Internet DRAFT - draft-bierman-netmod-system-mgmt

draft-bierman-netmod-system-mgmt






Network Working Group                                         A. Bierman
Internet-Draft                                                   Brocade
Intended status: Standards Track                            M. Bjorklund
Expires: May 2, 2012                                      Tail-f Systems
                                                        October 30, 2011


                 YANG Data Model for System Management
                  draft-bierman-netmod-system-mgmt-01

Abstract

   This document defines a YANG data model for the configuration and
   identification of the management system of a device.

Status of this Memo

   This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the
   provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79.

   Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering
   Task Force (IETF).  Note that other groups may also distribute
   working documents as Internet-Drafts.  The list of current Internet-
   Drafts is at http://datatracker.ietf.org/drafts/current/.

   Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months
   and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any
   time.  It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference
   material or to cite them other than as "work in progress."

   This Internet-Draft will expire on May 2, 2012.

Copyright Notice

   Copyright (c) 2011 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the
   document authors.  All rights reserved.

   This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal
   Provisions Relating to IETF Documents
   (http://trustee.ietf.org/license-info) in effect on the date of
   publication of this document.  Please review these documents
   carefully, as they describe your rights and restrictions with respect
   to this document.  Code Components extracted from this document must
   include Simplified BSD License text as described in Section 4.e of
   the Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without warranty as
   described in the Simplified BSD License.





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Table of Contents

   1.  Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  3
     1.1.  Terminology  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  3
       1.1.1.  Terms  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  3
   2.  Objectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  4
     2.1.  System Identification  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  4
     2.2.  System Time Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  4
     2.3.  User Authentication  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  4
   3.  System Data Model  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  5
     3.1.  System Identification  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  5
     3.2.  System Time Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  5
     3.3.  DNS Resolver Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  5
     3.4.  User Authentication Model  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  6
       3.4.1.  SSH Public Key Authentication  . . . . . . . . . . . .  7
       3.4.2.  Local User Password Authentication . . . . . . . . . .  7
       3.4.3.  RADIUS Password Authentication . . . . . . . . . . . .  8
     3.5.  System Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  8
   4.  System YANG module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  9
   5.  IANA Considerations  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
   6.  Security Considerations  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
   7.  Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
   Authors' Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27




























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1.  Introduction

   This document defines a YANG [RFC6020] data model for the
   configuration and identification of the management system of a
   device.

   Devices that are managed by NETCONF and perhaps other mechanisms have
   common properties that need to be configured and monitored in a
   standard way.

   The YANG module defined in this document provides the following
   features:

   o  system administrative data configuration

   o  system identification monitoring

   o  system time-of-day configuration and monitoring

   o  user authentication configuration

   o  local users configuration

1.1.  Terminology

   The keywords "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
   "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "NOT RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and
   "OPTIONAL" in this document are to be interpreted as described in BCP
   14, [RFC2119].

1.1.1.  Terms

   The following terms are used within this document:

   o  system: This term refers to the embodiment of the entire set of
      management interfaces that a single NETCONF server is supporting
      at a given moment.  The set of physical entities managed by a
      single NETCONF server can be static or it can change dynamically.













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2.  Objectives

2.1.  System Identification

   There are many common properties used to identify devices, operating
   systems, software versions, etc. that need to be supported in the
   system data module.  These objects are defined as operational data
   and intended to be specific to the device vendor.

   Some user-configurable administrative strings are also provided such
   as the system location and description.

2.2.  System Time Management

   The management of the date and time used by the system need to be
   supported.  Use of one or more NTP servers to automatically set the
   system date and time need to be possible.  Utilization of the
   Timezone database [I-D.lear-iana-timezone-database] also need to be
   supported.

2.3.  User Authentication

   The authentication mechanism need to support password authentication
   over RADIUS, to support deployment scenarios with centralized
   authentication servers.  Additionally, local users need to be
   supported, for scenarios when no centralized authentication server
   exists, or for situations where the centralized authentication server
   cannot be reached from the device.

   Since the mandatory transport protocol for NETCONF is SSH [RFC6242]
   the authentication model need to support SSH's "publickey" and
   "password" authentication methods [RFC4252].

   The model for authentication configuration should be flexible enough
   to support authentication methods defined by other standard documents
   or by vendors.















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3.  System Data Model

3.1.  System Identification

   The data model for system identification has the following structure:

      +--rw system
         +--rw contact?          string
         +--rw name?             string
         +--rw location?         string
         +--ro platform
            +--ro os-name?       string
            +--ro os-release?    string
            +--ro os-version?    string
            +--ro machine?       string
            +--ro nodename?      string

3.2.  System Time Management

   The data model for system time management has the following
   structure:

      +--rw system
         +--rw clock
         |  +--ro current-datetime?      yang:date-and-time
         |  +--ro boot-datetime?         yang:date-and-time
         |  +--rw (timezone)?
         |     +--:(timezone-location)
         |     |  +--rw timezone-location?     string
         |     +--:(timezone-name)
         |     |  +--rw timezone-name?         string
         |     +--:(timezone-utc-offset)
         |        +--rw timezone-utc-offset?   int16
         +--rw ntp
            +--rw use-ntp?      boolean
            +--rw ntp-server [address]
               +--rw address    inet:host

3.3.  DNS Resolver Model

   The data model for configuration of the DNS resolver has the
   following structure:









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      +--rw system
         +--rw dns
            +--rw search*    inet:host
            +--rw server*    inet:ip-address
            +--rw options
               +--rw ndots?      uint8
               +--rw timeout?    uint8
               +--rw attempts?   uint8

3.4.  User Authentication Model

   This document defines three authentication methods for use with
   NETCONF:

   o  publickey for local users over SSH

   o  password for local users over any transport

   o  password for RADIUS users over any transport

   Additional methods can be defined by other standard documents or by
   vendors.

   This document defines two optional YANG features, "local-users" and
   "radius", which the server advertises to indicate support for
   configuring local users on the device, and for configuring RADIUS
   access, respectively.

   The authentication parameters defined in this document are primarily
   used to configure authentication of NETCONF users, but MAY also be
   used by other interfaces, e.g., a Command Line Interface or a Web-
   based User Interface.

   The data model for user authentication has the following structure:

















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      +--rw system
         +--rw authentication
            +--rw user-authentication-order*   identityref
            +--rw radius
            |  +--rw server [address]
            |  |  +--rw address          inet:host
            |  |  +--rw port?            inet:port-number
            |  |  +--rw shared-secret?   string
            |  +--rw options
            |     +--rw timeout?    uint8
            |     +--rw attempts?   uint8
            +--rw user [name]
               +--rw name        string
               +--rw password?   crypt-hash
               +--rw ssh-dsa?    binary
               +--rw ssh-rsa?    binary

3.4.1.  SSH Public Key Authentication

   If the NETCONF server advertises the "local-users" feature,
   configuration of local users and their SSH public keys is supported
   in the /system/authentication/user list.

   Public key authentication is requested by the SSH client.  If the
   "local-users" feature is supported, then when a NETCONF client starts
   an SSH session towards the server using the "publickey"
   authentication "method name" [RFC4252], the SSH server looks up the
   user name given in the SSH authentication request in the /system/
   authentication/user list, and verifies the key as described in
   [RFC4253].

3.4.2.  Local User Password Authentication

   If the NETCONF server advertises the "local-users" feature,
   configuration of local users and their passwords is supported in the
   /system/authentication/user list.

   For NETCONF transport protocols that support password authentication,
   the leaf-list "user-authentication-order" is used to control if local
   user password authentication should be used.

   In SSH, password authentication is requested by the client.  Other
   NETCONF transport protocols MAY also support password authentication.

   When local user password authentication is requested, the NETCONF
   transport looks up the user name provided by the client in the
   /system/ authentication/user list, and verifies the password.




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3.4.3.  RADIUS Password Authentication

   If the NETCONF server advertises the "radius" feature, the device
   supports user authentication RADIUS.

   For NETCONF transport protocols that support password authentication,
   the leaf-list "user-authentication-order" is used to control if
   RADIUS password authentication should be used.

   In SSH, password authentication is requested by the client.  Other
   NETCONF transport protocols MAY also support password authentication.

3.5.  System Control

   Two protocol operations are included to restart or shutdown the
   system.  The 'system-restart' operation can be used to restart the
   entire system (not just the NETCONF server).  The 'system-shutdown'
   operation can be used to power off the entire system.

































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4.  System YANG module

   RFC Ed.: update the date below with the date of RFC publication and
   remove this note.

   This YANG module imports YANG extensions from
   [I-D.ietf-netconf-access-control], imports YANG types from [RFC6021],
   and references [RFC1321], [RFC2865], [RFC3418], [RFC5607],
   [IEEE-1003.1-2008], and [FIPS.180-3.2008].

   <CODE BEGINS> file "ietf-system@2011-10-30.yang"

  module ietf-system {
    namespace "urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-system";
    prefix "sys";

    import ietf-yang-types {
      prefix yang;
    }

    import ietf-inet-types {
      prefix inet;
    }

    import ietf-netconf-acm {
      prefix nacm;
    }

    organization
      "IETF NETMOD (NETCONF Data Modeling Language) Working Group";

    contact
      "WG Web:   <http://tools.ietf.org/wg/netmod/>
       WG List:  <mailto:netmod@ietf.org>

       WG Chair: David Kessens
                 <mailto:david.kessens@nsn.com>

       WG Chair: Juergen Schoenwaelder
                 <mailto:j.schoenwaelder@jacobs-university.de>

       Editor:   Andy Bierman
                 <mailto:andy.bierman@brocade.com>

       Editor:   Martin Bjorklund
                 <mailto:mbj@tail-f.com>";

    description



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      "This module contains a collection of YANG definitions for the
       configuration and identification of the management system of a
       device.

       Copyright (c) 2011 IETF Trust and the persons identified as
       authors of the code.  All rights reserved.

       Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or
       without modification, is permitted pursuant to, and subject
       to the license terms contained in, the Simplified BSD License
       set forth in Section 4.c of the IETF Trust's Legal Provisions
       Relating to IETF Documents
       (http://trustee.ietf.org/license-info).

       This version of this YANG module is part of RFC XXXX; see
       the RFC itself for full legal notices.";

    // RFC Ed.: replace XXXX with actual RFC number and remove this
    // note.

    // RFC Ed.: remove this note
    // Note: extracted from draft-bierman-netmod-system-mgmt-01.txt

    // RFC Ed.: update the date below with the date of RFC publication
    // and remove this note.
    revision 2011-10-30 {
      description
        "Initial revision.";
      reference
        "RFC XXXX: A YANG Data Model for System Management";
    }

    /*
     * Typedefs
     */

     typedef crypt-hash {
       type string {
         pattern "$0$.* | $1|5|6$[a-zA-Z0-9./]{2,16}$.*";
       }
       description
         "The crypt-hash type is used to store passwords using
          a hash function.  This type is implemented in various UNIX
          systems as the function crypt(3).

          When a clear text value is set to a leaf of this type, the
          server calculates a password hash, and stores the result
          in the datastore.  Thus, the password is never stored in



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          clear text.

          When a leaf of this type is read, the stored password hash is
          returned.

          A value of this type matches one of the forms:

            $0$<clear text password>
            $<id>$<salt>$<password hash>

         The '$0$' prefix signals that the value is clear text.  When
         such a value is received by the server, a hash value is
         calculated, and the string '$<id>$<salt>$' is prepended to the
         result, where <salt> is a random 2-16 characters long salt
         used to generate the digest.  This value is stored in the
         configuration data store.

         If a value starting with '$<id>$<salt>$' is received, the
         server knows that the value already represents a hashed value,
         and stores it as is in the data store.

         When a server needs to verify a password given by a user, it
         finds the stored password hash string for that user, extracts
         the salt, and calculates the hash with the salt and given
         password as input.  If the calculated hash value is the same
         as the stored value, the password given by the client is
         correct.

         This type defines the following hash functions:

           id | hash function | feature
           ---+---------------+-------------------
            1 | MD5           | crypt-hash-md5
            5 | SHA-256       | crypt-hash-sha-256
            6 | SHA-512       | crypt-hash-sha-512

         The server indicates support for the different hash functions
         by advertising the corresponding feature.";
       reference
         "IEEE Std 1003.1-2008 - crypt() function
          Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crypt_(Unix)
          RFC 1321: The MD5 Message-Digest Algorithm
          FIPS.180-3.2008: Secure Hash Standard";
     }

    /*
     * Features
     */



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    feature authentication {
      description
        "Indicates that the device can be configured
         to do authentication of users.";
    }

    feature radius {
      if-feature authentication;
      description
        "Indicates that the device can be
         configured to act as a NAS and authenticate users
         with RADIUS.";
      reference
        "RFC 2865: Remote Authentication Dial In User Service (RADIUS)
         RFC 5607: Remote Authentication Dial-In User Service (RADIUS)
                   Authorization for Network Access Server (NAS)
                   Management";
    }

    feature local-users {
      if-feature authentication;
      description
        "Indicates that the device supports
         local user authentication.";
    }

    feature crypt-hash-md5 {
      description
        "Indicates that the device supports the MD5
         hash function in 'crypt-hash' values";
      reference "RFC 1321: The MD5 Message-Digest Algorithm";
    }

    feature crypt-hash-sha-256 {
      description
        "Indicates that the device supports the SHA-256
         hash function in 'crypt-hash' values";
      reference "FIPS.180-3.2008: Secure Hash Standard";
    }

    feature crypt-hash-sha-512 {
      description
        "Indicates that the device supports the SHA-512
         hash function in 'crypt-hash' values";
      reference "FIPS.180-3.2008: Secure Hash Standard";
    }

    feature ntp {



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      description
        "Indicates that the device can be configured
         to use one or more NTP servers to set the
         system date and time.";
    }

    feature timezone-location {
      description
        "Indicates that the local timezone on the device
         can be configured to use the TZ database
         to set the timezone and manage daylight savings time.";
      reference
        "TZ Database  http://www.twinsun.com/tz/tz-link.htm
         Maintaining the Timezone Database
         http://www.ietf.org/id/draft-lear-iana-timezone-database-04.txt
        ";
    }

    feature timezone-name {
      description
        "Indicates that the local timezone on the device
         can be configured using the timezone enumeration
         strings as an alias for an UTC offset.";
      reference
        "Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/"
      + "List_of_time_zone_abbreviations";
    }

    /*
     * Identities
     */

    identity authentication-method {
      description
        "Base identity for user authentication methods.";
    }

    identity radius {
      base authentication-method;
      description
        "Indicates user authentication using RADIUS.";
      reference
        "RFC 2865: Remote Authentication Dial In User Service (RADIUS)
         RFC 5607: Remote Authentication Dial-In User Service (RADIUS)
                   Authorization for Network Access Server (NAS)
                   Management";
    }




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    identity local-users {
      base authentication-method;
      description
        "Indicates password-based authentication of locally
         configured users.";
    }


    /*
     * Top-level container
     */

    container system {
      description
        "System group configuration.";

      leaf contact {
        type string {
          length "0..255";
        }
        default "";
        reference
          "RFC 3418 - Management Information Base (MIB) for the
                      Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)
                      SNMPv2-MIB.sysContact";
      }

      leaf name {
        type string {
          length "0..255";
        }
        default "";
        reference
          "RFC 3418 - Management Information Base (MIB) for the
                      Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)
                      SNMPv2-MIB.sysName";
      }

      leaf location {
        type string {
          length "0..255";
        }
        default "";
        reference
          "RFC 3418 - Management Information Base (MIB) for the
                      Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)
                      SNMPv2-MIB.sysLocation";
      }



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      container platform {
        description
          "Contains vendor-specific information for
           identifying the system platform and operating system.";
        reference
          "IEEE Std 1003.1-2008 - sys/utsname.h";

        config false;

        leaf os-name {
          type string;
          description
            "The name of the operating system in use,
             for example 'Linux'";
          reference
            "IEEE Std 1003.1-2008 - utsname.sysname";
        }

        leaf os-release {
          type string;
          description
            "The current release level of the operating
             system in use.  This string MAY indicate
             the OS source code revision.";
          reference
            "IEEE Std 1003.1-2008 - utsname.release";
        }

        leaf os-version {
          type string;
          description
            "The current version level of the operating
             system in use.  This string MAY indicate
             the specific OS build date and target variant
             information.";
          reference
            "IEEE Std 1003.1-2008 - utsname.version";
        }

        leaf machine {
          type string;
          description
            "A vendor-specific identifier string representing
             the hardware in use.";
          reference
            "IEEE Std 1003.1-2008 - utsname.machine";
        }




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        leaf nodename {
          type string;
          description
            "The host name of this system.";
          reference
            "IEEE Std 1003.1-2008 - utsname.nodename";
        }
      }

      container clock {
        description
          "Configuration and monitoring of the system
           date and time properties.";

        leaf current-datetime {
          description
            "The current system date and time.";
          type yang:date-and-time;
          config false;
        }

        leaf boot-datetime {
          description
            "The system date and time when the NETCONF
             server last restarted.";
          type yang:date-and-time;
          config false;
        }

        choice timezone {
          description
            "Configure the system timezone information.";

          leaf timezone-location {
            if-feature timezone-location;
            description
              "The TZ database location identifier string
               to use for the system, such as 'Europe/Stockholm'.";
            type string;
          }

          leaf timezone-name {
            if-feature timezone-name;
            description
              "The timezone enumeration string to use
               for the system, such as 'CET'.";
            type string;
            // FIXME: use TimezoneEnum typedef instead



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            // see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/
            //           List_of_time_zone_abbreviations
          }

          leaf timezone-utc-offset {
            description
              "The number of minutes to add to UTC time to
               identify the timezone for this system.
               For example, 'UTC - 8:00 hours' would be
               represented as '-480'.";
            type int16 {
              range "-1439 .. 1439";
            }
          }
        }
      }

      container ntp {
        if-feature ntp;

        description
          "Configuration of the NTP client.
           FIXME: should NTP server mode be supported here,
           or in a submodule?  Should NTP client and server
           mode be kept together in the same container?";

        leaf use-ntp {
          description
            "Indicates that the system should attempt
             to synchronize the system clock with an
             NTP server from the 'ntp-server' list.";
          type boolean;
          default true;
        }

        list ntp-server {
          description
            "List of NTP servers to use for
             system clock synchronization.  If 'use-ntp'
             is 'true', then the system will attempt to
             contact and utilize the specified NTP servers.";

          key address;

          leaf address {
            description
              "The IP address or domain name of the NTP server.";
            type inet:host;



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          }
        }
      }

      container dns {
        description
          "Configuration of the DNS resolver.";

        leaf-list search {
          type inet:host;
          ordered-by user;
        }
        leaf-list server {
          type inet:ip-address;
          ordered-by user;
          description
            "Addresses of the name servers that the resolver should
             query.

             Implementations MAY limit the number of entries in this
             leaf list.";
        }
        container options {
          description
            "Resolver options.  The set of available options has been
             limited to those that are generally available across
             different resolver implementations, and generally useful.";
          leaf ndots {
            type uint8;
            default "1";
          }
          leaf timeout {
            type uint8;
            units "seconds";
            default "5";
          }
          leaf attempts {
            type uint8;
            default "2";
          }
        }
      }

      container authentication {
        nacm:default-deny-write;
        if-feature authentication;

         description



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           "The authentication configuration subtree.";

         leaf-list user-authentication-order {
           type identityref {
             base authentication-method;
           }
           must '(. = "sys:radius" and ../radius/server) or'
              + '(. != "sys:radius")' {
             error-message
               "When 'radius' is used, a radius server
                must be configured.";
           }
           ordered-by user;

           description
             "When the device authenticates a user with
              a password, it tries the authentication methods in this
              leaf-list in order.  If authentication with one method
              fails, the next method is used.  If no method succeeds,
              the user is denied access.

              If the 'radius' feature is advertised by the NETCONF
              server, the 'radius' identity can be added to this
              list.

              If the 'local-users' feature is advertised by the
              NETCONF server, the 'local-users' identity can be
              added to this list.";
         }

         container radius {
           if-feature radius;

           description
             "The RADIUS configuration for authentication.";

           list server {
             key address;
             ordered-by user;

             description
               "The RADIUS server configuration used by
                the device.";

             leaf address {
               type inet:host;
               description
                 "The address of the RADIUS server.";



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             }
             leaf port {
               type inet:port-number;
               default "1812";
               description
                "The port number of the RADIUS server.";
             }
             leaf shared-secret {
               type string;
               nacm:default-deny-all;
               description
                 "The shared secret which is known to both the RADIUS
                  client and server.";
               reference
                 "RFC 2865: Remote Authentication Dial In User Service";
             }
           }
           container options {
             description
               "RADIUS client options.";

             leaf timeout {
               type uint8;
               units "seconds";
               default "5";
               description
                 "The number of seconds the device will wait for a
                  response from a RADIUS server before trying with a
                  different server.";
             }
             leaf attempts {
               type uint8;
               default "2";
               description
                 "The number of times the device will send a query to
                  the RADIUS servers before giving up.";
             }
           }
         }

         list user {
           if-feature local-users;
           key name;

           description
             "The list of local users configured on this device.";

           leaf name {



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             type string;
             description
              "The user name string identifying this entry.";
           }
           leaf password {
             type crypt-hash;
             description
               "The password for this entry.";
           }
           leaf ssh-dsa {
             type binary;
             description
               "The public DSA key for this entry.";
           }
           leaf ssh-rsa {
             type binary;
             description
               "The public RSA key for this entry.";
           }
         }
       }
    }

    rpc set-current-datetime {
      nacm:default-deny-all;
      description
        "Manually set the /system/clock/current-datetime leaf
         to the specified value.

         If the /system/ntp/ntp-in-use leaf exists and
         is set to 'true', then this operation will
         fail with error-tag 'operation-failed',
         and error-app-tag value of 'ntp-active'";
      input {
        leaf current-datetime {
          description
            "The current system date and time.";
          type yang:date-and-time;
          mandatory true;
        }
      }
    }

    rpc system-restart {
      nacm:default-deny-all;
      description
        "Request that the entire system be restarted immediately.
         A server SHOULD send an rpc reply to the client before



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         restarting the system.";
    }

    rpc system-shutdown {
      nacm:default-deny-all;
      description
        "Request that the entire system be shut down immediately.
         A server SHOULD send an rpc reply to the client before
         shutting down the system.";
    }


  }



   <CODE ENDS>


































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5.  IANA Considerations

   This document registers a URI in the IETF XML registry [RFC3688].
   Following the format in RFC 3688, the following registration is
   requested to be made.

        URI: urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-system

        Registrant Contact: The NETMOD WG of the IETF.

        XML: N/A, the requested URI is an XML namespace.

   This document registers a YANG module in the YANG Module Names
   registry [RFC6020].

     name:         ietf-system
     namespace:    urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-system
     prefix:       sys
     reference:    RFC XXXX
































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6.  Security Considerations

   TBD.
















































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7.  Normative References

   [FIPS.180-3.2008]
              National Institute of Standards and Technology, "Secure
              Hash Standard", FIPS PUB 180-3, October 2008, <http://
              csrc.nist.gov/publications/fips/fips180-3/
              fips180-3_final.pdf>.

   [I-D.ietf-netconf-access-control]
              Bierman, A. and M. Bjorklund, "Network Configuration
              Protocol (NETCONF) Access Control Model",
              draft-ietf-netconf-access-control-05 (work in progress),
              October 2011.

   [I-D.lear-iana-timezone-database]
              Lear, E. and P. Eggert, "IANA Procedures for Maintaining
              the Timezone Database",
              draft-lear-iana-timezone-database-04 (work in progress),
              May 2011.

   [IEEE-1003.1-2008]
              Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers,
              "POSIX.1-2008", IEEE Standard 1003.1, March 2008.

   [RFC1321]  Rivest, R., "The MD5 Message-Digest Algorithm", RFC 1321,
              April 1992.

   [RFC2119]  Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
              Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997.

   [RFC2865]  Rigney, C., Willens, S., Rubens, A., and W. Simpson,
              "Remote Authentication Dial In User Service (RADIUS)",
              RFC 2865, June 2000.

   [RFC3418]  Presuhn, R., "Management Information Base (MIB) for the
              Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)", STD 62,
              RFC 3418, December 2002.

   [RFC3688]  Mealling, M., "The IETF XML Registry", BCP 81, RFC 3688,
              January 2004.

   [RFC4252]  Ylonen, T. and C. Lonvick, "The Secure Shell (SSH)
              Authentication Protocol", RFC 4252, January 2006.

   [RFC4253]  Ylonen, T. and C. Lonvick, "The Secure Shell (SSH)
              Transport Layer Protocol", RFC 4253, January 2006.

   [RFC5607]  Nelson, D. and G. Weber, "Remote Authentication Dial-In



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              User Service (RADIUS) Authorization for Network Access
              Server (NAS) Management", RFC 5607, July 2009.

   [RFC6020]  Bjorklund, M., "YANG - A Data Modeling Language for the
              Network Configuration Protocol (NETCONF)", RFC 6020,
              October 2010.

   [RFC6021]  Schoenwaelder, J., "Common YANG Data Types", RFC 6021,
              October 2010.

   [RFC6242]  Wasserman, M., "Using the NETCONF Protocol over Secure
              Shell (SSH)", RFC 6242, June 2011.







































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Authors' Addresses

   Andy Bierman
   Brocade

   Email: andy.bierman@brocade.com


   Martin Bjorklund
   Tail-f Systems

   Email: mbj@tail-f.com







































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