Internet DRAFT - draft-acee-ospf-geo-location

draft-acee-ospf-geo-location







Network Working Group                                     A. Lindem, Ed.
Internet-Draft                                                   N. Shen
Intended status: Standards Track                                 E. Chen
Expires: April 21, 2018                                    Cisco Systems
                                                        October 18, 2017


   OSPF Extensions for Advertising/Signaling Geo Location Information
                  draft-acee-ospf-geo-location-05.txt

Abstract

   This document specifies an OSPF Router Information (RI) TLV to
   advertise the current Geo Coordinates of the OSPF router.  For Point-
   to-Point (P2P)) and Point-to-Multi-Point (P2MP) networks, the Geo
   Coordinates can be used to dynamically computing the cost to
   neighbors.  This is useful both from the standpoint of auto-
   configuration and situations where the OSPF routers are moving.  The
   Geo Coordinates are also useful for other applications such as
   Traffic Engineering (TE) and network management.

Status of This Memo

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   to this document.  Code Components extracted from this document must
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Table of Contents

   1.  Introduction  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   2
     1.1.  Requirements Notation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   2
   2.  OSPF Geo Coordinates TLV  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   2
   3.  Link Advertisement of the OSPF Geo-Coordinates  . . . . . . .   4
   4.  OSPFv2 Router Information (RI) Opaque LSA . . . . . . . . . .   5
   5.  Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   5
   6.  Privacy Considerations  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   5
   7.  IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   6
   8.  References  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   6
     8.1.  Normative References  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   6
     8.2.  Informative References  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   6
   Appendix A.  Acknowledgments  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   7
   Authors' Addresses  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   7

1.  Introduction

   This document specifies an OSPF Router Information (RI) [OSPF-RI] TLV
   to advertise the current Geo Coordinates of the OSPF router.  For
   Point-to-Point (P2P)) and Point-to-Multi-Point (P2MP) networks, the
   Geo Coordinates can be used to dynamically computing the cost to
   neighbors.  This is useful both from the standpoint of auto-
   configuration and situations where the OSPF routers are moving.  The
   Geo Coordinates are also useful for other applications such as
   Traffic Engineering (TE)and network management.

1.1.  Requirements Notation

   The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
   "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this
   document are to be interpreted as described in [RFC-KEYWORDS].

2.  OSPF Geo Coordinates TLV

   The Geo Coordinates TLV can be used to advertise the current location
   of an OSPFv2 [OSPF] or OSPFv3 [OSPFV3] router using the OSPF Router
   Information LSA [OSPF-RI].  The OSPF Router Information LSA can be
   advertised in both link-scoped and area or AS scoped RI LSAs.  The
   fields specify the location of the OSPF router using the WGS-84
   (World Geodetic System) reference coordinate system [WGS84].  The
   value of the Geo Coordinates TLV consists of the following fields:




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    0                   1                   2                   3
    0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |U|N|E|A|M|R|K|    Reserved     |     Location Uncertainty      |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |  Lat Degrees  |        Latitude Milliseconds                  |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |  Long Degrees |        Longitude Milliseconds                 |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |                            Altitude                           |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |             Radius            |          Reserved             |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |         .. Optional Sub-TLVs
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-....

   Where:

    U-bit: If the U-bit is set, it indicates that the "Location
           Uncertainty" field is specified. If the U-bit is clear,
           it indicates the "Location Uncertainty" field is
           unspecified.

    N-bit: If the N-bit is set, it indicates the Latitude is
           north relative to the Equator. If the N-bit is clear,
           it indicates the Latitude is south of the Equator.

    E-bit: If the E-bit is set, it indicates the Longitude is east
           of the Prime Meridian. If the E-bit is clear, it indicates
           the Longitude is west of the Prime Meridian.

    A-bit: If the A-bit is set, it indicates the "Altitude" field is
           specified. If the A-bit is clear, it indicates the
           "Altitude" field is unspecified.

    M-bit: If the M-bit is set, it indicates the "Altitude" is
           specified in meters. If the M-bit is clear, it indicates
           the "Altitude" is in centimeters.

    R-bit: If the R-bit is set, it indicates the "Radius" field is
           specified and the encoding is for a circular area.  If
           the R-bit is clear, it indicates the "Radius" field is
           unspecified and the encoding is for a single point.

    K-bit: If the K-bit is set, it indicates the "Radius" is specified
           in kilometers.  If the K-bit is clear, it indicates the
           "Radius" is in meters.




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    Reserved: These bits are reserved.  They SHOULD be set to 0 when
              sending protocol packets and MUST be ignored when
              receiving protocol packets.

    Location Uncertainty: Unsigned 16-bit integer indicating the
                          number of centimeters of uncertainty for
                          the location.

    Latitude Degrees: Unsigned 8-bit integer with a range of 0 - 90
                      degrees north or south of the Equator (northern
                      or southern hemisphere, respectively).

    Latitude Milliseconds: Unsigned 24-bit integer with a range of
                           0 - 3,599,999 (i.e., less than 60 minutes).

    Longitude Degrees: Unsigned 8-bit integer with a range of 0 - 180
                       degrees east or west of the Prime Meridian.

    Longitude Milliseconds: Unsigned 24-bit integer with a range of
                            0 - 3,599,999 (i.e., less than 60 minutes).

    Altitude: Signed 32-bit integer containing the Height relative to
              sea level in centimeters or meters.  A negative height
              indicates that the location is below sea level.

    Radius: Unsigned 16-bit integer containing the radius of a
            circle centered at the specified coordinates. The radius
            is specified in meters unless the K-bit is specified
            indicating specification in kilometers. If the radius is
            specified, the geo-coordinates specify the entire area
            of the circle defined by the radius and center point.
            While the use cases herein do not make use of this field,
            future use cases may.

    Optional Sub-TLVs: No additional Sub-TLVs are defined in this
                       document.


                         OSPF Geo Coordinates TLV


3.  Link Advertisement of the OSPF Geo-Coordinates

   When the Geo Coordinates are used for cost computation, the
   coordinates need to be advertised on the link using the encoding
   specified in Section 2.  For this application, a link-scoped OSPF
   Router Information (RI) [OSPF-RI] is advertised on each link where
   geo-location cost computation is utilized.



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   When an OSPF router receives the Geo Coordinates TLV in a link-scoped
   OSPF RI LSA from an adjacent neighbor, it can be used to calculate
   the physical distance to neighbor.  For P2P and P2MP networks, this
   distance can be used to dynamically compute the cost of the link to
   that neighbor.  The mapping of the distance to advertised cost is not
   specified in this document.  However, all OSPF routers in the domain
   SHOULD used the same algorithm.  Computation of cost based on
   physical distance can be useful both for autoconfiguration of these
   networks types and dynamic cost computation when the routers are
   moving.

   The Geo location information can be statically provisioned or
   dynamically acquired from a GPS capable device on the OSPF Router.

4.  OSPFv2 Router Information (RI) Opaque LSA

   The OSPF Geo Coordinates TLV may optionally be advertised in the OSPF
   Router Information (RI) LSA [OSPF-RI].  It then may be used for
   applications such as traffic engineering (TE) and network management
   (e.g., the Find-My-Router application).  The details of such
   applications are beyond the scope of this document.

5.  Security Considerations

   Since the Geo Location coordinates provide the exact location of the
   OSPF router, disclosure will make the OSPF router more susceptible to
   physical attacks.  In situations where this is a concern (e.g.,
   military applications), confidentiality should be provided either
   through a secure tunnel (e.g., [IP-ESP]) or protocol encryption
   [OSPFV3-AUTH].

   Additionally, in some situations, the topology of the network is
   considered proprietary information.  With the Geo Location
   coordinates, the physical topology, as well as the IP topology, can
   be discerned from the OSPF Router Information (RI) LSA.  In these
   situations, confidentiality should be assured.

   Security considerations for the base OSPF protocol are covered in
   [OSPF] and [OSPFV3].

6.  Privacy Considerations

   If the location of an OSPF router advertising geo location
   coordinates as described herein can be directly correlated to an
   individual, individuals, or an organization, the location of that
   router should be considered sensitive and OSPF RI LSAs containing
   such geo coordinates should be advertised confidentially as described
   in Section 5.  Additionally, OSPF network management facilities may



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   require added authorization to view the contents of OSPF RI LSAs
   containing geo-Location TLVs.  Refer to [PRIVACY] for more
   information.

   The Uncertainty and Confidence metrics for geo-location information
   as described in [GEO-PIDF-LO] are not included in the Geo Coordinates
   TLV.  In a future document, these may be considered for inclusion
   with additional Geo Location Sub-TLVs dependent on both on
   requirements and adoption of [GEO-PIDF-LO].

7.  IANA Considerations

   The document will require the following IANA actions:

   1.  A Router Information TLV type for the Geo Location TLV will be
       allocated from the OSPF Router Information (RI) TLVs registry.

8.  References

8.1.  Normative References

   [OSPF]     Moy, J., "OSPF Version 2", STD 54, RFC 2328, April 1998.

   [OSPF-RI]  Lindem, A., Shen, N., Vasseur, J., Aggarwal, R., and S.
              Shaffer, "Extensions to OSPF for Advertising Optional
              Router Capabilities", RFC 7770, January 2016.

   [OSPFV3]   Coltun, R., Ferguson, D., Moy, J., and A. Lindem, "OSPF
              for IPv6", RFC 5340, July 2008.

   [RFC-KEYWORDS]
              Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFC's to Indicate
              Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997.

8.2.  Informative References

   [GEO-PIDF-LO]
              Thomson, M. and J. Winterbottom, "Representation of
              Uncertainty and Confidence in the Presence Information
              Data Location Object (PIDF-LO)", RFC 7459, February 2015.

   [IP-ESP]   Kent, S., "IP Encapsulation Security Payload (ESP)", RFC
              4303, December 2005.

   [LISP-GEO]
              Farinacci, D., "LISP Geo-Coordinate Use-Cases", draft-
              farinacci-lisp-geo-03 (work in progress), April 2017.




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   [OSPFV3-AUTH]
              Gupta, M. and S. Melam, "Authentication/Confidentiality
              for OSPFv3", RFC 4552, June 2006.

   [PRIVACY]  Cooper, A., Tschofenig, H., Aboba, B., Peterson, J.,
              Morris, J., Hansen, M., and R. Smith, "Privacy
              Considerations", RFC 6973, July 2013.

   [WGS84]    National Imagery and Mapping Agency, "Department of
              Defense World Geodetic System 1984, Third Edition", NIMA
              TR83500.2, January 2000.

Appendix A.  Acknowledgments

   The RFC text was produced using Marshall Rose's xml2rfc tool.

   The encoding of the Geo location is adapted from "LISP Geo-
   Coordinates Use-Cases" [LISP-GEO].  We would like to thank the
   author, Dino Farinacci, for subsequent discussions.

   Thanks to Yi Yang for review and discussions of the Geo Coordinate
   encoding.

   The use-case for using OSPF to advertise the geo-location in OSPF was
   first mentioned in an OSPF operator-defined TLV draft by Uma
   Chunduri, Xiaohu Xu, Luis M.  Contreras, Mohamed Boucadair, and Luay
   Jalil.

Authors' Addresses

   Acee Lindem (editor)
   Cisco Systems
   301 Midenhall Way
   Cary, NC  27513
   USA

   Email: acee@cisco.com


   Naiming Shen
   Cisco Systems
   821 Alder Drive
   Milpitas, CA  95935
   USA

   Email: naiming@cisco.com





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   Enke Chen
   Cisco Systems
   821 Alder Drive
   Milpitas, CA  95935
   USA

   Email: enkechen@cisco.com












































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