Internet DRAFT - draft-ietf-xrblock-rtcp-xr-burst-gap-discard

draft-ietf-xrblock-rtcp-xr-burst-gap-discard






Audio/Video Transport Working Group                             A. Clark
Internet-Draft                                                  Telchemy
Intended status: Standards Track                                R. Huang
Expires: October 28, 2013                                     Q. Wu, Ed.
                                                                  Huawei
                                                          April 26, 2013


  RTP Control Protocol(RTCP) Extended Report (XR) Block for Burst/Gap
                        Discard metric Reporting
          draft-ietf-xrblock-rtcp-xr-burst-gap-discard-14.txt

Abstract

   This document defines an RTP Control Protocol(RTCP) Extended Report
   (XR) Block that allows the reporting of Burst and Gap Discard metrics
   for use in a range of RTP applications.

Status of this Memo

   This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the
   provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79.

   Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering
   Task Force (IETF).  Note that other groups may also distribute
   working documents as Internet-Drafts.  The list of current Internet-
   Drafts is at http://datatracker.ietf.org/drafts/current/.

   Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months
   and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any
   time.  It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference
   material or to cite them other than as "work in progress."

   This Internet-Draft will expire on October 28, 2013.

Copyright Notice

   Copyright (c) 2013 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the
   document authors.  All rights reserved.

   This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal
   Provisions Relating to IETF Documents
   (http://trustee.ietf.org/license-info) in effect on the date of
   publication of this document.  Please review these documents
   carefully, as they describe your rights and restrictions with respect
   to this document.  Code Components extracted from this document must
   include Simplified BSD License text as described in Section 4.e of
   the Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without warranty as



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   described in the Simplified BSD License.


Table of Contents

   1.  Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  3
     1.1.  Burst and Gap Discard Report Block . . . . . . . . . . . .  3
     1.2.  RTCP and RTCP XR Reports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  3
     1.3.  Performance Metrics Framework  . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  3
     1.4.  Applicability  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  4
   2.  Terminology  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  5
     2.1.  Standards Language . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  5
   3.  Burst/Gap Discard Block  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  6
     3.1.  Report Block Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  6
     3.2.  Definition of Fields in Burst/Gap Discard Report Block . .  6
     3.3.  Derived metrics based on reported metrics  . . . . . . . .  8
   4.  Considerations for Voice-over-IP applications  . . . . . . . . 10
   5.  SDP Signaling  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
     5.1.  SDP rtcp-xr-attrib Attribute Extension . . . . . . . . . . 11
     5.2.  Offer/Answer Usage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
   6.  IANA Considerations  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
     6.1.  New RTCP XR Block Type value . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
     6.2.  New RTCP XR SDP Parameter  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
     6.3.  Contact information for registrations  . . . . . . . . . . 12
   7.  Security Considerations  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
   8.  Contributors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
   9.  Acknowledgments  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
   10. References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
     10.1. Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
     10.2. Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
   Appendix A.  Metrics represented using RFC6390 Template  . . . . . 18
   Appendix B.  Change Log  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
     B.1.  draft-ietf-xrblock-rtcp-xr-burst-gap-discard-14  . . . . . 21
     B.2.  draft-ietf-xrblock-rtcp-xr-burst-gap-discard-13  . . . . . 21
     B.3.  draft-ietf-xrblock-rtcp-xr-burst-gap-discard-12  . . . . . 21
     B.4.  draft-ietf-xrblock-rtcp-xr-burst-gap-discard-11  . . . . . 21
     B.5.  draft-ietf-xrblock-rtcp-xr-burst-gap-discard-10  . . . . . 21
   Authors' Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22













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1.  Introduction

1.1.  Burst and Gap Discard Report Block

   This document defines a new block type to augment those defined in
   [RFC3611] for use in a range of RTP applications.  The new block type
   supports the reporting of the proportion of packets discarded by the
   jitter buffer at the receiver, using packet discard logic according
   to the jitter buffer algorithms.  The discards during discard bursts
   are reported, together with the number of bursts.  This block is
   intended to be used in conjunction with [DISCARD] which provides the
   total packets discarded, and on which this block therefore depends.
   However the metric in [DISCARD] may be used independently of the
   metrics in this block.

   This block provides information on transient IP problems.  Burst/Gap
   metrics are typically used in cumulative reports, however they also
   may be used in interval reports (see the Interval Metric flag in
   section 3.2).  The burstiness of packet discard affects user
   experience, may influence any sender strategies to mitigate the
   problem, and may also have diagnostic value.

   The metric belongs to the class of transport-related end system
   metrics defined in [RFC6792].

   The definitions of Burst, Gap, Loss and Discard are consistent with
   definitions in [RFC3611].  To accommodate the range of jitter buffer
   algorithms and packet discard logic that may be used by implementors,
   the method used to distinguish between bursts and gaps shall use an
   equivalent method to that defined in the section 4.7.2 of [RFC3611].
   Note that Reporting the specific jitter buffer algorithms and/or
   packet discard logic is out of scope of this document.

1.2.  RTCP and RTCP XR Reports

   The use of RTCP for reporting is defined in [RFC3550].  [RFC3611]
   defined an extensible structure for reporting using an RTCP Extended
   Report (XR).  This document defines a new Extended Report block for
   use with [RFC3550] and [RFC3611].

1.3.  Performance Metrics Framework

   The Performance Metrics Framework [RFC6390] provides guidance on the
   definition and specification of performance metrics.  The RTP
   Monitoring Architectures [RFC6792] provides guideline for reporting
   block format using RTCP XR.  The metrics block described in this
   document are in accordance with the guidelines in [RFC6390] and
   [RFC6792].



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1.4.  Applicability

   These metrics are applicable to a range of RTP applications which
   contain de-jitter buffers [RFC5481] at the receiving end to smooth
   variation in packet arriving time and don't use stream repair means,
   e.g., Forward Error Correction (FEC) [RFC5109] and/or retransmission
   [RFC4588].












































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2.  Terminology

2.1.  Standards Language

   The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
   "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this
   document are to be interpreted as described in RFC 2119 [RFC2119].

   In addition, the following terms are defined:

   Received, Lost and Discarded

      A packet shall be regarded as lost if it fails to arrive within an
      implementation-specific time window.  A packet that arrives within
      this time window but is either too early to be played out or too
      late to be played out or thrown away before playout due to packet
      duplication or redundancy shall be regarded as discarded.  A
      packet shall not be regarded as discarded if it arrives within
      this time window but is dropped during decoding by some higher
      layer decoder, e.g., due to a decoding error.  A packet shall be
      classified as one of received (or OK), discarded or lost.  The
      metric "cumulative number of packets lost" defined in [RFC3550]
      reports a count of packets lost from the media stream (single SSRC
      within single RTP session).  Similarly the metric "number of
      packets discarded" defined in [DISCARD] reports a count of packets
      discarded from the media stream (single SSRC within single RTP
      session) arriving at the receiver.  Another metric defined in
      [RFC5725] is available to report on packets which are not
      recovered by any repair techniques which may be in use.  Note that
      the term discard defined here build on the Discard definition
      [RFC3611], but extend the concept to take into account the packet
      duplication, and report different types of discard counts
      [DISCARD].


   Bursts and Gaps

      The terms Burst and Gap are used in a manner consistent with that
      of RTCP XR [RFC3611].  RTCP XR views a RTP stream as being divided
      into bursts, which are periods during which the discard rate is
      high enough to cause noticeable quality degradation (generally
      over 5 percent discard rate), and gaps, which are periods during
      which discarded packets are infrequent and hence quality is
      generally acceptable.







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3.  Burst/Gap Discard Block

   Metrics in this block report on Burst/Gap Discard in the stream
   arriving at the RTP system.  The measurement of these metrics are
   made at the receiving end of the RTP stream.  Instances of this
   metrics block refer by Synchronization source (SSRC) to the separate
   auxiliary Measurement Information Block [RFC6776] which describes
   measurement periods in use (see RFC6776 section 4.2).

   This metrics block relies on the measurement period in the
   Measurement Information Block indicating the span of the report.
   Senders MUST send this block in the same compound RTCP packet as the
   Measurement Information Block.  Receivers MUST verify that the
   measurement period is received in the same compound RTCP packet as
   this metrics block.  If not, this metrics block MUST be discarded.

3.1.  Report Block Structure

   Burst/Gap Discard Metrics Block

        0                   1                   2                   3
        0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
       +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
       |    BT=NBGD    | I |   resv.   |      block length = 3         |
       +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
       |                        SSRC of Source                         |
       +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
       |   Threshold   |         Packets Discarded in Bursts           |
       +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
       |       Total Packets expected in Bursts        |   Reserved.   |
       +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

                     Figure 1: Report Block Structure

3.2.  Definition of Fields in Burst/Gap Discard Report Block

   Block type (BT): 8 bits

      A Burst/Gap Discard Report Block is identified by the constant
      NBGD.

      [Note to RFC Editor: please replace NBGD with the IANA provided
      RTCP XR block type for this block.]








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   Interval Metric flag (I): 2 bits

      This field is used to indicate whether the Burst/Gap Discard
      metrics are Sampled, Interval or Cumulative metrics [RFC6792]:

         I=10: Interval Duration - the reported value applies to the
         most recent measurement interval duration between successive
         metrics reports.

         I=11: Cumulative Duration - the reported value applies to the
         accumulation period characteristic of cumulative measurements.

         I=01: Sampled Value - the reported value is a sampled
         instantaneous value.

      In this document, Burst/Gap Discard Metrics can only be measured
      over definite intervals, and cannot be sampled.  Also, the value
      I=00 is reserved for future use.  Senders MUST NOT use the values
      I=00 or I=01.  If a block is received with I=00 or I=01, the
      receiver MUST discard the block.


   Reserved (resv): 6 bits

      These bits are reserved.  They MUST be set to zero by senders and
      ignored by receivers (See RFC6709 section 4.2).


   block length: 16 bits

      The length of this report block in 32-bit words, minus one.  For
      the Burst/Gap discard block, the block length is equal to 3.  The
      block MUST be discarded if the block length is set to a different
      value.


   SSRC of source: 32 bits

      As defined in Section 4.1 of [RFC3611].


   Threshold: 8 bits

      The Threshold is equivalent to Gmin in [RFC3611], i.e. the number
      of successive packets that must not be discarded prior to and
      following a discard packet in order for this discarded packet to
      be regarded as part of a gap.  Note that the threshold is set in
      accordance with Gmin Calculation defined in section 4.7.2 of



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      RFC3611.


   Packets discarded in bursts: 24 bits

      The total number of packets discarded during discard bursts.

      The measured value is unsigned value.  If the measured value
      exceeds 0xFFFFFD, the value 0xFFFFFE MUST be reported to indicate
      an over-range measurement.  If the measurement is unavailable, the
      value 0xFFFFFF MUST be reported.


   Total packets expected in bursts: 24 bits

      The total number of packets expected during discarded bursts (that
      is, the sum of received packets and lost packets).

      The measured value is unsigned value.  If the measured value
      exceeds 0xFFFFFD, the value 0xFFFFFE MUST be reported to indicate
      an over-range measurement.  If the measurement is unavailable, the
      value 0xFFFFFF MUST be reported.


   Reserved (resv): 8 bits

      These bits are reserved.  They MUST be set to zero by senders and
      ignored by receivers (See RFC6709 section 4.2).


3.3.  Derived metrics based on reported metrics

   The metrics described here are intended to be used in conjunction
   with information from the Measurement Information Block [RFC6776] and
   also with the metric "number of packets discarded" provided in the
   RTCP XR Discard Count Block [DISCARD].

   These metrics provide the following information relevant to
   statistical parameters, including:

   o  The fraction of packets discarded during bursts (burst discard
      rate in [SUMSTAT]), which can be calculated using the metric "
      Packets Discarded in Bursts " and the metric " Total Packets
      expected in Bursts " provided in the Burst/Gap Discard Metrics
      Block.

   o  The fraction of packets discarded during gaps (gap discard rate in
      [SUMSTAT]), which can be calculated using the metric " Packets



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      Discarded in Bursts " and the metric " Total Packets expected in
      Bursts " provided in the Burst/Gap Discard Metrics Block.

   The details on calculation these parameters in the metrics are
   described in [SUMSTAT].














































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4.  Considerations for Voice-over-IP applications

   This metrics block is applicable to a broad range of RTP
   applications.  Where the metric is used with a Voice over IP (VoIP)
   application and the stream repair means is not available, the
   following considerations apply.

   RTCP XR views a call as being divided into bursts, which are periods
   during which the discard rate is high enough to cause noticeable call
   quality degradation (generally over 5 percent discard rate), and
   gaps, which are periods during which discarded packets are infrequent
   and hence call quality is generally acceptable.

   If voice activity detection is used, the Burst and Gap Duration shall
   be determined as if silence packets had been sent, i.e. a period of
   silence in excess of Gmin packets will terminate a burst condition.

   The recommended value for the threshold Gmin in [RFC3611] results in
   a Burst being a period of time during which the call quality is
   degraded to a similar extent to a typical pulse-code modulation(PCM)
   severely errored second.






























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5.  SDP Signaling

   [RFC3611] defines the use of SDP (Session Description Protocol)
   [RFC4566] for signaling the use of XR blocks.  XR blocks MAY be used
   without prior signaling.

5.1.  SDP rtcp-xr-attrib Attribute Extension

   This section augments the SDP [RFC4566] attribute "rtcp-xr" defined
   in [RFC3611] by providing an additional value of "xr-format" to
   signal the use of the report block defined in this document.

   xr-format =/ xr-bgd-block

   xr-bgd-block = "burst-gap-discard"

5.2.  Offer/Answer Usage

   When SDP is used in offer-answer context, the SDP Offer/Answer usage
   defined in [RFC3611] for unilateral "rtcp-xr" attribute parameters
   applies.  For detailed usage in Offer/Answer for unilateral
   parameter, refer to section 5.2 of [RFC3611].





























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6.  IANA Considerations

   New block types for RTCP XR are subject to IANA registration.  For
   general guidelines on IANA considerations for RTCP XR, refer to
   [RFC3611].

6.1.  New RTCP XR Block Type value

   This document assigns the block type value NBGD in the IANA " RTP
   Control Protocol Extended Reports (RTCP XR) Block Type Registry " to
   the "Burst/Gap Discard Metrics Block".

   [Note to RFC Editor: please replace NBGD with the IANA provided RTCP
   XR block type for this block.]

6.2.  New RTCP XR SDP Parameter

   This document also registers a new parameter "burst-gap-discard" in
   the "RTP Control Protocol Extended Reports (RTCP XR) Session
   Description Protocol (SDP) Parameters Registry".

6.3.  Contact information for registrations


   The contact information for the registrations is:

      Qin Wu (sunseawq@huawei.com)

      101 Software Avenue, Yuhua District
      Nanjing, Jiangsu  210012
      China




















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7.  Security Considerations

   It is believed that this proposed RTCP XR report block introduces no
   new security considerations beyond those described in [RFC3611].
   This block does not provide per-packet statistics so the risk to
   confidentiality documented in Section 7, paragraph 3 of [RFC3611]
   does not apply.












































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8.  Contributors

   Geoff Hunt wrote the initial draft of this document.
















































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9.  Acknowledgments

   The authors gratefully acknowledge reviews and feedback provided by
   Bruce Adams, Philip Arden, Amit Arora, Bob Biskner, Kevin Connor,
   Claus Dahm, Randy Ethier, Roni Even, Jim Frauenthal, Albert Higashi,
   Tom Hock, Shane Holthaus, Paul Jones, Rajesh Kumar, Keith Lantz,
   Mohamed Mostafa, Amy Pendleton, Colin Perkins, Mike Ramalho, Ravi
   Raviraj, Albrecht Schwarz, Tom Taylor, Hideaki Yamada, Paul
   Kyzivat,Claire Bi,Stephen Farrell, Benoit Claise and Dan Romascanu.










































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10.  References

10.1.  Normative References

   [DISCARD]  Wu, Q., "RTCP XR Report Block for Discard Count metric
              Reporting", ID draft-ietf-xrblock-rtcp-xr-discard-11,
              December 2012.

   [RFC2119]  Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
              Requirement Levels", March 1997.

   [RFC3550]  Schulzrinne, H., "RTP: A Transport Protocol for Real-Time
              Applications", RFC 3550, July 2003.

   [RFC3611]  Friedman, T., Caceres, R., and A. Clark, "RTP Control
              Protocol Extended Reports (RTCP XR)", November 2003.

   [RFC4566]  Handley, M., Jacobson, V., and C. Perkins, "SDP: Session
              Description Protocol", July 2006.

   [RFC5725]  Begen, A., Hsu, D., and M. Lague, "Post-Repair Loss RLE
              Report Block Type for RTP Control Protocol (RTCP) Extended
              Reports (XRs)", RFC 5725, February 2020.

   [RFC6776]  Wu, Q., "Measurement Identity and information Reporting
              using SDES item and XR Block", RFC 6776, October 2012.

   [SUMSTAT]  Zorn, G., "RTCP XR for Summary Statistics Metrics
              Reporting", ID draft-ietf-xrblock-rtcp-xr-summary-stat-11,
              March 2013.

10.2.  Informative References

   [RFC4588]  Rey, J., Leon, D., , A., Varsa, V., and R. Hakenberg, "RTP
              Retransmission Payload Format", RFC 4588, July 2006.

   [RFC5109]  Li, A., "RTP Payload Format for Generic Forward Error
              Correction", RFC 5109, December 2007.

   [RFC5481]  Morton, A. and B. Claise, "Packet Delay Variation
              Applicability Statement", RFC 5481, March 2009.

   [RFC6390]  Clark, A. and B. Claise, "Framework for Performance Metric
              Development", RFC 6390, October 2011.

   [RFC6709]  Carpenter, B., Aboba, B., and S. Cheshire, "Design
              Considerations for Protocol Extensions", RFC 6709,
              September 2012.



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   [RFC6792]  Hunt, G., "Monitoring Architectures for RTP", RFC 6792,
              November 2012.

















































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Appendix A.  Metrics represented using RFC6390 Template

   RFC EDITOR NOTE: please change XXXX in [RFCXXXX] by the new RFC
   number, when assigned.

   a.  Threshold Metric


       *  Metric Name: Threshold in RTP


       *  Metric Description: The Threshold is equivalent to Gmin in
          [RFC3611], i.e. the number of successive packets that must not
          be discarded prior to and following a discard packet in order
          for this discarded packet to be regarded as part of a gap.


       *  Method of Measurement or Calculation: See section 3.2,
          Threshold definition [RFCXXXX].


       *  Units of Measurement: See section 3.2, Threshold definition
          [RFCXXXX].


       *  Measurement Point(s) with Potential Measurement Domain: See
          section 3, 1st paragraph [RFCXXXX].


       *  Measurement Timing: See section 3, 2nd paragraph [RFCXXXX] for
          measurement timing and section 3.2 [RFCXXXX] for Interval
          Metric flag.


       *  Use and applications: See section 1.4 [RFCXXXX].


       *  Reporting model: See RFC3611.


   b.  Packets discarded in bursts Metric


       *  Metric Name: RTP Packets discarded in bursts


       *  Metric Description: The total number of RTP packets discarded
          during discard bursts.



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       *  Method of Measurement or Calculation: See section 3.2, Packets
          discarded in bursts definition [RFCXXXX].


       *  Units of Measurement: See section 3.2, Packets discarded in
          bursts definition [RFCXXXX].


       *  Measurement Point(s) with Potential Measurement Domain: See
          section 3, 1st paragraph [RFCXXXX].


       *  Measurement Timing: See section 3, 2nd paragraph [RFCXXXX] for
          measurement timing and section 3.2 [RFCXXXX] for Interval
          Metric flag.


       *  Use and applications: See section 1.4 [RFCXXXX].


       *  Reporting model: See RFC3611.


   c.  Total packets expected in bursts Metric


       *  Metric Name: Total RTP packets expected in bursts


       *  Metric Description: The total number of packets expected
          during discarded bursts (that is, the sum of received packets
          and lost packets).


       *  Method of Measurement or Calculation: See section 3.2, Total
          packets expected in bursts definition [RFCXXXX].


       *  Units of Measurement: See section 3.2, Total packets expected
          in bursts definition [RFCXXXX].


       *  Measurement Point(s) with Potential Measurement Domain: See
          section 3, 1st paragraph [RFCXXXX].


       *  Measurement Timing: See section 3, 2nd paragraph [RFCXXXX] for
          measurement timing and section 3.2 [RFCXXXX] for Interval



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          Metric flag.


       *  Use and applications: See section 1.4 [RFCXXXX].


       *  Reporting model: See RFC3611.












































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Appendix B.  Change Log

   Note to the RFC-Editor: please remove this section prior to
   publication as an RFC.

B.1.  draft-ietf-xrblock-rtcp-xr-burst-gap-discard-14

   The following are the major changes compared to previous version:

   o  Editorial changes to address comments raised in IESG review and
      other Directorate review.

B.2.  draft-ietf-xrblock-rtcp-xr-burst-gap-discard-13

   The following are the major changes compared to previous version:

   o  Additional editorial changes to Burst Gap discard draft to get in
      line with Burst Gap Loss draft.

B.3.  draft-ietf-xrblock-rtcp-xr-burst-gap-discard-12

   The following are the major changes compared to previous version:

   o  Similar changes to Burst Gap loss draft to get in line with Burst
      Gap Loss draft.

B.4.  draft-ietf-xrblock-rtcp-xr-burst-gap-discard-11

   The following are the major changes compared to previous version:

   o  Similar changes to Burst Gap loss draft to address IESG review
      comments apply to this document.

B.5.  draft-ietf-xrblock-rtcp-xr-burst-gap-discard-10

   The following are the major changes compared to previous version:

   o  Move RFC6709 as one informative reference.













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Internet-Draft          RTCP XR Burst/Gap Discard             April 2013


Authors' Addresses

   Alan Clark
   Telchemy Incorporated
   2905 Premiere Parkway, Suite 280
   Duluth, GA  30097
   USA

   Email: alan.d.clark@telchemy.com


   Rachel Huang
   Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
   101 Software Avenue, Yuhua District
   Nanjing, Jiangsu  210012
   China

   Email: Rachel@huawei.com


   Qin Wu (editor)
   Huawei
   101 Software Avenue, Yuhua District
   Nanjing, Jiangsu  210012
   China

   Email: sunseawq@huawei.com
























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