Internet DRAFT - draft-he-core-energy-aware-pd

draft-he-core-energy-aware-pd





Network Working Group                                              X. He
Internet-Draft                                                     YC.Ma
Intended status: Informational              Hitachi (China) Research and
Expires: January 12, 2013                        Development Corporation
                                                                   Z.Cao
                                                            China Mobile
                                                           July 16, 2012

                    Energy Aware Proxy Discovery for CoAP 
                     draft-he-core-energy-aware-pd-01.txt

Abstract

   CoRE defines a mechanism for resource discovery based on Web linking 
   with discovery, registration,modification, and other procedures. But
   energy efficiency is very important for resource constrained devices.
   This specification shows an efficient method for CoAP proxy finding 
   the resource from end-points by reducing multicast messages.  

   The current version -01 of this document is just an initial draft 
   that is modified according to related comments.

Status of This Memo

   This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the 
   provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79.

   Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering 
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   This Internet-Draft will expire on January 12, 2013.

Copyright Notice

   Copyright (c) 2012 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the 
   document authors.  All rights reserved.

   This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal 
   Provisions Relating to IETF Documents
   (http://trustee.ietf.org/license-info) in effect on the date of 
   publication of this document.  Please review these documents
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   to this document.  Code Components extracted from this document must 
   include Simplified BSD License text as described in Section 4.e of
   the Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without warranty as 
   described in the Simplified BSD License. 
   

Table of Contents

   1.  Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  3
   2.  Resource discovery analysis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  4
   3.  Energy aware proxy discovery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  5
     3.1.  Reduced Protocol Operations  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  5
     3.2.  Example                . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  6
   4.  IANA Consideration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  7
   5.  Security Considerations  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  7
   6.  Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7
  

































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1.  Introduction

   The Constrained RESTful Environments (CoRE) working group aims at 
   realizing the REST architecture in a suitable form for the most
   constrained nodes and networks.  CoRE is aimed at machine-to-machine 
   (M2M) applications such as smart energy and building automation 
   [I-D.shelby-core-coap-req]. As being the main work of CORE,CoAP 
   defined a proxy mechanism for CoAP end-point, that proxy can be 
   tasked by CoAP clients to perform requests on their behalf
   [I-D.ietf-core-coap]. 
   
   Since in many M2M scenarios, direct discovery of resources is not 
   practical due to sleeping nodes, disperse networks, or networks where
   multicast traffic is inefficient.  These problems can be solved by 
   employing an entity called a Resource Directory (RD), which hosts 
   descriptions of resources held on other servers, allowing lookups to 
   be performed for those resources[I-D.shelby-core-resource-directory].

   The proxy mechanism should support this RD function in resource 
   constrained environments. There are several methods to discovery 
   proxy by a CoAP end-point, including assuming a default location 
   (e.g. on an Edge Router in a LoWPAN), by assigning an anycast address
   to the proxy, using DHCP, or using the CoRE Link Format. While 
   reducing energy consumption is essential for battery operated nodes 
   in some devices, which is one of the most important work in M2M 
   communication. Node's energy usage depends on network messages it has
   to receive and or respond. Thus the discovery procedure should be 
   optimized with energy aware consideration. 
   
   
   
   The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
   "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this
   document are to be interpreted as described in RFC 2119 [RFC2119].


















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2.  Resource discovery analysis

   As mentioned in other drafts, resource discovery is performed by 
   sending either a multicast or unicast GET request to 
   /.well-known/core and including a Resource Type (rt) parameter 
   [I-D.ietf-core-link-format] with the value "core-rd" in the query 
   string.  Upon success, the response will contain a payload with a 
   link format entry for each RD discovered, with the URL indicating
   the root resource of the RD. 

   After discovering the location of an RD, an end-point MAY register
   its resources to the RD's registration interface.  This interface
   accepts a POST from an end-point containing the list of resources to
   be added to the directory as the message payload in the CoRE Link
   Format along with query string parameters indicating the name of the
   end-point, an optional node identifier and the lifetime of the
   registration. Upon success, the response will be 2.01 "Created" 
   [I-D.shelby-core-resource-directory]. 
   
   That means once resource discovery needs twice communication process 
   between end-point and proxy. For energy saving point of view, this 
   procedure should be optimized. Another draft indicates more efficient
   method.A CoAP server that wants to make itself discoverable sends a 
   POST request to the default discovery URI of any Candidate CoAP 
   Server Discovery Server [I-D.bormann-core-simple-server-discovery]. 
   
   This draft shows more details about energy aware proxy discovery 
   mechanism for CoAP. 
   
   

   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
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3.  Energy aware proxy discovery

3.1.  Reduced Protocol Operations

   The Energy aware proxy reduces discovery and registration processes 
   into one.
   
   The end-point acting as a server will use server IP address, the CoAP
   default port[I-D.ietf-core-coap], and the absolute path 
   "/.well-known/core"[I-D.ietf-core-link-format] to build its POST 
   request. And this request will be send to its Neighbor by unicast 
   (as using 6LOWPAN or IPv6) or to a multicast address. 
   
   The POST request is a link-format message,  which indicates the 
   service list that requesting server wants to make known to the proxy.
      
   End-point resources in the proxy are kept active for the period
   also indicated by the lifetime parameter.  But unless the end-point 
   needs to refreshing the data with update message, the data will be 
   kept in this lifetime. Then the data will be delete automatically as
   expired. 
   
   The discovery interface is specified as follows:

   Interaction:  EP -> Proxy

   Path:  /.well-known/core 

   Method:  POST

   Content-Type:  application/link-format

   Parameters:

      Lifetime (lt):  Lifetime of the registration in seconds.  Range of
         60-4294967295.  If no lifetime is included, the value will be a
         default lifetime, (e.g.3600seconds)

      Host (h):  The host identifier or name of the registering node.
         The maximum length of this parameter is 63 octets.  This
         parameter is combined with the Instance parameter (if any) to
         form the end-point name.  If not included, the proxy MUST 
         generate a unique Host name on behalf of the node.

      Instance (ins):  The instance of the end-point on this host, if
         there are multiple.  The maximum length of this parameter is 63
         octets.

      Type (rt):  The semantic type of end-point.  The maximum length of
         this parameter is 63 octets.

         
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   Success:  2.01 "Created".  The Location header of the new resource
      entry for the end-point could be e.g. in the form /{rd-base}/
      {end-point name}

   Failure:  4.00 "Bad Request".  Malformed request.

   Failure:  5.03 "Service Unavailable".  Service could not perform the
      operation.
      
      
      
      
3.2 Example

   The following example shows an end-point with the name "node1" POST 
   temperature resource to a proxy using this interface.

    End-point                                            Neighbor
        |                                              (as a proxy)
        | --- POST /.well-known/core?rt=core-rd------->   |
        |                                                 |
        |                                                 |
        | <-- 2.01 Created Location: /rd/node1 ---------  |
        |                                                 |
                
   Req: POST coap://[ff02::1]/.well-known/core?rt=core-rd
   Payload:
   </sensors/temp>;ct=41;rt="TemperatureC";if="sensor",
   
   Res: 2.01 Created
   Location: /rd/node1
   
      
   The second example shows an end-point with the name "node2" POST 
   video resource to a proxy using this interface, but proxy cannot 
   support this application data. 

    End-point                                            Neighbor
        |                                              (as a proxy)
        | --- POST /.well-known/core?rt=core-rd------->   |
        |                                                 |
        |                                                 |
        | <-- 4.00 Bad Request---------------- ---------  |
        |                                                 |

   Req: POST coap://[ff02::1]/.well-known/core?rt=core-rd
   Payload:
   </sensors/temp>;ct=41;rt="video";if="sensor",
   
   Res: 4.00 Bad Request
       

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4.  Security Considerations

   TBD.


5.  IANA Considerations

   This document does not require any IANA actions.




6.  Normative References

   [I-D.shelby-core-coap-req]
              Shelby, Z., Stuber, M., Sturek, D., Frank, B., and R.
              Kelsey, "CoAP Requirements and Features",
              draft-shelby-core-coap-req-01 (work in progress),
              April 2010.
            
   [I-D.ietf-core-coap]
              Shelby, Z., Hartke, K., Bormann, C., and B. Frank,
              "Constrained Application Protocol (CoAP)",
              draft-ietf-core-coap-06 , May 2011.
              
   [I-D.ietf-core-link-format]
              Shelby, Z., "CoRE Link Format",
              draft-ietf-core-link-format-07,July 2011.
            
   [I-D.bormann-core-simple-server-discovery]
              Bormann, C.,"CoRE Simple Server Discovery"
              draft-bormann-core-simple-server-discovery-00, June, 2011
              
   [I-D.shelby-core-resource-directory]
              Shelby, Z.,Krco, S., "CoRE Resource Directory"
              draft-shelby-core-resource-directory-01, September, 2011















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Authors' Addresses


   Xuan He
   Yuanchen Ma
   Hitachi R&D China
   301 of North Tower C, Raycom
   @ Kexuyuan Nanlu, Haidian District
   Beijing 100190
   China

   Email: 
   xhe@hitachi.cn
   ycma@hitachi.cn

   Zhen Cao
   China Mobile
   Unit2, 28 Xuanwumenxi Ave,Xuanwu District
   Beijing 100053
   China

   Email: zehn.cao@gmail.com


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