h(RFC)f(2234\).)141 5294 y(The)g(syntax)i(de\002nition)h(follo)n
(ws)e(RFC)e(2396)i([3)q(],)f(indicating)j(the)e(actual)h(characters)i
(contained)f(in)d(the)h(URI.)e(Note)0 5407 y(that)f(the)g(reserv)o(ed)h
(characters)i(\223+\224,)d(\223;\224,)g(\223=\224,)h(and)f(\223?\224)30
b Fc(M)t(U)t(S)t(T)24 b(N)t(O)q(T)e Fk(be)e(escaped)h(if)f(sho)n(wn)g
(in)f(the)h(grammar)g(de\002nitions)0 5656 y Fj(H.)e(Schulzrinne/A.)h
(V)-8 b(aha-Sipila)1008 b Fk(Expires)24 b(May)f(2003)1010
b([P)o(age)23 b(3])p eop
%%Page: 4 4
4 3 bop 0 100 a Fk(INTERNET)-8 b(-DRAFT)736 b(draft-antti-rfc2806)q(bi)
q(s-0)q(7.ps)725 b(December)24 b(6,)f(2002)0 399 y(belo)n(w)j(as)g(the)
o(y)g(are)g(delimiters)i(for)e(the)g(\223tel\224)h(URI)e(scheme.)37
b(These)26 b(reserv)o(ed)i(characters)i Fc(M)t(U)t(S)t(T)f
Fk(be)d(escaped)i(if)e(the)o(y)0 511 y(appear)f(in)e(parameter)j(v)n
(alues.)141 624 y(Characters)33 b(other)g(than)f(those)g(in)f(the)h
(\223reserv)o(ed\224)i(and)d(\223unsafe\224)j(sets)e(\(see)g(RFC)d
(2396)j([3)q(]\))f(are)h(equi)n(v)n(alent)h(to)0 737
y(their)24 b(\223\045)f(HEX)f(HEX\224)g(encoding.)141
850 y(The)h(\223tel\224)i(URI)d(has)i(the)g(follo)n(wing)h(syntax:)0
870 y
-31.0 Resolution mul 72.27 div /CBarX3 exch def currentpoint exch
pop /CBarY3 exch def
0 870 a 413 1057 a Fg(telephone-ur)q(i)389 b(=)99
b(\224tel:\224)26 b(subscr)q(iber)413 1170 y(subscr)q(iber)503
b(=)99 b(global-n)o(umber)23 b(/)i(local-n)o(umber)413
1283 y(global-n)o(umber)340 b(=)99 b(global-n)o(umber-digits)23
b(*par)413 1396 y(local-n)o(umber)397 b(=)99 b(local-n)o(umber-digits)
25 b(*par)f(conte)m(xt)i(*par)413 1508 y(par)791 b(=)99
b(par)o(ameter)24 b(/)i(e)m(xtension)e(/)i(isdn-subaddress)413
1621 y(isdn-subaddress)255 b(=)99 b(\224;isub=\224)26
b(1*ur)q(ic)413 1734 y(e)m(xtension)536 b(=)99 b(\224;e)m(xt=\224)27
b(1*phonedigit)413 1847 y(conte)m(xt)633 b(=)99 b(\224;phone-conte)m
(xt=\224)25 b(descr)q(iptor)h(*\(\224,)-9 b(\224)26 b(descr)q(iptor\))
413 1960 y(descr)q(iptor)523 b(=)99 b(domainname)22 b(/)k(global-n)o
(umber-digits)413 2073 y(global-n)o(umber-digits)98 b(=)h(\224+\224)26
b(1*phonedigit)413 2186 y(local-n)o(umber-digits)155
b(=)99 b(\224+\224)26 b(1*phonedigit-he)m(x)413 2299
y(domainname)394 b(=)99 b(*\()26 b(domainlabel)d(\224.)-9
b(\224)26 b(\))f(toplabel)f([)h(\224.)-9 b(\224)26 b(])413
2412 y(domainlabel)430 b(=)99 b(alphan)o(um)1488 2525
y(/)26 b(alphan)o(um)c(*\()k(alphan)o(um)d(/)i(\224-\224)h(\))g(alphan)
o(um)413 2638 y(toplabel)603 b(=)99 b(ALPHA)24 b(/)h(ALPHA)f(*\()h
(alphan)o(um)e(/)j(\224-\224)g(\))f(alphan)o(um)413 2750
y(par)o(ameter)508 b(=)99 b(\224;\224)26 b(pname)e([\224=\224)i(pv)n
(alue)e(])413 2863 y(pname)643 b(=)99 b(1*\()26 b(alphan)o(um)c(/)k
(\224-\224)g(\))413 2976 y(pv)n(alue)656 b(=)99 b(1*par)o(amchar)413
3089 y(par)o(amchar)488 b(=)99 b(par)o(am-unreser)s(v)n(ed)23
b(/)i(unreser)s(v)n(ed)f(/)h(escaped)413 3202 y(unreser)s(v)n(ed)466
b(=)99 b(alphan)o(um)23 b(/)i(mar)q(k)413 3315 y(escaped)578
b(=)99 b(\224\045\224)26 b(HEXDIG)e(HEXDIG)413 3428 y(par)o(am-unreser)
s(v)n(ed)178 b(=)99 b(\224[\224)26 b(/)g(\224]\224)g(/)g(\224/\224)g(/)
f(\224:\224)h(/)g(\224&\224)f(/)h(\224+\224)g(/)f(\224$\224)413
3541 y(phonedigit)501 b(=)99 b(DIGIT)25 b([)h(visual-separ)o(ator)f(])
413 3654 y(phonedigit-he)m(x)327 b(=)99 b(HEXDIG)24 b([)i(visual-separ)
o(ator)f(])413 3767 y(visual-separ)o(ator)277 b(=)99
b(\224-\224)26 b(/)g(\224.)-9 b(\224)26 b(/)g(\224\(\224)g(/)f
(\224\)\224)413 3880 y(alphan)o(um)522 b(=)99 b(ALPHA)24
b(/)h(DIGIT)0 4013 y
-31.0 Resolution mul 72.27 div /CBarX4 exch def currentpoint exch
pop /CBarY4 exch def
0 4013 a 0 4013 a
gsave 65 100 div setgray 2.0 Resolution mul 72.27 div setlinewidth
CBarX3 CBarY3 moveto CBarX4 CBarY4 lineto stroke grestore
0 4013 a 141 4083
a Fk(Each)k(parameter)i(name)f(\(\223pname\224\),)i(the)e(ISDN)e
(subaddress,)33 b(the)d(e)o(xtension)h(and)f(the)g(conte)o(xt)j
Fc(M)t(U)t(S)t(T)h(N)t(O)q(T)e Fk(ap-)0 4175 y(pear)c(more)g(than)g
(once.)41 b(The)27 b(order)h(of)g(the)g(URL)d(parameters)k(is)f
(immaterial.)41 b(The)27 b(ISDN)f(subaddress)31 b(or)c(e)o(xtension)2
4266 y Fc(S)t(H)t(O)t(U)t(L)t(D)d Fk(appear)f(\002rst,)f(if)f(present,)
i(follo)n(wed)g(by)e(the)h(conte)o(xt)h(parameter)l(,)h(if)d(present,)i
(follo)n(wed)g(by)e(an)o(y)h(other)h(param-)0 4357 y(eters)h(in)g(le)o
(xicographical)k(order)-5 b(.)339 4482 y Fj(This)19 b(simpli\002es)f
(comparison)j(when)e(the)g(\223tel\224)g(URI)f(is)h(compared)h
(character)o(-by-character)m(,)g(such)f(as)g(in)g(SIP)f(URIs)g([7)q(].)
0 4774 y Fi(4)119 b(URI)30 b(Comparisons)0 4981 y Fk(T)-7
b(w)o(o)22 b(\223tel\224)j(URIs)d(are)i(equi)n(v)n(alent)i(according)g
(to)d(the)h(follo)n(wing)h(rules:)136 5194 y Fb(\017)46
b Fk(URI)23 b(are)g(not)h(equal)h(if)e(one)h(is)f(a)h
Fg(local-n)o(umber)d Fk(and)j(the)g(other)g(a)f Fg(global-n)o(umber)p
Fk(.)0 5656 y Fj(H.)18 b(Schulzrinne/A.)h(V)-8 b(aha-Sipila)1008
b Fk(Expires)24 b(May)f(2003)1010 b([P)o(age)23 b(4])p
eop
%%Page: 5 5
5 4 bop 0 100 a Fk(INTERNET)-8 b(-DRAFT)736 b(draft-antti-rfc2806)q(bi)
q(s-0)q(7.ps)725 b(December)24 b(6,)f(2002)136 399 y
Fb(\017)46 b Fk(F)o(or)18 b(mandatory)i(e)o(xtension)h(parameters)f
(and)f(the)g Fg(phone-conte)m(xt)d Fk(and)j Fg(e)m(xtension)e
Fk(parameters)j(de\002ned)f(in)g(this)227 511 y(document,)32
b Fg(phone-n)o(umber)25 b Fk(parameter)31 b(v)n(alues)g(are)e(compared)
i(digit-by-digit)i(after)d(remo)o(ving)h(all)e Fg(visual-)227
624 y(separ)o(ator)p Fk(s)22 b(from)i(consideration.)136
812 y Fb(\017)46 b Fk(P)o(arameters)30 b(are)f(compared)h(according)i
(to)c Fg(pname)p Fk(,)f(re)o(gardless)k(of)d(the)i(order)f(the)o(y)g
(appeared)i(in)e(the)g(URI.)e(If)227 925 y(one)d(URI)f(has)g(a)h
(parameter)h(name)e(not)h(found)h(in)f(the)f(other)l(,)i(the)f(tw)o(o)f
(URIs)g(are)g(not)h(equal.)136 1112 y Fb(\017)46 b Fk(URI)23
b(comparisons)j(are)e(case-insensiti)n(v)o(e.)141 1303
y(All)h(parameter)j(names)e(and)g(v)n(alues)j Fc(S)t(H)t(O)t(U)t(L)t(D)
g Fk(use)d(lo)n(wer)n(-case)h(characters)i(since)d(tel)g(URIs)f(may)g
(be)h(used)h(within)0 1395 y(conte)o(xts)e(where)f(comparisons)i(are)e
(case-sensiti)n(v)o(e.)339 1519 y Fj(Section)19 b(19.1.4)h(in)e(the)h
(SIP)f(speci\002cation)h([7)q(])f(discusses)i(one)g(such)f(case.)0
1812 y Fi(5)119 b(Phone)31 b(Numbers)f(and)h(Their)g(Context)0
2022 y Fh(5.1)99 b(Phone)26 b(Numbers)0 2197 y Fk(The)20
b Fg(subscr)q(iber)h Fk(part)g(of)g(the)g(URI)e(indicates)k(the)f
(number)-5 b(.)28 b(The)21 b(phone)h(number)f(can)g(be)g(represented)j
(in)d(either)h(global)0 2309 y(\(E.164\))k(or)g(local)h(notation.)39
b(All)25 b(phone)j(numbers)h Fc(M)t(U)t(S)t(T)g Fk(use)e(the)f(global)h
(form)f(unless)i(the)o(y)e(cannot)i(be)e(represented)0
2422 y(as)g(such.)37 b(Numbers)27 b(from)f(pri)n(v)n(ate)h(numbering)h
(plans,)g(emer)n(genc)o(y)g(\(\223911\224,)g(\223112\224\))f(and)g
(some)f(directory)i(assistance)0 2535 y(numbers)f(\(e.g.,)f
(\223411\224\))h(and)f(other)h(\223service)h(codes\224)f(\(numbers)g
(of)f(the)g(form)f(N11)h(in)f(the)h(United)h(States\))f(cannot)h(be)0
2648 y(represented)36 b(in)c(global)i(\(E.164\))e(form,)j(and)d(need)h
(to)g(be)f(represented)k(as)c(a)g(local)h(number)g(with)f(a)g(conte)o
(xt.)57 b(Local)0 2761 y(numbers)27 b Fc(M)t(U)t(S)t(T)g
Fk(be)c(tagged)i(with)f(a)f Fg(phone-conte)m(xt)e Fk(\(Section)j
(5.1.4\).)141 2874 y(Implementations)g Fc(M)t(U)t(S)t(T)h(N)t(O)q(T)c
Fk(assume)f(that)f(telephone)j(numbers)e(ha)n(v)o(e)g(a)e(maximum,)i
(minimum)e(or)h(\002x)o(ed)g(length,)0 2987 y(or)k(that)i(the)o(y)e(al)
o(w)o(ays)i(be)o(gin)f(with)g(a)f(certain)i(number)-5
b(.)339 3136 y Fj(E.164)24 b(limits)e(numbers)i(to)f(15)g(digits.)35
b(F)o(or)23 b(geographic)i(numbers,)f(one)g(to)f(three)g(digits)g(are)g
(the)g(country)h(code,)h(with)d(the)227 3228 y(remainder)f(di)n(vided)f
(into)g(area)g(code)g(\(national)g(destination)g(code\))h(and)f
(subscriber)h(number)l(.)26 b(Alternati)n(v)o(ely)-5
b(,)19 b(there)h(is)f(a)h(global)227 3319 y(three-digit)h(service)g
(code,)h(follo)n(wed)f(by)g(a)g(global)g(subscriber)h(number)g(of)f(up)
g(to)g(12)g(digits.)28 b(Finally)-5 b(,)21 b(a)g(\223international)g
(public)227 3410 y(telecommunication)d(number)f(for)e(netw)o(orks)i(is)
f(composed)h(of)f(decimal)g(digits)g(arranged)h(in)f(three)g(code)h
(\002elds.)k(The)16 b(code)h(\002elds)227 3502 y(are)23
b(the)g(3-digit)g(shared)h(Country)f(Code)g(\(CC\))f(\002eld,)i(the)e
(IC)h(\002eld,)g(which)g(v)n(aries)g(in)g(length)g(between)h(1)f(to)g
(4)g(digits,)g(and)g(the)227 3593 y(Subscriber)d(Number)f(\(SN\))f
(which)h(can)h(be)f(up)g(to)g(15)h(minus)f(the)g(number)h(of)f(digits)g
(in)f(the)h(CC)g(and)g(IC)g(\002elds.)-5 b(\224)22 b([4)q(])0
3839 y Ff(5.1.1)92 b(Separators)25 b(in)d(Phone)g(Numbers)0
4013 y Fk(Phone)h(numbers)k Fc(M)t(A)l(Y)d Fk(contain)h(visual)f
(separators.)31 b(V)-5 b(isual)23 b(separators)j(\()p
Fg(visual-separ)o(ator)p Fk(\))c(merely)i(aid)f(readability)0
4126 y(and)h(are)g(not)g(used)g(for)g(URI)e(comparison)k(or)d(placing)j
(a)d(call.)339 4275 y Fj(Despite)j(complicating)h(comparisons,)i(this)d
(speci\002cation)g(retains)g(the)g(visual)g(separators)h(to)e(follo)n
(w)h(the)g(spirit)g(of)g(RFC)227 4367 y(2396)16 b([3],)f(which)g
(remarks)h(that)e(\223)-6 b(A)15 b(URI)f(often)h(needs)h(to)e(be)h
(remembered)h(by)f(people,)h(and)g(it)e(is)g(easier)h(for)g(people)g
(to)g(remember)227 4458 y(a)25 b(URI)f(when)i(it)e(consists)h(of)g
(meaningful)h(components.)-5 b(\224)43 b(Also,)26 b(ISBN)e(URNs)h
(documented)h(in)f(RFC)f(3187)i([8])f(use)g(visual)227
4549 y(separators)20 b(in)f(a)g(manner)g(similar)g(to)f(this)h
(speci\002cation.)339 4699 y(Ev)o(en)h(though)h(ITU-T)d(E.123)i([9])f
(recommends)i(the)e(use)h(of)g(space)g(characters)g(as)f(visual)h
(separators)g(in)f(printed)h(telephone)227 4790 y(numbers,)g
(\223tel\224)f(URIs)f(cannot)i(use)f(spaces)h(to)f(a)o(v)o(oid)g(e)o
(xcessi)n(v)o(e)g(escaping.)0 5036 y Ff(5.1.2)92 b(Alphabetic)23
b(Characters)0 5210 y Fk(In)31 b(some)h(countries,)j(it)c(is)g(popular)
i(to)e(write)h(phone)g(numbers)h(using)f(alphabetic)i(characters)g
(which)e(correspond)i(to)0 5323 y(certain)24 b(numbers)h(on)e(the)g
(telephone)j(k)o(e)o(ypad.)k(The)22 b(URI)g(format)h(does)h(not)f
(support)i(this)f(notation)h(since)f(the)f(mapping)0
5656 y Fj(H.)18 b(Schulzrinne/A.)h(V)-8 b(aha-Sipila)1008
b Fk(Expires)24 b(May)f(2003)1010 b([P)o(age)23 b(5])p
eop
%%Page: 6 6
6 5 bop 0 100 a Fk(INTERNET)-8 b(-DRAFT)736 b(draft-antti-rfc2806)q(bi)
q(s-0)q(7.ps)725 b(December)24 b(6,)f(2002)0 399 y(from)j(alphabetic)k
(characters)f(to)d(digits)i(is)e(not)h(completely)h(uniform)g
(internationally)-6 b(,)31 b(although)e(there)e(are)g(standards)0
511 y([10)q(,)c(11)q(])g(addressing)j(this)e(issue.)141
624 y(Since)29 b(called)i(and)e(calling)i(terminal)g(numbers)f(\(TNs\))
e(are)i(encoded)h(in)e(BCD)e(in)i(ISUP)-10 b(,)27 b(this)j(allo)n(ws)f
(for)h(six)f(ad-)0 737 y(ditional)34 b(v)n(alues)e(per)g(digit,)i
(sometimes)f(represented)h(as)e(the)g(he)o(xadecimal)h(characters)i(A)
30 b(through)k(F)-7 b(.)29 b(Ho)n(we)n(v)o(er)l(,)k(in)0
850 y(accordance)j(with)d(E.164,)i(the)o(y)f(may)e(not)i(be)f(included)
i(in)e(global)i(numbers.)59 b(Their)33 b(use)g(in)g(local)h(numbers)h
(is)e(not)0 963 y(de\002ned,)24 b(b)n(ut)g(is)g(not)f(prohibited.)0
1209 y Ff(5.1.3)92 b(Global)23 b(Numbers)0 1383 y Fk(Globally)28
b(unique)h(numbers)f(are)g(identi\002ed)g(by)f(the)h(leading)h
(\223+\224)e(character)-5 b(.)41 b(Global)28 b(numbers)i
Fc(M)t(U)t(S)t(T)g Fk(be)d(composed)0 1496 y(with)d(the)g(country)h
(\(CC\))e(and)h(national)i(\(NSN\))c(numbers)j(as)f(speci\002ed)h(in)f
(E.123)f(and)h(E.164)g([9)q(,)e(4)q(].)28 b(Globally)e(unique)0
1609 y(numbers)f(ha)n(v)o(e)f(the)g(property)i(of)d(being)i
(unambiguous)h(e)n(v)o(erywhere)f(in)f(the)g(w)o(orld)g(and)g(are)h
Fc(R)t(E)t(C)t(O)t(M)t(M)t(E)t(N)t(D)t(E)t(D)r Fk(.)0
1629 y
-31.0 Resolution mul 72.27 div /CBarX5 exch def currentpoint exch
pop /CBarY5 exch def
0 1629 a 226 x Ff(5.1.4)92 b(Local)24 b(Numbers)0
2029 y Fk(Local)e(numbers)h(are)f(unique)h(only)f(within)g(a)g(certain)
h(geographical)i(area)d(or)g(a)f(certain)i(part)g(of)e(the)h(telephone)
i(netw)o(ork,)0 2142 y(e.g.,)e(a)h(pri)n(v)n(ate)h(branch)g(e)o
(xchange)i(\(PBX\),)21 b(a)h(state)i(or)f(pro)o(vince,)i(a)d
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userdict /end-hook known{end-hook}if
%%EOF