Internet DRAFT - draft-belyavskiy-certificate-limitation-policy

draft-belyavskiy-certificate-limitation-policy







Network Working Group
Internet-Draft                                                       TCI
Intended status: Experimental                          November 25, 2018
Expires: May 29, 2019


                     Certificate Limitation Policy
           draft-belyavskiy-certificate-limitation-policy-07

Abstract

   The document provides a specification of the application-level trust
   model.  Being provided at the application level, the limitations of
   trust can be distributed separately using cryptographically protected
   format instead of hardcoding the checks into the application itself.

Status of This Memo

   This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the
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   This Internet-Draft will expire on May 29, 2019.

Copyright Notice

   Copyright (c) 2018 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the
   document authors.  All rights reserved.

   This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal
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   described in the Simplified BSD License.




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1.  Introduction

   Binary trust model standardized as a set of trusted anchors and CRLs/
   OCSP services does not cover all corner cases in the modern crypto
   world.  There is a need in more differentiated limitations.  Some of
   them are suggested [1] by Google when it limits the usage of
   Symantec's certificates.  The CRL profile does not fit the purpose of
   such limitations.  The CRLs are issued by the same CAs that are
   subject to be limited.

   Currently the set of CAs trusted by OS or browsers can be used for
   the validation purposes.  In case when a large enough CA becomes
   untrusted, it cannot be deleted from the storage of trusted CAs
   because it may cause error of validation of many certificates.  The
   measures usually taken in such cases usually include application-
   level limitation of certificates lifetimes, refusing to accept EV-
   certificates in other way than DV, requirements to use Certificate
   Transparency, etc.

   This document suggests a cryptographically signed format dubbed
   Certificate Limitation Profile (CLP) designed for description of such
   limitations.  This format can be used by applications that use
   system-wide set of trust anchors for validating purposes or by
   applications with own wide enough set of trusted anchors in case when
   the trust anchor for the entity found misbehaving cannot be revoked.

   Currently the only way to provide such limitations is hard coding
   them in application itself.  Using of CLPs does not allow to
   completely avoid hard coding but allows to hard code only the minimal
   set of rarely changing data:

      the fact that application uses CLP

      the certificate to verify the signature under the CLP file

      minimal date of the CLP to be used for the current version of
      application.

   It will be possible to move the checks for the limitations to the
   external cryptographical libraries, such as OpenSSL, instead of
   checking them at the application level.

2.  Certificate Limitations Profile

   A proposed syntax and overall structure of CLP is very similar to the
   one defined for CRLs [2].





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      CertificateList  ::=  SEQUENCE  {
           tbsCertList          TBSCertList,
           signatureAlgorithm   AlgorithmIdentifier,
           signatureValue       BIT STRING  }

      TBSCertList  ::=  SEQUENCE  {
           version                 Version,
           signature               AlgorithmIdentifier,
           issuer                  Name,
           thisUpdate              Time,
           nextUpdate              Time,
           limitedCertificates     SEQUENCE OF SEQUENCE  {
                userCertificate         CertificateSerialNumber,
                certificateIssuer       Name,
                limitationDate          Time,
                limitationPropagation   Enum,
                fingerprint SEQUENCE {
                    fingerprintAlgorithm AlgorithmIdentifier,
                    fingerprintValue     OCTET STRING
                                     } OPTIONAL,
                limitations          Limitations,
                                   } OPTIONAL,
                                 };

      Limitations  ::=  SEQUENCE SIZE (1..MAX) OF Limitation

      Limitation  ::=  SEQUENCE  {
           limitID      OBJECT IDENTIFIER,
           LimitationValue   OCTET STRING
                       -- contains the DER encoding of an ASN.1 value
                       -- corresponding to the limitation type
                       -- identified by limitID
           }


   The ASN.1 format of particular limitations is provided in the
   corresponding sections.  Anywhere below the Time in ASN.1 notation is
   treated according to RFC 5280:

      Time ::= CHOICE {
           utcTime        UTCTime,
           generalTime    GeneralizedTime }

2.1.  CLP fields

   CLP has general structure similar to CRLs.  The upper-level fields
   are:




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      TBSCertList - the sequence of individual certificates to be
      limited;

      signatureAlgorithm - the OID of the signature algorithm used for
      signature;

      signatureValue - the bit string representing signature of the
      TBSCertList.

2.2.  CLP signature

   The key used for signing the CLP files should have a special Key
   Usage value and/or an Extended Key Usage value.

2.3.  CLP entry fields

   Each entry in list contains the following fields:

      The issuer of the certificate with limited trust.

      The serial of the certificate with limited trust.

      The fingerprint of the certificate with limited trust (optional).

   and a subset of the following limitations:

      issuedNotAfter - do not trust the certs issued after the specified
      date

      trustNotAfter - do not trust the certs after the specified date

      validityPeriod, days - take minimal value from "native" validity
      period and specified in the limitation file

      ignoredX509Extensions - list of X.509 extensions of limited
      certificate that MUST be ignored for the specified certificate
      (e.g.  EV-indicating extensions)

      requiredX509extensions - list of X.509 extensions that MUST be
      present in the certificate to be trusted.

      requiredNativeChecking - list of the CA-provided checks that MUST
      be applied

      applicationNameConstraints - list of domains allowed to be issued
      by this certificate





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      excludedIssueIntermediatory - disallow issuing of the
      Intermediatory certificates

   The limitations are identified by OIDs

2.3.1.  Limitations

2.3.1.1.  issuedNotAfter

   When this limitation is present, any certificate matching the entry
   and issued after the specified date MUST NOT be trusted

   The issuedNotAfter limitation is identified by OID TBA.

   issuedNotAfter ::= SEQUENCE {
       IssuedNotAfter    Time
   }

2.3.1.2.  trustNotAfter

   When this limitation is present, any certificate matching the entry
   MUST NOT be trusted after the specified date.

   The trustNotAfter limitation is identified by OID TBA.

   trustNotAfter ::= SEQUENCE {
       TrustNotAfter    Time
   }

2.3.1.3.  validityPeriod

   When this limitation is present, no certificate matching the entry
   should be treated as valid after specified period from its validFrom.

   The validityPeriod is measured in days.

   The validityPeriod limitation is identified by OID TBA.

   validityPeriod ::= SEQUENCE {
       Days INTEGER
   }

2.3.1.4.  ignoredX509Extensions

   When this limitation is present, the extensions listed in this
   element should be ignored for the matching certificate.

   The ignoredX509Extensions limitation is identified by OID TBA.



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   ignoredX509Extensions :: = SEQUENCE SIZE (1..MAX) OF ExtenID
   ExtenID :: = OBJECT IDENTIFIER

2.3.1.5.  requiredX509extensions

   When this limitation is present, the extensions listed in this
   element should be present for the matching certificate.

   The requiredX509extensions limitation is identified by OID TBA.

   requiredX509extensions :: = SEQUENCE SIZE (1..MAX) OF ExtenID
   ExtenID :: = OBJECT IDENTIFIER

2.3.1.6.  requiredNativeChecking

   When this limitation is present, it specifies that the certificates
   issued by this CA SHOULD be checked against CRL and/or OCSP,
   depending on contents of the extension.

   The requiredNativeChecking limitation is identified by OID TBA.

   requiredNativeChecking ::= SEQUENCE {
       RequiredCRLChecking BOOLEAN,
       RequiredOCSPChecking BOOLEAN
   }

2.3.1.7.  applicationNameConstraints

   This limitation are applied like Name Constraints [3] limitation
   specified in RFC 5280.

   This section implies 2 variants of checks:

      The list of names that are allowed for the CA to issue
      certificates for

      The list of names that are forbidden for the CA to issue
      certificates for

   The applicationNameConstraints limitation is specified according to
   RFC 5280, 4.2.1.10 and reuses OID specified in RFC 5280.










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         id-ce-nameConstraints OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::=  { id-ce 30 }

         NameConstraints ::= SEQUENCE {
              permittedSubtrees       [0]     GeneralSubtrees OPTIONAL,
              excludedSubtrees        [1]     GeneralSubtrees OPTIONAL }

         GeneralSubtrees ::= SEQUENCE SIZE (1..MAX) OF GeneralSubtree

         GeneralSubtree ::= SEQUENCE {
              base                    GeneralName,
              minimum         [0]     BaseDistance DEFAULT 0,
              maximum         [1]     BaseDistance OPTIONAL }

         BaseDistance ::= INTEGER (0..MAX)

2.3.1.7.1.  excludedIssueIntermediatory

   When this limitation is present, the intermediate certificates issued
   by this CA MUST NOT be trusted.

   The excludedIssueIntermediatory limitation is identified by OID TBA.


3.  Verification of CLP

   The verification of CLP SHOULD be performed by the application.  The
   application should check whether the provided CLP matches the
   internal requirements and is correclty signed by the specified key.

4.  Verification with CLP

   In case of using CLP the checks enforced by CLP should be applied
   after the other checks.

   The limitation provided by CLP MUST NOT extend the trustworthy of the
   checked certificate.

   The limitations are applied after cryptographic validation of the
   certificate and during building its chain of trust.  If the
   certificate or any of its ascendants in the chain of trust matches
   any record in the CLP, the limitations are applied from the ascendant
   to descendants.  The issuedNotAfter and trustNotAfter limitations are
   applied to find out the actual validity periods for the any
   certificate in the chain of trust.  If the CLP prescribes to have a
   particular extension(s) and the certificate does not have it, the
   certificate MUST NOT be trusted.





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   Application MAY use more than one CLPs (e.g. app-wide, set of system-
   wide, user-defined).  When multiple CLPs are in use, the limitations
   are applied simultaneously.

   In case when more than one chain of trust are valid for a
   certificate, if any of this chains is valid after applying the
   limitations, the certificate MUST be treated as valid.

5.  ASN.1 notation

   TBD

6.  Real-world considerations

6.1.  Expected sources and consumers of CLPs

   Public CLPs can be created and distributed by such parties as OS
   vendors, browser vendors and other parties treated as worth trusting.

   Usage of CLPs is reasonable for applications establishing TLS
   connections with unpredictable sets of peers.  The main examples of
   such applications are web-browsers and MTAs.

6.2.  Size limitation

   To avoid uncontrolled growth of CLPs, the limitations are applied to
   root and intermediate CA certificates.

7.  Security considerations

   In case when an application uses CLP, it is recommended to specify
   the minimal date of issuing of the CLP document somewhere in code.
   It allows to avoid an attack of CLP rollback when the stale version
   of CLP is used.

   It is recommended to distribute CLPs using the channels that are used
   for distribution of the applications themselves to avoid possible DoS
   consequences.

   If application checks for fresh CLPs, it SHOULD check that nextUpdate
   field in a fresh one is newer than in the current one.  The
   application MAY accept a CLP with nextUpdate in past.  If an
   application is failing to get updates, then it can continue to run
   with what it has.







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7.1.  Unsigned CLP

   In case of trusted environment signing CLP can be reluctant.  If CLP
   is delivered via application bundle, it can be verified together with
   other application data.  But it makes sense to separate trust to the
   source of the content from trust to the content itself.  On the other
   hand it is not a problem to create a local CLP signed by a locally
   created key.

8.  IANA considerations

   TBD

9.  Acknoledgements

   Special thanks to Rich Salz, Igor Ustinov, Vasily Dolmatov, Stanislav
   Smyishlyaev, Patrik Faeltstroem, Alexander Venedioukhin, Artem
   Chuprina, Viktor Dukhovni.

10.  References

   The current version of the document is available on GitHub
   https://github.com/beldmit/clp

11.  References

11.1.  URIs

   [1] https://groups.google.com/a/chromium.org/forum/#!msg/blink-
       dev/eUAKwjihhBs/rpxMXjZHCQAJ

   [2] https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5280#section-5

   [3] https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5280#section-4.2.1.10

Author's Address

   Dmitry Belyavskiy
   Technical Centre of Internet
   8 Marta str., 1 bld. 12
   Moscow  127083
   RU

   Email: beldmit@gmail.com







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