Routing Area Working Group Anil Kumar S N Internet-Draft Gaurav Agrawal Intended status: Standards Track Vinod Kumar S Expires: March 2, 2017 Huawei Technologies C. Bowers Juniper Networks August 29, 2016 Maximally Redundant Trees in Segment Routing draft-agv-rtgwg-spring-segment-routing-mrt-03 Abstract [RFC7812] defines an architecture for IP/LDP Fast Reroute using Maximally Redundant Trees (MRT-FRR). This document extends the use of MRT to provide link and node protection for networks that use segment routing. This document makes use of the inherent support in segment routing for associating segments with different algorithms for computing next hops to reach prefixes. It assigns new Segment Routing Algorithms values corresponding to the MRT-Red and MRT-Blue next-hop computations defined in [RFC7811]. Status of This Memo This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79. Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF). Note that other groups may also distribute working documents as Internet-Drafts. The list of current Internet- Drafts is at http://datatracker.ietf.org/drafts/current/. Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any time. It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference material or to cite them other than as "work in progress." This Internet-Draft will expire on March 2, 2017. Copyright Notice Copyright (c) 2016 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the document authors. All rights reserved. This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal Provisions Relating to IETF Documents (http://trustee.ietf.org/license-info) in effect on the date of Anil Kumar S N, et al. Expires March 2, 2017 [Page 1] Internet-Draft MRT in SR August 2016 publication of this document. Please review these documents carefully, as they describe your rights and restrictions with respect to this document. Code Components extracted from this document must include Simplified BSD License text as described in Section 4.e of the Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without warranty as described in the Simplified BSD License. Table of Contents 1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 2. Requirements Language . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 3. Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 4. MRT for Segment Routing Network . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 4.1. Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 4.2. IGP extensions for MRT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 4.3. SR Algorithm value for MRT-Blue and MRT-Red . . . . . . . 4 4.4. MRT capability advertisement for SR . . . . . . . . . . . 5 4.5. SR MRT SID/Label advertisement . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 4.6. MRT computation for SR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 5. MRT-FRR for destination-based and traffic-engineered SR . . . 6 6. SR MRT Profile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 7. IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 8. Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 9. Acknowledgements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 10. References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 10.1. Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 10.2. Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Authors' Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 1. Introduction MRT is a fast re-route technology that provides 100% coverage for link and nodes failures. This document describes how to use MRT as a FRR technology in a segment routing network. 2. Requirements Language The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this document are to be interpreted as described in [RFC2119] 3. Terminology Redundant Trees (RT): A pair of trees where the path from any node X to the root R along the first tree is node-disjoint with the path from the same node X to the root along the second tree. These can be computed in 2-connected graphs. Anil Kumar S N, et al. Expires March 2, 2017 [Page 2] Internet-Draft MRT in SR August 2016 Maximally Redundant Trees (MRT): A pair of trees where the path from any node X to the root R along the first tree and the path from the same node X to the root along the second tree share the minimum number of nodes and the minimum number of links. Each such shared node is a cut-vertex. Any shared links are cut-links. Any RT is an MRT but many MRTs are not RTs. The two MRTs are referred to as MRT-Blue and MRT-Red. MRT-Red: MRT-Red is used to describe one of the two MRTs; it is used to described the associated forwarding topology and MT-ID. Specifically, MRT-Red is the decreasing MRT where links in the GADAG are taken in the direction from a higher topologically ordered node to a lower one. MRT-Blue: MRT-Blue is used to describe one of the two MRTs; it is used to described the associated forwarding topology and MT-ID. Specifically, MRT-Blue is the increasing MRT where links in the GADAG are taken in the direction from a lower topologically ordered node to a higher one. MRT Island: From the computing router, the set of routers that support a particular MRT profile and are connected via MRT- eligible links. Island Border Router (IBR): A router in the MRT Island that is connected to a router not in the MRT Island and both routers are in a common area or level. Island Neighbor (IN): A router that is not in the MRT Island but is adjacent to an IBR and in the same area/level as the IBR. 4. MRT for Segment Routing Network 4.1. Overview Segment Routing (SR) allows a flexible definition of end-to-end paths within IGP topologies by encoding paths as sequences of topological sub-paths, called "segments". These segments are advertised by the link-state routing protocols (IS-IS and OSPF). Prefix segments represent an ECMP-aware shortest-path to a prefix (or a node), as per the state of the IGP topology. Adjacency segments represent a hop over a specific adjacency between two nodes in the IGP. MRT Fast Reroute requires that packets to be forwarded not only on the shortest-path tree, but also on two Maximally Redundant Trees (MRTs), referred to as the MRT-Blue and the MRT-Red. A router that experiences a local failure must also have predetermined which alternate to use. The MRT algorithm is defined in [RFC7811]. The Anil Kumar S N, et al. Expires March 2, 2017 [Page 3] Internet-Draft MRT in SR August 2016 Default MRT Profile path calculation uses Lowpoint algorithm to calculate Maximally Redundant Trees. To use MRT in Segment Routing network below mentioned capabilities needs to be incorporated in SR node. 1. SR nodes MUST support IGP extensions for MRT. 2. SR nodes MUST support MRT-RED and MRT-BLUE Algorithms. 3. SR nodes MUST advertise it's MRT capability. 4. SR nodes SHOULD send and receive SID/Label for MRT topologies (MRT-RED and MRT-BLUE) for SR segment(s). 5. SR nodes MUST support computation of MRTs. 4.2. IGP extensions for MRT These extensions are to support the distributed computation of Maximally Redundant Trees (MRT). These extensions indicate the MRT profile(s) each router supports. Different MRT profiles can be defined to support different uses and to allow transition of capabilities. To support MRT for SR, a new SR MRT Profile is defined (as defined in section 5 of this document). IGP extensions for MRT[I-D.ietf-isis-mrt] / [I-D.ietf-ospf-mrt]MUST carry SR MRT profile. 4.3. SR Algorithm value for MRT-Blue and MRT-Red Segment routing supports the use of different algorithms for computing paths to reach nodes and prefixes. To accomplish this, every Prefix-SID has a mandatory algorithm field. This Prefix-SID identifies an instruction to forward a packet along the path computed using the algorithm identified in the algorithm field. [I-D.ietf-spring-segment-routing] defines two algorithms, Shortest Path and Strict Shortest Path. [I-D.ietf-isis-segment-routing-extensions] and [I-D.ietf-ospf-segment-routing-extensions] each assign the algorithm values of 0 and 1 to identify these two algorithms. This document defines two additional algorithm values to support MRT- FRR using Segment Routing. The two algorithms correspond to the MRT- Red and MRT-Blue for the Default MRT Profile. Anil Kumar S N, et al. Expires March 2, 2017 [Page 4] Internet-Draft MRT in SR August 2016 4.4. MRT capability advertisement for SR As packets routed on a hop-by-hop basis require that each router compute a shortest-path tree that is consistent, it is necessary for each router to compute the MRT-Blue next hops and MRT-Red next hops in a consistent fashion. For this each SR node needs to know which of the SR nodes in the SR domain supports MRT. This MUST be communicated using SR MRT Capability Advertisement. Both OSPF [I-D.ietf-ospf-segment-routing-extensions] and ISIS [I-D.ietf-isis-segment-routing-extensions] supports segment routing capabilities advertisement. MRT algorithm capabilities need to be advertised in SR-Algorithm TLV for OSPF extension for segment routing and SR-Algorithm Sub-TLV for ISIS extension for segment routing. SR-Algorithm TLV [I-D.ietf-ospf-segment-routing-extensions] 0 1 2 3 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Type | Length | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Algorithm 1 | Algorithm... | Algorithm n | | +---------------------------------------------------------------+ | | + + SR-Algorithm Sub-TLV[I-D.ietf-isis-segment-routing-extensions] 0 1 2 3 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Type | Length | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Algorithm 1 | Algorithm 2 | Algorithm ... | Algorithm n | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ SR node is considered as MRT capable node if it advertises MRT capability in IGP extension of MRT as well as IGP extension of SR. 4.5. SR MRT SID/Label advertisement In a link-state IGP domain, an SR-capable IGP node advertises segments for its attached prefixes and adjacencies. These segments are called IGP segments or IGP SIDs. They play a key role in Segment Routing as they enable the expression of any topological path throughout the IGP domain. Such a topological path is either expressed as a single IGP segment or a list of multiple IGP segments. Anil Kumar S N, et al. Expires March 2, 2017 [Page 5] Internet-Draft MRT in SR August 2016 SR nodes supporting MRT MUST advertise two additional labels corresponding to MRT-BLUE and MRT-RED for each prefix segment. These labels are carried as a part of prefix SID sub-tlv (OSPF Section 5 of [I-D.ietf-ospf-segment-routing-extensions], ISIS Section 2.1 of [I-D.ietf-isis-segment-routing-extensions]) with algorithm field set to algorithm value corresponding to the MRT forwarding topology as described in section Section 4.3. 4.6. MRT computation for SR An SR node that advertise support for the Segment Routing MRT Profile MUST support MRT-RED and MRT-BLUE forwarding topology creation and support the computation of FRR paths as per the MRT algorithm described in [RFC7811]. 5. MRT-FRR for destination-based and traffic-engineered SR In addition to the Prefix-SIDs for Shortest Path algorithm, the IGP distributes Prefix-SIDs for MRT-Red and MRT-Blue. This allows each node to install transit forwarding entries for the MRT-Red and MRT- Blue paths for those prefixes. In normal operation, the traffic for a given destination will be forwarded based on the Shortest Path algorithm Prefix-SID for that destination. Upon detecting a link failure, a node can act as a point-of-local repair (PLR) by forwarding the traffic using either the MRT-Red or MRT-Blue Prefix- SID for the same destination. Following the appropriate MRT path, the traffic will the destination without crossing the failed link or the remote node attached to the failed link, if such a path exists. The description above is independent of the segment routing forwarding plane. With the MRT-Red and MRT-Blue Segment Routing Algorithm values defined in this document, MRT-FRR can provide protection for traffic using either the MPLS or the IPv6 forwarding plane for segment routing. For clarity, we also describe the MRT-FRR mechanism when realized using the MPLS forwarding plane for segment routing. In the MPLS-specific description, each node uses the index information contained in Prefix-SIDs and the SRGBs advertised by its neighbors to install transit forwarding entries for the Shortest Path, MRT-Red path, and MRT-Blue path for each destination prefix. As an example, the transit forwarding entry for a destination prefix on the MRT-Red path is a label swap operation where the both the incoming and outgoing labels correspond to the MRT-Red labels on the MRT-Red path. Anil Kumar S N, et al. Expires March 2, 2017 [Page 6] Internet-Draft MRT in SR August 2016 In the absence of failures, traffic flows on transit forwarding entries corresponding to the Shortest Path algorithm where an incoming Shortest Path label is swapped to an outgoing Shortest Path label for a given destination. Upon the failure of a link, the PLR may change some forwarding entries to swap an incoming Shortest Path label to an outgoing MRT-Red or MRT-Blue label. MRT Prefix Segments are applicable to both destination-based SR as well as traffic-engineered SR. In the case of destination-based SR, the Segment List consists of a single Prefix Segment with an MRT-Red or MRT-Blue algorithm value. In this case Prefix Segment identifies the complete MRT-Red or MRT-Blue path to the destination node or prefix. In the case of traffic-engineered SR, a Prefix Segment with an MRT algorithm value may form part of a larger Segment List. In this case, the MRT Prefix Segment identifies a portion of the entire end-to-end path in the SR domain. That portion of the path corresponds to the MRT-Red or MRT-Blue path for that prefix. 6. SR MRT Profile The following set of options defines the SR MRT Profile. The SR MRT Profile is indicated by the MRT Profile ID. MRT Algorithm: MRT Lowpoint algorithm defined in [RFC7811]. MRT-Red SR Algorithm ID: The MRT-Red SR Algorithm ID is indicated by the MRT-Red SR Algorithm ID. MRT-Blue SR Algorithm ID: The MRT-Blue SR Algorithm ID is indicated by the MRT-BLue SR Algorithm ID. GADAG Root Selection Policy: Among the routers in the MRT Island with the lowest numerical value advertised for GADAG Root Selection Priority, an implementation MUST pick the router with the highest Router ID to be the GADAG root. Note that a lower numerical value for GADAG Root Selection Priority indicates a higher preference for selection. Forwarding Mechanisms: MRT SR Label Option 1A Recalculation: Recalculation of MRTs SHOULD occur as described in Section 12.2 of [RFC7812] with SR label. Area/Level Border Behavior: As described in Section 10 of [RFC7812], ABRs/LBRs SHOULD ensure that traffic leaving the area also exits the MRT-Red or MRT-Blue forwarding topology. Anil Kumar S N, et al. Expires March 2, 2017 [Page 7] Internet-Draft MRT in SR August 2016 7. IANA Considerations IANA is requested to allocate a value from the MRT Profile Identifier Registry for the Segment Routing MRT Profile with a value of TDB-1. Value Description Reference ------- ---------------------------------------- ------------ TBD-1 Segment Routing MRT Profile This document Currently, there is no IANA registry defined for SR Algorithm values carried in the Prefix-SID sub-TLV and the SR Algorithm sub-TLV for IS-IS or the Prefix-SID sub-TLV and SR Algorithm TLV for OSPF [I-D.ietf-isis-segment-routing-extensions] and [I-D.ietf-ospf-segment-routing-extensions] define the Segment Routing algorithms for values 0 and 1. This document requests IANA to create a registry entitled "Segment Routing Algorithm Values". This should appear in the IANA registry under a new top-level entry entitled "IGP-Independent Segment Routing Parameters". The initial registry is shown below. Value SR Algorithm References --------------------------------------- 0 Shortest Path I-D.ietf-isis-segment-routing-extensions I-D.ietf-ospf-segment-routing-extensions 1 Strict Shortest Path I-D.ietf-isis-segment-routing-extensions I-D.ietf-ospf-segment-routing-extensions TBD-2 MRT-Red This document TBD-3 MRT-Blue This document Note to RFC Editor: this section may be removed on publication as an RFC. 8. Security Considerations Security consideration of MRT and SR are applicable here. None of the additional security consideration are identified. 9. Acknowledgements None 10. References Anil Kumar S N, et al. Expires March 2, 2017 [Page 8] Internet-Draft MRT in SR August 2016 10.1. Normative References [RFC2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, DOI 10.17487/RFC2119, March 1997, . [RFC7811] Enyedi, G., Csaszar, A., Atlas, A., Bowers, C., and A. Gopalan, "An Algorithm for Computing IP/LDP Fast Reroute Using Maximally Redundant Trees (MRT-FRR)", RFC 7811, DOI 10.17487/RFC7811, June 2016, . [RFC7812] Atlas, A., Bowers, C., and G. Enyedi, "An Architecture for IP/LDP Fast Reroute Using Maximally Redundant Trees (MRT- FRR)", RFC 7812, DOI 10.17487/RFC7812, June 2016, . 10.2. Informative References [I-D.ietf-isis-mrt] Li, Z., Wu, N., <>, Q., Atlas, A., Bowers, C., and J. Tantsura, "Intermediate System to Intermediate System (IS- IS) Extensions for Maximally Redundant Trees (MRT)", draft-ietf-isis-mrt-02 (work in progress), May 2016. [I-D.ietf-isis-segment-routing-extensions] Previdi, S., Filsfils, C., Bashandy, A., Gredler, H., Litkowski, S., Decraene, B., and J. Tantsura, "IS-IS Extensions for Segment Routing", draft-ietf-isis-segment- routing-extensions-07 (work in progress), June 2016. [I-D.ietf-ospf-mrt] Atlas, A., Hegde, S., Bowers, C., Tantsura, J., and Z. Li, "OSPF Extensions to Support Maximally Redundant Trees", draft-ietf-ospf-mrt-02 (work in progress), May 2016. [I-D.ietf-ospf-segment-routing-extensions] Psenak, P., Previdi, S., Filsfils, C., Gredler, H., Shakir, R., Henderickx, W., and J. Tantsura, "OSPF Extensions for Segment Routing", draft-ietf-ospf-segment- routing-extensions-09 (work in progress), July 2016. [I-D.ietf-spring-segment-routing] Filsfils, C., Previdi, S., Decraene, B., Litkowski, S., and R. Shakir, "Segment Routing Architecture", draft-ietf- spring-segment-routing-09 (work in progress), July 2016. Anil Kumar S N, et al. Expires March 2, 2017 [Page 9] Internet-Draft MRT in SR August 2016 Authors' Addresses Anil Kumar S N Huawei Technologies Near EPIP Industrial Area, Kundalahalli Village Whitefield, Bangalore, Karnataka 560066 India Email: anil.ietf@gmail.com Gaurav Agrawal Huawei Technologies Near EPIP Industrial Area, Kundalahalli Village Whitefield, Bangalore, Karnataka 560066 India Email: gaurav.agrawal@huawei.com Vinod Kumar S Huawei Technologies Near EPIP Industrial Area, Kundalahalli Village Whitefield, Bangalore, Karnataka 560066 India Email: vinods.kumar@huawei.com Chris Bowers Juniper Networks 1194 N. Mathilda Ave. Sunnyvale, CA 94089 USA Email: cbowers@juniper.net Anil Kumar S N, et al. Expires March 2, 2017 [Page 10]